美国斯坦福大学基本概况
斯坦福大学创办于1885年，由加州参议员利兰·斯坦福和他的妻子简创立，目前在QS世界排名第二位，仅次于麻省理工。下面是为大家整理并翻译的斯坦福的基本概况信息。
一、关于斯坦福大学
斯坦福大学(Stanford University)，全名小利兰·斯坦福大学，或译作史丹佛大学，通常直接称作斯坦福大学，坐落于美国加利福尼亚州斯坦福市，是一所享誉世界顶尖的私立研究型大学。
该校校区位于加利福尼亚州的帕罗奥图(Palo Alto)，与旧金山相邻，占地35平方公里，是美国面积第二大的大学，与哈佛大学并列为美国东西两岸的学术重镇。
该校培养了众多高科技产品的领导者及创业精神的人才，这其中就包括惠普、谷歌、雅虎、耐克、罗技电子、特斯拉汽车、Firefox、艺电、太阳微系统、NVIDIA、思科、硅谷图形及eBay等公司的创办人，校友涵盖30名富豪企业家及17名太空员，亦为培养最多美国国会成员的院校之一;斯坦福校友创办了众多著名的公司机构，共58名诺贝尔奖得主现或曾于该校学习或工作。
根据美国《福布斯》杂志2010年盘点的亿万富翁最多的大学，斯坦福大学名列第二，亿万富翁数量达28位，仅次于哈佛大学，诺贝尔奖得主最多的前十所世界名校之一。
二、历史沿革
Stanford University was founded in 1885 by California senator Leland Stanford and his wife, Jane, “to promote the public welfare by exercising an influence in behalf of humanity and civilization.”
When railroad magnate and former California Gov. Leland Stanford and his wife, Jane Lathrop Stanford, lost their only child, Leland, Jr., to typhoid in 1884, they decided to build a university as the most fitting memorial, and deeded to it a large fortune that included the 8,180-acre Palo Alto stock farm that became the campus. They made their plans just as the modern research university was taking form.
Leland Stanford Junior University – still its legal name – opened Oct. 1, 1891.
The Stanfords and founding President David Starr Jordan aimed for their new university to be nonsectarian, co-educational and affordable, to produce cultured and useful graduates, and to teach both the traditional liberal arts and the technology and engineering that were already changing America.
Their vision took shape on the oak-dotted fields of the San Francisco Peninsula as a matrix of arcades and quadrangles designed for expansion and the dissolving of barriers between people, disciplines and ideas.
From the start, stewardship of the founders’ extraordinary land gift has helped support university endeavors, and has made room for a multiplicity of institutes, schools and laboratories that cross-fertilize each other with innovations that have changed the world. Computer time-sharing, the first isolation of highly purified stem cells and the first synthesis of biologically active DNA, among many other breakthroughs, all originated at Stanford.
The early years were difficult, however, as even the Stanfords’ wealth proved inadequate to their vision. After her husband’s death, Jane Stanford kept the fledgling university open through her leadership. The 1906 earthquake dealt a further blow, killing two people and destroying several campus buildings, some so new they had never been occupied.
University benefactor and trustee Herbert Hoover, future U.S. president and member of Stanford’s Pioneer Class of 1895, professionalized university operations in the 1920s and helped to put Stanford on a sound financial footing. He founded an institute to collect global political material – today’s Hoover Institution Library and Archives – and led the creation of the Graduate School of Business, both now world leaders in their respective fields.
斯坦福大学创办于1885年，由加州参议员利兰·斯坦福和他的妻子简创立，旨在“代表人类和文明发挥影响，增进公共福利。”
当铁路富豪兼前加州参议员利兰·斯坦福和他的妻子简莱斯罗普斯坦福于1884年(因伤寒)失去他们的唯一的孩子的时候，他们决定创办一所大学，以此作为做好的纪念。他们立契转让了一笔巨资，包括 8,180英亩的帕洛阿尔托畜牧场。此牧场后来成为了斯坦福大学校园。从他们的计划中诞生了现代研究型大学的雏形。
小利兰·斯坦福大学——仍然是它的合法名字——于1891年10月1日开放。
斯坦福夫妇和创会主席戴维·斯塔尔·乔丹的目标是让他们新创办的大学成为一所非宗派、男女同校的实惠的大学，培养有文化、有实际用处的毕业生，教授传统人文学科和在当时已对美国社会发生影响的技术和工程学科。
他们的理念在橡木林立的旧金山半岛上成形，成为了扩展和消除人与人之间、学科之间和思想流派之间的障碍的基石。
学校创办的初期是困难的，因为斯坦福夫妇的财产不够实现他们的理念。在斯坦福时候，他的妻子简斯坦福继续带领学校。1906年的地震则让学校雪上加霜。两人遇难，好 几栋教学楼倒塌，有些才刚刚建成，来不及住人就倒塌了。
捐助人兼信托人赫伯特·胡佛(也是后来的美国总统，在1895年加入斯坦福先锋班)在上个世纪20年代对斯坦福大学的运作进行专业改造，改善了学校的财务处境。他成立了一个收集全球政治材料的机构，即今天的 胡佛研究所图书档案馆，成立了商学研究生院。图书档案馆和商学研究生院如今均在各个的领域里世界领先。
三、教研情况
Undergraduate Education
Stanford Undergrad is your guide to undergraduate academics and opportunities run by the Vice Provost for Undergraduate Education.
