给我总结下that丶this丶one....代词的用法
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关系代词who,whom,whose,that,which的用法
(1) 关系代词who,whom,whose,that,which的用法
英语中的关系代词有who,whom,whose,that,which,它们是用来引导定语从句的。关系代词既代表定语从句所修饰的词,又在其所引导的从句中承担一个成分, 如主语、宾语、表语或定语。如:
This is the man who saved your son.
这就是救了你儿子的那个人。(who在从句中作主语,先行词是man)
The man whom I met yesterday is Jim.
我昨天见到的那个人是吉姆。(whom在从句中作宾语,它的先行词是man)
A child whose parents are dead is an orphan.
失去父母的孩子是孤儿。(whose在从句中作定语,它的先行词是child)
He wants a room whose window looks out over the sea.
他想要个窗户面临大海的房间。(whose在从句中作定语,它的先行词是room)
[1] who,whom和whose
who和whom代表人,在从句中作主语时用who,作宾语时用whom,可省略。但若whom作介词宾语且介词放在其前时,不能省略;如介词位于句末时,可以省略。whose代表某人的,在从句中作定语。如:
The man who insists upon seeing with perfect clearness before he decides, never decides.
坚持看清楚一切后才做决定的人永远也做不了决定。(who作主语)
He is a man whom everybody respects.
他是一个人人都尊敬的人。(whom作宾语,可以省略)
He is a man fromwhom we all should learn.
他是我们大家都应该学习的人。 (whom作介词宾语且介词位于其前,不能省略)
(此句也可以是:He is a man (whom) we should all learn from.)
The people whose houses were damaged will be compensated.
房子被损坏了的人将给予补偿。
Who, whom和whose可用于非限制性定语从句中,代表某人或某人的,此时不能用that。如:
My sister, who is a nurse, came home for a few days.
我姐姐回家住了几天,她是个护士。
[2] which
which代表物,在从句中可作主语或宾语,作宾语时可以省略,但作介词宾语且介词位于其前时不能省略。如:
The book which helps you most are those which make you think most.
最能使你获益的书是那些最能让你深思的书。(作主语)
This is a factor which we must not neglect.
这是一个我们绝不能忽略的因素。(作宾语,可省略)
Where is the book from which you quoted this sentence?
你引用这句话的那本书在哪儿?(作介词宾语且介词位于其前时,不能省略)
which可用于非限制性定语从句中,代表物。如:
The book, which I bought second-hand, is made of oak.
我买的这张书桌是用橡木做的,它是二手货。
[3] that
that可以代表事也可代表人,在从句中可以作主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略,但不能用于非限制性定语从句中。代表人时who比that用的多些,代表物时that比which用的多些。如:
The letter that came this morning is from my mother.
今天早晨收到的那封信是我母亲寄来的。(that代表物,在从句中作主语)
Those students that failed the exam will have to take it again.
考试不及格的学生必须补考。(that代表人,在从句中作主语)
Have you forgotten about the money (that) I lent you last week?
你忘了上星期我借给你钱的事了吗?(that代表物,在从句中作宾语,可省略)
All the people (that) I invited have agreed to come.
所有我邀请了的人都同意来。(that代表人,在从句中作宾语,可省略)
The hotel (that) we stayed at was both cheap and comfortable.
我们住的那家旅馆既便宜又舒服。(that代表物,在从句中作介词宾语,可省略)
(2) 补充说明
下列情况下,定语从句的关系代词只能用that,不能用which或who
[1] 当先行词中有形容词的最高级时。如:
Shakespeare is the greatest poet that English has ever had.
莎士比亚是英国所拥有的最伟大的诗人。
Is this the best that you can do? 你最多只能做到这样吗?
[2] 当先行词为代词all, anything, everything, little, much, nobody, nothing时。如:
Anyone that wants to succeed must work hard. 任何想要获得成功的人必须努力工作。
[3] 当先行词中有含有any, every, no, only, the first, the last, the same时。如:
You are the only person that can help me. 你是唯一能帮助我的人。
Take the first chance that offers. 抓住出现的第一个机会。
(3) 没有先行词的关系代词
如果关系代词引导的从句不是作定语修饰先行词而是充当句子成分,这种关系代词就没有先行词,它只起连接作用。这种关系代词有:what, whatever, whoever, whichever, wherever等。如:
What woke me up was a splashing noise.
