Question

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The role of the cooperative cellars is more important in Alsace than in any other fine wine region in France. As opposed to Burgundy,for instance,where the majority of vineyard owners also make their own wine,in Alsace most wine is made either by the cooperative cellars or the merchants. The majority of the vineyard holdings are small,with more than 80% of the growers owning less than a hectare of vines and much of. the work being done on a part－time basis. Even so,most growers will harvest a broad range of grape varieties. The sale of the grapes will be contracted out and advice on viticulture and,for example,the time of the harvest will come from the purchaser.
The vintage normally begins towards the middle of October. As the various grape varieties do not ripen at the same time,with the Pinot Noir and Muscat being the first to ripen,followed by the Sylvaner,and the Riesling the last, it is generally easy to programme the picking. With various qualities of late－harvest wine,this might go on until the end of November or beginning of December.
There is a saying in Alsace to the effect that the best Alsace wine is the one to which least has happened. The grape are pressed,generally in pneumatic Willmes presses,and despite the climate,chaptalisation is widely practiced. The juice ferments in large oak casks,many up to one hundred years old. On the inside of these,there is a thick tartar deposit which prevents the wood from having any influence on the wine. Stainless steel,being much more practical,is now replacing wood in many cellars.

Answer 1

位于阿尔萨斯合作酒窖的地位比位于法国其他良酒酒窖更重要。与勃艮第相反，例如，在勃艮第多数葡萄园主通常自己酿酒，而在阿尔萨斯大多数酒由合作酒窖或者商人酿制。葡萄园主所自有的较少，超过80%的种植者只拥有少于一公顷的葡萄甚至更少。大部分工作是以时间为基础来完成的。即使如此，大多数种植者也将收获大面积的葡萄品种。葡萄的销售将会被承包或被用于葡萄栽培，例如，收获所用时间将由买方来支付。
酿酒通常从十月中旬开始。不同的葡萄品种有着不同的成熟时间。黑皮诺（葡萄品种）和麝香（葡萄品种）最先成熟，接着是希尔瓦那（葡萄品种），最后是威士莲（葡萄品种），通常按计划采摘更容易些。由于的葡萄酒品质不同，收获常常持续到11月底或12月初。
在阿尔萨斯有一种流传很广的说法：生产出来的酒就是阿尔萨斯最好的酒。葡萄很紧缺，在大气流动的威尔默（地区）更紧缺，因此加糖制法被广泛应用。在大木桶内发酵葡萄汁，保存一百年。另外，沉积的粗酒石可以保护木头不会对酒造成任何影响。不锈钢，因为其良好的实用性，现在正代替木质酒桶并被大多数酒窖采用。

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Thus，each of the thirteen Anbaugebiet may contain one or more Bereiche which,in turn ,are themselves split into a number of Grosslagen.

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