Question

求英语4级快速阅读 （选择题形式）题

就是选择形式的 不是判断对错

Answer 1

Colleges taking another look at value of merit-based aid*Good grades and high testscores still matter—a lot—to many colleges as they award financial aid.But with low-incomestudents projected to make up an ever-larger share of the college-boundpopulation in coming years, some schools are re-examing whether that aid,typically known as “merit aid”, is the most effective use of preciousinstitutional dollars.George Washington University in Washington, D.C., for example, said last weekthat it would cut the value of its average merit scholarships by aboutone-third and reduce the number of recipients(接受者), pouringthe savings, about $2.5million, into need-based aid. Allegheny College in Meadville, Pa.,made a similar decision three years ago.Now, Hamilton College in Clinton, N.Y.,says it will phase out merit scholarships altogether. No current merit-aidrecipients will lose their scholarships, but need-based aid alone will beawarded beginning with students entering in fall 2008.Not all colleges offermerit aid; generally, the more selective a school, the less likely it is to doso. Harvard and Princeton, for example, offergenerous need-based packages, but many families who don’t meet need eligibility (资格) have been willing to paywhatever they must for a big-name school.For small regionalcolleges that struggle just to fill seats, merit aid can be an importantrevenue-builder because many recipients still pay enough tuition dollars overand above scholarship amount to keep the institution running.But for rankings-consciousschools in between, merit aid has served primarily as a tool to recruit topstudents and to improve their academic profiles. “They’re trying to buystudents,” says Skidmore Colllege economist Sandy Baum.Studies show merit aidalso tends to benefit disproportionately students who could afford to enrollwithout it.“As we look to the future,we see a more pressing need to invest in need-based aid,” says Monica Inzer,dean of admission and financial aid at Hamilton,which has offered merit scholarships for 10 years. During that time, it rose in US News & World Report’s ranking ofthe best liberal arts colleges, from 25 to 17.Merit aid, which benefitedabout 75 students a year, or about 4% of its student body, at a cost of about $1milion a year, “served us well,” Inzer says, but “to be discounting the pricefor families that don’t need financial aid doesn’t feel right any more.”Need-based aid remains byfar the largest share of all student aid, which includes state, federal and institutionalgrants. But merit aid, offered primarily by schools and states, is growingfaster, both overall and at the institutional level.Between 1995-96 and2003-04, institutional merit aid alone increased 212%, compared with 47% forneed-based grants. At least 15 states also offer merit aid, typically in a bidto enroll top students in the state’s public institutions.But in recent years, agrowing chorus (异口同声) of critics has begunpressuring schools to drop the practice. Recent decisions by Hamilton and others may be “a sign thatpeople are starting to realize that there’s this destructive competition goingon.” says Baum, co-author of a recent CollegeReport that raises concerns about the role of institutional aid not based onneed.David Laird, president ofthe Minnesota PrivateCollege Council, says many of hisschools would like to reduce their merit aid but fear that in doing so, theywould lose top students to their competitors.“No one can take one-sidedaction,” says Laird, who is exploring whether to seek an exemption (豁免) from federal anti-trust laws so member colleges can discuss howthey could jointly reduce merit aid. “This is a merry-go-round that’s goingvery fast, and none of the institutions believe they can sustain the risks oftrying to breakaway by themselves.”A complicating factor isthat merit aid has become so popular with middle-income families, who don’tqualify for need-based aid, that many have come to depend on it. And, astuitions continue to increase, the line between merit and need blurs.That is one reason Allegheny Collegedoesn’t plan to drop merit aid entirely.“We still believe inrewarding superior achievements and know that these top students truly valuethe scholarship,” says Scott Friedhoff, Allegheny’s vice president forenrollment.Emory University in Atlanta, which boasts a$4.7 billion endowment (捐赠), meanwhile, is taking anotherapproach. This year, it announced it would eliminate loans for needy studentsand cap them for middle-income families. At the same time, it would expand its28-year-old merit program.“Yeah, we’re playing themerit game,” acknowledges Tom Lancaster, associate dean for undergraduateeducation. But it has its strong points, too, he says, “The fact of the matteris, it’s not just about the lowest-income people. It’s the average Americanmiddle-class family who’s being priced out of the market.”*A few words about merit-based aid:Merit-based aid is aidoffered to students who achieve excellence in a given area, and is generallyknown as academic, athletic and artistic merit scholarships.Academic meritscholarships are based on students’ grades, GPA and overall academicperformance during high school. They are typically meant for students goingstraight to college right after high school. However, there are scholarshipsfor current college students with exceptional grades as well. These meritscholarships usually help students pay tuition bills, and they can be renewedeach year as long as the recipients continue to qualify. In some cases,students may need to be recommended by their school or a tearcher as part ofthe qualification process.Athletic meritscholarships are meant for student that excel(突出) in sportsof any kind, from football to track and field events. Recommendation for thesescholarships is required, since exceptional athletic performance has to berecognized by a coach or a referee (裁判). Applicants need to send in atape containing their best performance.Artistic meritscholarships require that applicants excel in a given artistic area. Thisgenerally includes any creative field such as art, design, fashion, music,dance or writing. Applying for artistic merit scholarships usually requiresthat students submit a portfolio （选辑） of some sort, whether thatincludes a collection of artwork, a recording of a musical performance or avideo of them dancing.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。1. With more and more low-income students pursuinghigher education, a number of colleges are ________.A) offering studentsmore merit-based aidB) revising theirfinancial aid policiesC) increasing theamount of financial aidD) changing theiradmission processes2. What did Allegheny College in Meadville do three years ago?A) It tried to implementa novel financial aid program.B) It added $2.5million to its need-based aid program.C) It phased out itsmerit-based scholarships altogether.D) It cuts itsmerit-based aid to help the needy students.3. The chief purpose of rankings-consciouscolleges in offering merit aid is to ________.A) improve teachingqualityB) boost their enrollmentsC) attract goodstudentsD) increase theirrevenues4. Monica Inzer, dean of admission andfinancial aid at Hamilton,believed ________.A) it doesn’t pay tospend $1 million a year to raise its rankingB) it gives studentsmotivation to award academic achievementsC) it’s illogical touse so much money on only 4% of its studentsD) it’s not right togive aid to those who can afford the tuition5. In recent years, merit-based aid hasincreased much faster than need-based aid due to ________.A) more governmentfunding to collegesB) fierce competitionamong institutionsC) the increasingnumber of top studentsD) schools’ improvedfinancial situations6. What is the attitude of many privatecolleges toward merit aid, according to David Laird?A) They would like tosee it reduced.B) They regard it asa necessary evil.C) They think it doesmore harm than good.D) They consider itunfair to middle-class families.7. Why doesn’t Allegheny Collegeplan to drop merit entirely?A) Rising tuitionshave made college unaffordable for middle-class families.B) With risingincomes, fewer students are applying for need-based aid.C) Many students frommiddle-income families have come to rely on it.D) Rising incomeshave disqualified many students for need-based aid.8. Annual renewal of academic meritscholarships depends on whether the recipients remain ________.9. Applicants for athletic merit scholarshipsneed a recommendation from a coach or a referee who ________ their exceptionalathletic performance.10. Applicants for artistic merit scholarshipsmust produce evidence to show their ________ in a particular artistic field.1. B 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. C8. qualified9. recognizes10. portforlio</p>

Answer 2

你这样提问显然得不到满意答案，建议体温具体点！最好是跪求！给分啊...