Explore the more than 65 major fields of undergraduate study at Stanford.
Approximately 7,000 undergraduate students attend Stanford. Learn more about the undergraduate program and student body.
Graduate Studies
Office of the Vice Provost for Graduate Education
The VPGE office works collaboratively across the University to ensure that every graduate student has the best possible education.
Today, more than 9,300 master’s, doctoral, and professional degree students are pursuing graduate degrees in all seven of Stanford’s schools. Learn more about graduate studies at Stanford.
About research
From Nobel Prize winners to undergraduates, all members of the Stanford community are engaged in creating new knowledge.
Stanford has 18 designated independent laboratories, centers and institutes, that provide a physical and intellectual intersection between schools and disciplines. These interdisciplinary institutes are in line with Stanford's longstanding tradition of crossing boundaries to tackle large problems, engaging faculty and their students in collaborations that range from international and economic studies to challenges facing the environment, energy and health.
The designated independent laboratories, center and institutes are directed by the Vice Provost and Dean of Research, Dr. Ann Arvin.
Stanford Neurosciences Institute (SNI)
The goal of the Stanford Neurosciences Institute is to understand how the brain gives rise to mental life and behavior.
Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies at Stanford (FSI)
FSI is devoted to understanding the problems, policies, and processes that cross international borders and affect lives around the world.
本科生教育
Stanford Undergrad可作为你的本科学业和机会的向导，由本科教育副校长经管。
斯坦福大学在本科阶段有超过65个专业。
研究生学习
研究生教育副校长办公室
研究生教育副校长办公室在斯坦福大学有合作，确保每位研究生拥有最好的教育。
目前，斯坦福大学有9300名学生在攻读硕士学位、博士学位和专业学位，他们分布在斯坦福大学的七个研究生院。你可以了解更过关于斯坦福大学研究生学习方面的信息。
研究方面
从诺贝尔奖获得者到本科生，斯坦福大学的所有成员都参与知识的创造。
斯坦福大学有18个指定的独立实验室、研究中心和研究所，在学院和学科之间提供了物理意义和知识意义上的交集。这些跨学科研究中心和研究所与斯坦福大学长久以来的跨学科传统吻合。在跨学科的基础上解决一些重大的问题，让老师和学生参与包括国际研究、经济研究、环境、能源和卫生等领域在内的合作中。
指定的独立的实验室、研究中心和研究所由副校长兼研究生院长的艾阿尔文博士领导。
斯坦福神经科学研究所
斯坦福神经科学研究所的目标是理解大脑如何影响精神生活和行为。
Freeman Spogli斯坦福国际研究所
Freeman Spogli斯坦福国际研究所致力于理解跨越边界的有世界影响的问题、政策和进程。
School of Earth, Energy & Environmental Sciences
Stanford Earth scientists work to gain a better understanding of our planet’s history and its future, the energy and resource base that supports society, geologic hazards that impact a growing population, a changing climate, and the challenge of sustainability. We use a variety of methods and tools to address our research questions, including field work, laboratory and experimental studies, and computer modeling.
Some of our faculty and students focus on the history and structure of the Earth, the physics and chemistry of earth materials, the processes that cycle those materials on a global scale, and the interaction of human activities with geological processes and resources. Others combine the principles of physics and geology to explore the Earth using seismic waves, electromagnetic fields, satellite data, and rock physics, and to address questions about global earth structure, earthquakes and fault mechanics, volcanic processes, surface deformation, and groundwater contamination. Others build on a foundation of engineering principles to explore a variety of aspects of Earth’s energy resources, including optimizing oil recovery from petroleum reservoirs, carbon capture and sequestration, efficient geothermal energy extraction, and non-traditional energy resources. Finally, some go beyond the disciplines within the School of Earth, Energy & Environmental Sciences to combine science fundamentals with the economic, societal, and political expertise necessary for the investigation of complex environmental problems caused by human activities in interaction with natural changes in the Earth system.
