Question

求这个的英语翻译 谢谢 在线等

1、英法海峡隧道
　　英国的很多铁路项目 , 香港东区海底隧道等都是采用这类融资模式建成的。其中 , 最有名的 BOOT 项目就是英法海峡隧道口英法海峡隧道包括 2 条 7.3 m 直径的铁路隧道和 1 条 4.5 m 直径的服务隧道 , 长 5O km 项目公司 Eurotunnel 由英国的海峡隧道集团、英国银行财团、英国承包商以及法国的 France - Manehe 公司、法国银行财团、法国承包商等十个单位组成。 特许权协议于 1987 年签订 , 该项目于 1993 年建成。政府授予 Eurotunnel 公司 55 年的特许期 (1987 - 2042, 含建设期 7 年 ) 建设、拥有并经营隧道 ,55 年之后隧道由政府收回。
　　项目总投资 103 亿美元。在特许权协议中 , 政府对项目公司提出了 3 项要求 :
　　(1) 政府不对贷款作担保 ；
　　(2) 本项目由私人投资 , 用项目建成后的收入来支付项目公司的费用和债务 ；
　　(3) 项目公司必须持有 20% 的股票。项目资金来源依靠股票和贷款筹集。其中 , 股票 20 亿美元 , 由银行和承包商持有 2.80 亿美元 , 由私有机构持有 3.70 亿美元 , 由公共投资者持有 13.50 亿美元。 在 1986 - 1989 年间分 4 次发行。贷款为 83 亿美元 , 由 209 家国际商业银行提供 , 其中用于主要设施 68 亿美元 , 用于备用设施 15 亿美元。
　　政府允许项目公司自由确定通行费 , 其收入的一半是通过与国家铁路部门签订的铁路协议产生的 , 用隧道把伦敦与欧洲的高速铁路网相连接 ；其他收入来自通过隧道运载商业机动车辆的高速火车收费。政府保证 , 不允许在 30 年内建设第二个跨越海峡的连接通道。
　　项目公司承担隧道建设的全部风险 , 并且为造价超支设置了 18 亿美元的备用金。在岸上施工的部分 , 工程量按一个固定价格合同。隧道则以目标费用为基础。项目公司按实际费用加上目标价值 12.36% 的固定费向承包商支付 , 该费用估计为 2.5 亿美元。如果隧道在目标价格以下建成 , 承包商将得到所节约资金的一半 ；如果实际费用或进度超过目标值 , 承包商将支付一项特定数量的损失费用给项目公司。另外 , 由于不可预见的地质条件或通货膨胀 , 合同要服从于价格调整。

Answer 1

英法海峡隧道
　　英国的很多铁路项目 , 香港东区海底隧道等都是采用这类融资模式建成的。其中 , 最有名的 BOOT 项目就是英法海峡隧道口英法海峡隧道包括 2 条 7.3 m 直径的铁路隧道和 1 条 4.5 m 直径的服务隧道 , 长 5O km 项目公司 Eurotunnel 由英国的海峡隧道集团、英国银行财团、英国承包商以及法国的 France - Manehe 公司、法国银行财团、法国承包商等十个单位组成。 特许权协议于 1987 年签订 , 该项目于 1993 年建成。政府授予 Eurotunnel 公司 55 年的特许期 (1987 - 2042, 含建设期 7 年 ) 建设、拥有并经营隧道 ,55 年之后隧道由政府收回。
　　项目总投资 103 亿美元。在特许权协议中 , 政府对项目公司提出了 3 项要求 :
　　(1) 政府不对贷款作担保 ；
　　(2) 本项目由私人投资 , 用项目建成后的收入来支付项目公司的费用和债务 ；
　　(3) 项目公司必须持有 20% 的股票。项目资金来源依靠股票和贷款筹集。其中 , 股票 20 亿美元 , 由银行和承包商持有 2.80 亿美元 , 由私有机构持有 3.70 亿美元 , 由公共投资者持有 13.50 亿美元。 在 1986 - 1989 年间分 4 次发行。贷款为 83 亿美元 , 由 209 家国际商业银行提供 , 其中用于主要设施 68 亿美元 , 用于备用设施 15 亿美元。
　　政府允许项目公司自由确定通行费 , 其收入的一半是通过与国家铁路部门签订的铁路协议产生的 , 用隧道把伦敦与欧洲的高速铁路网相连接 ；其他收入来自通过隧道运载商业机动车辆的高速火车收费。政府保证 , 不允许在 30 年内建设第二个跨越海峡的连接通道。
　　项目公司承担隧道建设的全部风险 , 并且为造价超支设置了 18 亿美元的备用金。在岸上施工的部分 , 工程量按一个固定价格合同。隧道则以目标费用为基础。项目公司按实际费用加上目标价值 12.36% 的固定费向承包商支付 , 该费用估计为 2.5 亿美元。如果隧道在目标价格以下建成 , 承包商将得到所节约资金的一半 ；如果实际费用或进度超过目标值 , 承包商将支付一项特定数量的损失费用给项目公司。另外 , 由于不可预见的地质条件或通货膨胀 , 合同要服从于价格调整。

