struck,stricken用法的区别

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2023-04-21
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"Struck" 和 "stricken" 都是 "strike" 的过去式形式,但它们在含义、语法和用法上有所不同。

  • 含义解释:

  • "Struck" 表示 "strike" 的过去式和过去分词,意思是打,击打或撞击。例如,“The boxer struck his opponent with a powerful punch”(拳击手用有力的拳击打了他的对手)。

    "Stricken" 也是 "strike" 的过去式和过去分词,但它的意思不同,表示被打击、受到打击或遭受不幸的命运。例如,“The people were stricken with grief after the death of their beloved leader”(在他们心爱的领袖去世后,人们被悲痛所打击)。

  • 语法和使用方法的对比:

  • "Struck" 和 "stricken" 在语法和使用方法上有以下不同:

  • "Struck" 是常规的过去式和过去分词形式,通常用于表示 "strike" 动作的过去事件。例如,“He struck the nail with a hammer”(他用锤子敲打了钉子)。

  • "Stricken" 通常用于表达某人被打击、受到打击或遭受不幸的命运。例如,“She was stricken with grief when she heard the news of her mother's death”(当她听到母亲去世的消息时,她被悲痛所打击)。

  • "Stricken" 还可以用作形容词,表示悲痛、震惊或困难等情感或状态。例如,“The town was stricken by poverty and unemployment”(这个城镇受到贫困和失业的打击)。

  • 具体用法举例:

  • 以下是 "struck" 和 "stricken" 的具体用法举例:

  • “He struck the match and lit the candle”(他划了一下火柴,点燃了蜡烛)。

  • “The worker was struck by a falling object and injured”(工人被掉落的物体击中,受伤了)。

  • “The town was struck by a tornado last night”(昨晚这个城镇遭遇了一场龙卷风)。

  • “She was stricken with panic when she realized she had lost her passport”(当她意识到自己丢失了护照时,她感到惊慌失措)。

  • “The region was stricken by a severe drought, causing widespread famine”(这个地区受到了严重的干旱影响,导致了大规模的饥荒)。

  • “The stricken family was overwhelmed with grief after the tragic accident”(这个遭受不幸的家庭在这场悲惨事故后被悲痛所压垮)

  • "The team was stricken with disappointment when they lost the championship game"(当球队输掉冠军比赛时,他们感到非常失望)。

  • "The country was stricken with a deadly virus outbreak, leading to a state of emergency"(这个国家遭受了致命病毒的爆发,导致了紧急状态)。

  • 总的来说, "struck" 和 "stricken" 是 "strike" 的过去式和过去分词形式,但它们在含义、语法和用法上存在不同。需要根据具体语境来选择正确的形式,以确保表达的准确和清晰。

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      这两个词都是动词strike的过去分词一般指“打击”,在现代英语中,它们的使用场合有所不同。

      Struck用于一般打击、撞击、刺激,如:

      They were struck by lightning.

      他们遭雷打了。

      She was struck with pity for the old man.

      她对那老人动了怜悯之心。

      Their eyes were struck by the awesome beauty of the landscape.

      令人叹为观止的美丽风景把他们慑住了。

      I was struck with a wonderful idea.

      我忽然间想起了一个很好的主意。

      The workers stopped work over wage deduction and the contractors were struck dumb by their strike.

      工人为了克扣工资而罢工,而包工们看见他们罢工惊得目瞪口呆。

      The students were struck by the determination of their principal.

      学生们深为他们校长的决心而感动。

      Stricken指受打击,受煎熬,只用于负面场合,较struck富感情色彩,又多用于正式场合;试比较:

      The poor are struck most by the ever-increasing housing costs.

      穷人受不断上涨的楼房费用打击最大。

      The people in the village are stricken with poverty.

      村民受尽穷困的折磨。

      The village was struck with famine after a drought.

      旱灾过后,该村正遭饥荒打击。

      Many people in backward countries are stricken with famine and epidemic disease.

      在落后国家里,很多人受尽饥荒及瘟疫的煎熬。

      以上stricken的用法也常以复合形容词形式出现,放在名词之前,如:poverty-stricken、famine-stricken、drought-stricken、panic-stricken、fever-stricken等等。stricken 也见于某些文学语言中(如stricken in years年迈的;stricken with remorse极为懊悔的)。

      有时候,在某些复合词中不用stricken,而用struck,如:awe-struck,thunder-struck,但在某些名词前,却单个用stricken而不用struck,如:a stricken field战场;astricken heart忧伤之心,对于这类词语,我们应当把它们看作固定的词组搭配。

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