把我吵醒的是一阵溅水的声音。(what从句作主语)
I don't know what good they could have done.
我不知道他们能起什么好作用。(what从句作宾语)
Whoever breaks the law is punished in the end.
违法者终将被惩罚。(whoever引导的从句作主语)
希望能帮到你
(1) 关系代词who,whom,whose,that,which的用法
英语中的关系代词有who,whom,whose,that,which,它们是用来引导定语从句的。关系代词既代表定语从句所修饰的词,又在其所引导的从句中承担一个成分, 如主语、宾语、表语或定语。如:
This is the man who saved your son.
这就是救了你儿子的那个人。(who在从句中作主语,先行词是man)
The man whom I met yesterday is Jim.
我昨天见到的那个人是吉姆。(whom在从句中作宾语,它的先行词是man)
A child whose parents are dead is an orphan.
失去父母的孩子是孤儿。(whose在从句中作定语,它的先行词是child)
He wants a room whose window looks out over the sea.
他想要个窗户面临大海的房间。(whose在从句中作定语,它的先行词是room)
[1] who,whom和whose
who和whom代表人,在从句中作主语时用who,作宾语时用whom,可省略。但若whom作介词宾语且介词放在其前时,不能省略;如介词位于句末时,可以省略。whose代表某人的,在从句中作定语。如:
The man who insists upon seeing with perfect clearness before he decides, never decides.
坚持看清楚一切后才做决定的人永远也做不了决定。(who作主语)
He is a man whom everybody respects.
他是一个人人都尊敬的人。(whom作宾语,可以省略)
He is a man fromwhom we all should learn.
他是我们大家都应该学习的人。 (whom作介词宾语且介词位于其前,不能省略)
(此句也可以是:He is a man (whom) we should all learn from.)
The people whose houses were damaged will be compensated.
房子被损坏了的人将给予补偿。
Who, whom和whose可用于非限制性定语从句中,代表某人或某人的,此时不能用that。如:
My sister, who is a nurse, came home for a few days.
我姐姐回家住了几天,她是个护士。
[2] which
which代表物,在从句中可作主语或宾语,作宾语时可以省略,但作介词宾语且介词位于其前时不能省略。如:
The book which helps you most are those which make you think most.
最能使你获益的书是那些最能让你深思的书。(作主语)
This is a factor which we must not neglect.
这是一个我们绝不能忽略的因素。(作宾语,可省略)
Where is the book from which you quoted this sentence?
你引用这句话的那本书在哪儿?(作介词宾语且介词位于其前时,不能省略)
which可用于非限制性定语从句中,代表物。如:
The book, which I bought second-hand, is made of oak.
我买的这张书桌是用橡木做的,它是二手货。
[3] that
that可以代表事也可代表人,在从句中可以作主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略,但不能用于非限制性定语从句中。代表人时who比that用的多些,代表物时that比which用的多些。如:
The letter that came this morning is from my mother.
今天早晨收到的那封信是我母亲寄来的。(that代表物,在从句中作主语)
Those students that failed the exam will have to take it again.
考试不及格的学生必须补考。(that代表人,在从句中作主语)
Have you forgotten about the money (that) I lent you last week?
你忘了上星期我借给你钱的事了吗?(that代表物,在从句中作宾语,可省略)
All the people (that) I invited have agreed to come.
所有我邀请了的人都同意来。(that代表人,在从句中作宾语,可省略)
The hotel (that) we stayed at was both cheap and comfortable.
我们住的那家旅馆既便宜又舒服。(that代表物,在从句中作介词宾语,可省略)
(2) 补充说明
下列情况下,定语从句的关系代词只能用that,不能用which或who
[1] 当先行词中有形容词的最高级时。如:
Shakespeare is the greatest poet that English has ever had.