Answer 2

1, the anglo-french channel tunnel Britain's many rail projects, the Hong Kong east tunnel is built using this type of financing mode. Among them, the most famous of the BOOT is the anglo-french channel tunnel the anglo-french channel tunnel project includes two 7.3 m diameter of railway tunnel 1 and 4.5 m diameter tunnel service, Eurotunnel long 5 o km project company by the English channel tunnel group, the British bank consortium, the contractor and the French of France - Manehe company France, the French consortium of Banks, contractors and other ten units. The franchise agreement signed in 1987, the project was completed in 1993. Government awarded Eurotunnel company 55 years of concession period (1987-2042, including 7 years construction) construction, owner and operator of the tunnel, the tunnel by the government to back after 55 years. Project total investment is 10.3 billion dollars. In the concession agreement, the government to the project company put forward three requirements: (1) the government not to guarantee loans; (2) by private investment, the project with the project after the completion of revenue to pay for the cost of the project company and debt; (3) the project company are required to hold 20% of the shares. Rely on stock and loans to raise project funding sources. Among them, the stock was $2 billion, held $280 million by bank and contractors, and by private institutions held $370 million, $1.35 billion held by the public investors. Four times between 1986 and 1989 points. Loan of $8.3 billion, provided by the 209 international commercial bank, which is used for main facility of $6.8 billion, $1.5 billion used for back-up facilities. Government to allow the project company determine toll free, half of its revenue is created by agreement signed with the national railway departments of railway, with the tunnel connected to Europe's high-speed rail network in London; Other income from charge high-speed trains through the tunnel to carry commercial motor vehicles. Government that is not allowed in 30 years building the second connection channel across the strait. Bear the entire risk as to the tunnel construction of project company, and set up a $1.8 billion deposit for cost overruns. On shore construction parts and quantities at a fixed price contract. Tunnel is based on the target cost. Project company according to the actual cost plus the target 12.36% of the value of the fixed fee payment to the contractor, the cost is estimated at 250 million dollars. If the tunnel is built below target price, the contractor will be save money by half; If the actual cost or progress more than the target, the contractor will pay a certain amount of loss to the project company. In addition, due to unforeseen geology or inflation, the contract is subject to price adjustment

Answer 3

这么长，晕，等人家给你用软件翻译吧！ 太不把翻译当盘菜了。

翻译也是劳动啊，没有所得谁给你翻译啊。

Answer 4

1, the channel tunnel

Many British railway project, Hongkong Eastern Harbour Tunnel are using this kind of financing mode built. Among them, the most famous BOOT project is the channel tunnel opening the channel tunnel consists of 2 7.3 m diameter railway tunnel and 1 4.5 m diameter of the service tunnel, 5O long km Eurotunnel item company by the channel tunnel group, the British banking group, the British contractor and France's France - Manehe, France Bank Consortium, French contractors and other ten units. The concession agreement signed in 1987, the project was completed in 1993. The government granted Eurotunnel company 55 years of the concession period (1987 - 2042, including 7 year of construction period), owns and operates the tunnel construction, tunnel by the government to recover after 55 years.

The total investment of the project is $10300000000. In the concession agreement, the government put forward 3 requirements on item company:

(1) the government loan guarantees;

(2) the project by private investment, project after the completion of the income to pay for the expenses and debts of item company;

(3) the item company must hold 20% of the shares. Project funding sources rely on equity and loan financing. Among them, the stock of $2000000000, $280000000 by the bank and the contractor, by private institutions holding $370000000, by public investors holding $1350000000. In 1986 - 1989 years in 4 issue. Loan of $8300000000, is provided by the 209 international commercial banks, of which main facilities for $6800000000, $1500000000 for standby facilities.

The government will allow the item company to determine tolls, half of its revenue was generated by signed with the National Railway Department of railway tunnel protocol, to London and Europe's high-speed rail network is connected; other income from the tunnel carrying commercial motor vehicle high speed train charges. The government guarantees, do not allow the construction of second across the strait connecting channel in 30 years.

A item company shall bear all the risk of tunnel construction, and overruns set spare cash of $1800000000 for the cost. In the part of land construction, engineering quantity according to a fixed price contract. The tunnel is to target cost basis. Fixed fee item company target according to the actual cost plus $12.36% payable to the contractor, the cost is estimated at $250000000. If the tunnel is built in the target price, the contractor will get half the savings; if the actual cost or schedule than the target value, the Contractor shall pay a certain amount of cost to the item company. In addition, due to unforeseeable physical conditions or inflation, the contract should be subordinated to the price adjustment.