School of Engineering
Stanford Engineering has been at the forefront of innovation for nearly a century, creating pivotal technologies that have transformed the worlds of information technology, communications, health care, energy, business and beyond.
The school’s faculty, students and alumni have established thousands of companies and laid the technological and business foundations for Silicon Valley. Today, the school continues to seek solutions to important global problems and educate leaders who will make the world a better place.
Our mission is to seek solutions to important global problems and educate leaders who will make the world a better place by using the power of engineering principles, techniques and systems. We believe it is essential to educate engineers who possess not only deep technical excellence, but the creativity, cultural awareness and entrepreneurial skills that come from exposure to the liberal arts, business, medicine and other disciplines that are an integral part of the Stanford experience.
地球、能源与环境科学学院
斯坦福的地学者致力于更好地理解地球的历史和地球的未来，理解为社会提供支持的能源和资源，影响日益增长的人口的地质灾害，气候变化和可持续发展面临的挑战。我们借助各种方法和工具解决我们研究的问题，包括野外考察、实验研究和计算机模拟。
学院的部分师生集中和学习和研究气球的历史、结构，地球物质的物理和化学成分，这些物质在全球的循环过程，以及人类活动与地址过程和资源的相互关系。其他人则综合物理学和地质学的基本原理，借助地震波、电磁场、卫星数据和岩石物理学探索地球，解决全球地址结构、地震、断层力学、火山过程、表面变形和地下水污染方面的问题。其他人则根据工程原理探索地球能源资源的各个方面，包括石油储集层采油、碳捕获和隔离、地热能高校提取和非传统能源资源。最后，还有一些人超越地球、能源和环境科学学院的学科界限，将基本科学原理同经济、社会和政治专业知识结合。在此基础上，考察地球系统中的由人类活动和自然变迁互动造成的复杂环境问题。
工程学院
斯坦福大学工程学院在过去近一百年时间里一直走在创新前沿，创造了许多核心技术，对信息技术、通讯、保健护理、能源和商务等领域产生了重大影响。
工程学院的老师、学生和校友成立了上千家公司，为硅谷奠定了技术和商业基础。如今，工程学院仍在努力寻找一些重要的全球性问题的解决办法，在努力将学生培养成能够改善世界的领袖。
工程学院的使命是通过借助工程原理、技术和制度的力量，努力寻找一些重要的全球性问题的解决办法，将学生培养成能够改善世界的领袖。我们相信，将学生培养成具备深厚技能的工程师还不够，还有必要培养学生的创造能力、文化意识和创业技能。创造能力、文化意识和创业技能是通过人文学科、商务、医学和其他学科的学习得来的，这些都是你在斯坦福学习体验的一部分。
School of Humanities and Sciences
The School of Humanities and Sciences (H&S) is the center of a world-class liberal arts education at Stanford University.
H&S encompasses 23 departments—from art and art history, English, and history to economics, mathematics, and biology—as well as 23 interdisciplinary programs.
As the university’s largest school, H&S serves as the foundation of a Stanford undergraduate education no matter which discipline students pursue as a major. All undergraduates take a range of courses in H&S that challenge them to think critically about the world and their roles in it.
Graduate students work alongside world-renowned faculty to pursue and shape foundational research that leads to breakthroughs and discoveries that shed new light on the past, influence the present, and shape the future.
Together, faculty and students in H&S engage in inspirational teaching, learning, and research every day.
School of Medicine
A leader in the biomedical revolution, Stanford Medicine has a long tradition of leadership in pioneering research, creative teaching protocols and effective clinical therapies.
Our close proximity to the resources of the university — including the Schools of Business, Law, Humanities and Sciences, and Engineering, our seamless relationship with our affiliated adult and children’s hospitals, and our ongoing associations with the entrepreneurial endeavors of Silicon Valley, make us uniquely positioned to accelerate the pace at which new knowledge is translated into tangible health benefits.
School of Education
Stanford Graduate School of Education is a leader in pioneering new and better ways to achieve high-quality education for all. Faculty and students engage in groundbreaking and creative interdisciplinary scholarship that informs how people learn and shapes the practice and understanding of education. Through state-of-the-art research and innovative partnerships with educators worldwide, the school develops knowledge, wisdom and imagination in its diverse and talented students so they can lead efforts to improve education around the globe.