莎士比亚是英国所拥有的最伟大的诗人。
Is this the best that you can do? 你最多只能做到这样吗?
[2] 当先行词为代词all, anything, everything, little, much, nobody, nothing时。如:
Anyone that wants to succeed must work hard. 任何想要获得成功的人必须努力工作。
[3] 当先行词中有含有any, every, no, only, the first, the last, the same时。如:
You are the only person that can help me. 你是唯一能帮助我的人。
Take the first chance that offers. 抓住出现的第一个机会。
(3) 没有先行词的关系代词
如果关系代词引导的从句不是作定语修饰先行词而是充当句子成分,这种关系代词就没有先行词,它只起连接作用。这种关系代词有:what, whatever, whoever, whichever, wherever等。如:
What woke me up was a splashing noise.
把我吵醒的是一阵溅水的声音。(what从句作主语)
I don't know what good they could have done.
我不知道他们能起什么好作用。(what从句作宾语)
Whoever breaks the law is punished in the end.
违法者终将被惩罚。(whoever引导的从句作主语)
希望能帮到你
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that
①远指:指代距离说话者较远的单数对象(人或事物),对应复数是those。例如:
That is my book.Those are theirs.
②用于比较结构,以保持比较对象相同。经常指代不可数对象,属于【同类同物】,相当于
【the+不可数名词】。例如:
Ms Shen's mothod of teaching is nothing like 【that】of the teachers at my junior high school.
that=the method of teaching
this
与that第一用法相对,用以表示近指,即指代距离说话者较近的单数对象,对应复数是these。
例如:
This is his pen.These are ours.
one 不定代词,表泛指,指代不确定的单数可数对象,属于【同类异物】,相当于【a/an+单数名词】。其复数是ones,特指形式是the one(复数 the ones).
例如:
Meeting my uncle after all these years is an unforgetting moment,【one 】that I will never forget.
it
作为代词,表示特指,属于【同名同物】,指代上文所提到的同一个对象。例如:
I have an interesting book, and【 it 】is a story book.
I have a bike.It is given by my father as a birthday gift.
祝你开心如意!
①远指:指代距离说话者较远的单数对象(人或事物),对应复数是those。例如:
That is my book.Those are theirs.
②用于比较结构,以保持比较对象相同。经常指代不可数对象,属于【同类同物】,相当于
【the+不可数名词】。例如:
Ms Shen's mothod of teaching is nothing like 【that】of the teachers at my junior high school.
that=the method of teaching
this
与that第一用法相对,用以表示近指,即指代距离说话者较近的单数对象,对应复数是these。
例如:
This is his pen.These are ours.
one 不定代词,表泛指,指代不确定的单数可数对象,属于【同类异物】,相当于【a/an+单数名词】。其复数是ones,特指形式是the one(复数 the ones).
例如:
Meeting my uncle after all these years is an unforgetting moment,【one 】that I will never forget.
it
作为代词,表示特指,属于【同名同物】,指代上文所提到的同一个对象。例如:
I have an interesting book, and【 it 】is a story book.
I have a bike.It is given by my father as a birthday gift.
祝你开心如意!
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你好!
that那个
特殊用法就是用在比较级中
如,The weather in Shanghai is warmer than that in Beijing.
this这个
特殊用法就是打电话时
This is Bob speaking.
one一个,某个
特殊用法一是泛指
如,One can always trust oneself.
二是特指
如, I have two bags, and I love the bigger one.
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为你答题是我的荣幸,能帮助你就好了。
that那个
特殊用法就是用在比较级中
如,The weather in Shanghai is warmer than that in Beijing.
this这个
特殊用法就是打电话时
This is Bob speaking.
one一个,某个
特殊用法一是泛指
如,One can always trust oneself.
二是特指
如, I have two bags, and I love the bigger one.
百度教育团队【海纳百川团】为您解答
如满意,请点击“选为满意答案”按钮,谢谢~
以后有问题可以直接向我或【海纳百川团】提问哦~
为你答题是我的荣幸,能帮助你就好了。
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谢谢你,相信我们能够相互学习,相互进步的!
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