十五道脱试计算题附加答案分数乘法
原式=(300-15/16)x1/15+(140-7/8)x1/7+(60-3/4)x1/3
=20-1/16+20-1/8+20-1/4
=60-(1/16+1/8+1/4)
=60-7/16(通分)
=59又9/16
2、1+1/2+1/3+1/4)×(1/2+1/3+1/4+1/5)-(1+1/2+1/3+1/4+1/5)×(1/2+1/3+1/4)=?
解法:令1/2+1/3+1/4=a, 1/5=b
原式=(1+a) ×(a+b)-(1+a+b)×a
=a+a^2+b+ab-a-a^2-ab
=b=1/5 。
=5分之1
3、1+1/3+1/3^2+1/3^3+……+1/3^100
解答:
令原式=A
则3A=3+1+1/3+1/3^2+1/3^3+……+1/3^99=3+A-1/3^100
解出方程:
A=3/2-(2×3^100)^(-1)
4、1/(1×2)+1/(2×3)+1/(3×4)+…+1/(99×100)
解题方法:每个加号前或后面的数字变成两个数的减数再相加。
1/(1×2)=1-1/2
1/(2×3)=1/2-1/3
1/(3×4)=1/3-1/4
……
1/(99×100)=1/99-1/100
5、1/(1×3)+1/(3×5)+1/(5×7)+…+1/(99×101)
解题方法:将每个加号前或后面的数字提取同一系数后乘以两个数的减数再相加。
1/(1×3)=(1/2)×(1-1/3)
1/(3×5)= (1/2)×(1/3-1/5)
1/(5×7)= (1/2)×(1/5-1/7)
……
1/(99×101)= (1/2)×(1/99-1/101)
6、1/2+5/6+11/12+19/20+29/30+41/42+55/56+71/72+99/100
先转换分数,然后逐项相加:
5/6=1-(1/2-1/3)=1-1/2+1/3
11/12=1-(1/3-1/4)=1-1/3+1/4
19/20=1-(1/4-1/5)=1-1/4+1/5
29/30=1-(1/5-1/6)= 1-1/5+1/6
41/42=1-(1/6-1/7)=1-1/6+1/7
55/56=1-(1/7-1/8)=1-1/7+1/8
71/72=1-(1/8-1/9)= 1-1/8+1/9
99/100=1-1/100
7、1/(99×98×97)+1/(99×97×96)+1/(99×96×95)+…+1/(99×2×1)
提取1/99公因式,再拆分分数,将每个加号前或后面的数字变成两个数的减数再相加。
原式=(1/99)×[(1/97-1/98)+(1/96-1/97)+(1/95-1/96)+……+(1-1/2)]
=(1/99)×(1-1/98)
=(1/99)×(97/98)
=97/[(100-1)×98]
=97/(9800-98)
=97/9702
8、1×2/2+2×2/3+3×2/4+4×2/5+5×2/6+6×2/7+7×2/8+8×2/9+9×2/10
=2×(1/2+2/3+3/4+4/5+5/6+6/7+7/8+8/9+9/10)
=2×[(1-1/2)+(1-1/3)+(1-1/4)+…+(1-1/10)]
=2×[9-(1/2+1/3+1/4+……+1/10)]
=2×{9-[(1/2+1/3+1/6)+ (1/4+1/8)+(1/5+1/10)+1/7+1/9]}
=2×[9-(1+3/8+3/10+1/7+1/9)] 分数分母化成2×4×5×7×9=2520进行通分
=2×[8-1/2520×(3×5×7×9+3×4×7×9+2×4×5×9+2×4×5×7)
=2×(8-2341/2520)
=2×(7+179/2520)
=14+179/1260
=14又179/1260
解题思路:
将1变成分数放在最后面。第一个等式后括号里的每8个数分成一组,共能分248组,另外余下3个数,不参加分组。观察每组,加进16的和都是0。添加248个16进248组。
1+1/1992×(1+2+3+4-5-6-7-8+9+10+11+12-13-14-15-16+17+18+19+20+…
+1979+1980-1981-1982-1983-1984+1985+1986)
=1/1992×(1+2+3+4-5-6-7-8+9+10+11+12-13-14-15-16+17+18+19+20+…
+1979+1980-1981-1982-1983-1984+1985+1986+1992)
=1/1992×[(16+1+2+3+4-5-6-7-8)+(16+9+10+11+12-13-14-15-16)
+(16+17+18+19+20-21-22-23-24)+…
+(16+1977+1978+1979+1980-1981-1982-1983-1984)+1985+1986+1992-248×16]
=1/1992×(1985+1986+1992-3968)
= 1995/1992
=1又1/664
=1+[(1+2) ×2/2]^(-1)+[(1+3) ×3/2] ^(-1) +[(1+4)×4/2]^(-1) +…+[(1+100) ×100/2]^(-1)
=1+2×[(1/2)×(1/3)+ (1/3) × (1/4)+ (1/4) × (1/5)+ …+(1/100) × (1/101)]
=1+2×(1/2-1/3+1/3-1/4+1/4-1/5+…+1/100-1/101)
=1+2×(1/2-1/101)
=1+1-2/101
=1又99/101