人文与科学学院
斯坦福大学人文与科学学院是世界级的文科教育中心。
人文与科学学院包含23个部门和23个跨学科项目。其中，23个部门涵盖艺术、艺术史、英语、历史、经济学、数学和生物等领域。
人文与科学学院是斯坦福大学规模最大的学院，是斯坦福本科教育的基石，无论学生选择哪个学科作为专业。所有的本科生都学习人文与科学学院的课程。这些课程可以激发他们批判性地思考世界，以及他们在其中的角色。
人文与科学学院的研究生则和世界知名的教员共事，从事并改造基础研究。基础研究会引起一些突破和发现，后者又可以让人们获得关于过去的新的眼光，可以影响当下、改变未来。
人文与科学学院的师生同事，参与日常的鼓舞人心的教学、学习和研究。
医学院
医学院是生物医学革命的引领者，在开创新研究、教学计划创新和有效临床治疗等领域长期领先。
医学院临近商学院、法学院、人文与社会科学学院和工程学院等资源，同附属的成人和儿童医院有密切的联系，和硅谷的创新企业有持续的联络，因此在加速新知识向切实的健康福利转化方面，医学院有着独特的地位。
教育学院
斯坦福大学教育研究生院在开创高质量教育新方法和更佳方法方面是一个引领者。学院的师生参与突破性的创新性的跨学科学术研究。这样的研究弥漫在人们的学习方法中，对影响着教育的实践和理解。通过高端研究和与世界各地教育者建立的创新伙伴关系，教学学院在其多样化的有才能的学生中间培育知识、智慧和想象力，以便他们有能力改善全球教育。
四、校园设施
Anderson Collection
Stanford University has become home to the core of the Anderson Collection, one of the world’s most outstanding private assemblies of modern and contemporary American art.
The collection is a gift from Harry W. and Mary Margaret Anderson and Mary Patricia Anderson Pence, the Bay Area family who built the collection over the last 50 years.
Stanford Health Care
Stanford Medicine delivers unparalleled care for each patient’s unique needs. Our multidisciplinary approach to health care coordinates expertise with the most advanced technology for the best possible outcomes.
Stanford Children's Health
Stanford Children’s Health is the only health care network in the Bay Area – and one of the few in the country – exclusively dedicated to pediatric and obstetric care.
安德森收藏中心
斯坦福大学是安德森收藏中心的核心基地，后者则是世界最著名的美国现当代艺术收藏中心之一。
该收藏中心是哈利W. 和玛丽玛格丽特安德森以及玛丽帕特里夏·安德森便士海湾家族的一个礼物，是他们创办了该收藏中心。收藏中心已有50年历史。
斯坦福保健护理中心
斯坦福保健护理中心根据每位病人的独特需求提供无与伦比的照理。我们的多学科保健护理研究方法结合了最高端技术方面的知识，以期产生最好的可能的结果。
斯坦福儿童护理中心
斯坦福儿童护理中心是旧金山湾区仅有的保健护理网络，也是美国为数不多的保健护理网络中心，致力于儿科和产科护理。
五、著名校友
赫伯特·克拉克·胡佛 美国第31任总统
沃伦·迈纳·克里斯托弗 美国国务卿
朱棣文 美籍华人，1997年诺贝尔物理学奖获得者，前美国能源部部长
埃胡德·巴拉克 以色列总理，国防部长
莱德 美国第一位女宇航员
杨致远 雅虎创办人之一，曾任雅虎CEO，美籍中国台湾人
王文华 台湾作家及节目主持人
刘宏恩 台湾法学家
费翔 美籍华人歌手
谢尔盖·布林 Google创办人之一，俄裔美国人
拉里·佩奇 Google创办人之一
陈岳鹏 香港汇贤智库的政策发展总监
李泽钜 华人第一首富李嘉诚长子
李泽楷 华人第一首富李嘉诚次子
泰格·伍兹 史上最成功的高尔夫球手之一
戴维·帕卡德 惠普(HP)创始人之一
勒纳 思科(Cisco)创始人
克瑞格·贝瑞特 英特尔CEO
菲尔奈特 耐克创始人
麦克·穆西纳 MLB知名球星，效力于纽约洋基队。
丹·米尔曼 运动员、和平战士一书作者。
威廉·休利特 惠普公司创始人之一。
梅汝璈 远东国际军事法庭的中国法官。
张忠谋 台积电董事长黄蓝萱，中国台湾数学家，微分几何学家。
曾于容 中国台湾数学家，代数几何学家。
鸠山由纪夫 日本前首相
麻生太郎 日本前首相
