Question

reject.refuse.decline.deny.turn down表拒绝时的区别，我要能做题的心得

Answer 1

1.refuse

　　1. refuse + 名词，意为“拒绝……”。
　　例1　The official refused the glove money from a businessman. 那个官员拒绝接受生意人的礼金。
　　2. refuse sb. sth.，意为“拒绝某人某物”。
　　例2　I just can’t refuse my granddaughter anything.我就是无法拒绝我孙女的任何要求。
　　3. refuse to do sth.，意为“拒绝做某事”。
　　例3　Some university students from the countryside refused to take any donation. 一些农村来的大学生拒绝接受任何捐款。
　　例4　Yesterday my car refused to start. 昨天我的车子发动不起来。

　2.　reject

　　除了有“拒绝”之意外，常用于reject sth./sb.的结构，意为“排除；摒弃”。
　　例5　The doctor rejected the student after the physical examination. 医生对这个学生体检后，认为他身体不合格。
　　例6　The social worker’s sincere advice finally made him reject his bad habit of drinking every day. 社工的诚心建议最终使他摒弃了每天喝酒的坏习惯。
　　例7　His appeal has been rejected. 他的上诉被驳回了。

　　3.deny

　　含义较广，有“拒绝；否认；不承认；节制；摒弃”等含义。
　　1. deny +名词 / 动名词，意为“否认；不承认”。
　　例8　The accused man denied the charge against him in the court. 在法庭上，被告否认了对他的控告。
　　例9　The president has denied having made any statement to that effect. 总统否认曾就那件事做过任何声明。
　　例10　She denied knowing anything about the coming examination. 她否认她知道关于下次考试的任何事情。
　　2. deny + that从句，意为“否认（某事或某说法）”。
　　例11　The driver denied that he was responsible for the car accident. 司机不承认在这次车祸中的责任。
　　例12　I can not deny that the failure of my eyesight has been a heavy blow to me. 不可否认我的视力衰退对我是个严重的打击。
　　3. deny + to do sth.，意为“否认做了某事”。
　　例13　The lawyer denied this to be the case. 律师否认这是事实。
　　4. deny + oneself + 名词，意为“拒不”。
　　例14　The famous poet lived in a quiet countryside and denied himself to any visitors. 那个著名诗人住在安静的乡下，不会见任何来客。
　　例15　I told my wife to deny myself to any callers. 我对妻子说无论谁来拜访，我都不见。
4.decline婉拒;谢绝[+to-v]
She declined their invitation.
她婉拒了他们的邀请。
She declined to have lunch with her friend, saying that she wasn't feeling well.
她说她身体不舒服,婉拒了与她的朋友共进午餐。 5.turn down 相当于及物动词，refuse 是及物动词兼不及物动词。turn down 通常指拒绝一个“提案、建议”。有的时候他们可以互换。