非谓语动词怎么区分?有哪几种?

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非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词),即动词的非谓语形式。

非谓语动词也是动词的一种,他们有着动词的其他特点,可以充当主语、宾语、状语等。非谓语动词与谓语动词是相对的概念。

动词不定式:(to)+ do,具有名词、形容词、副词的特征。

否定式:not + (to) do。

1、一般式:不定式的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后。

2、进行式:不定式的进行式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生。

3、完成式:不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前。

扩展资料

与谓语动词的不同点

1、非谓语动词可以有名词作用(如动词不定式和动名词),在句中做主语、宾语、表语

2、非谓语动词可以有形容词作用(如动词不定式和分词),在句中做定语、表语或宾语补足语

3、非谓语动词可以有副词作用(如动词不定式和分词),在句中作状语。

4、谓语动词在句中作谓语,受主语的人称和数的限制;非谓语动词在句中不能单独作谓语,它不受主语的人称和数的限制。

5、英语中不能单独做句子的谓语。

参考资料:百度百科——非谓语动词



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非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和分词。动词不定式可在句中作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语;动名词可在句中作主语、表语、宾语和定语;分词可在句中作表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语,现将它们在用法上的区别总结如下:

1?动词不定式和动名词作主语比较

动名词作主语表示一般或抽象的多次性动作,不定式作主语表示具体的或一次性的动作,特别是将来的动作。例如:

_______ is a good form of exercise for both young and old.(MET 1992)

A.The walk B.Walking C.To walk D.Walk(Key:B)

2?动词不定式、动名词、分词作表语比较

(1)不定式和动名词作表语的区别同作主语一样。

His job is building houses.

Our task now is to increase food production.

(2)动词不定式和动名词作表语说明主语的内容,现在分词作表语表示主语所具有的特征,过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态。

The real problem is getting to know the needs of the customers.

The most important thing is to put theory into practice.

The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier,_______ it more difficult.(NMET 1999)

A.not make B.not to make C.not making D.do not make (Key:B)

3?动词不定式和动名词作宾语比较

(1)有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语,如:want,wish,hope,manage,de- mand,promise,refuse,pretend,plan, offer,decide,agree,expect等。

We agreed _______ here,but so far she hasn't turned up yet.(NMET 1995)

A.having met B.meeting C.to meet D.to have met (Key:C)

(2)有些动词后只跟动名词作宾语,如:admit,appreciate,avoid,con- sider,delay,dislike,enjoy,escape, excuse,finish,forgive,imagine, keep,mind,miss,practise,resist, risk,suggest,deny等。

The squirrel was so lucky that it just missed_______ .(MET 1987)

A.catching B.to be caught C.being caught D.to catch (Key:C)

I would appreciate_______ back this afternoon.(MET 1992)

A.you to call B.you call C.you calling D.you're calling(Key:C)

(3)有些动词后既可以跟不定式又可以跟动名词,意义上无多大区别,如:love, like,hate,prefer,intend,start, continue等。

I intend to finish/finish- ing the task this morning.

(4)有些动词后既可以跟不定式,又可以跟动名词,但意义上有区别,如:forget,remember, mean,regret,stop,try等。

—The light in the office is still on.

—Oh,I forgot _______ .(MET 1991)

A.turning it off B.turn it off C.to turn it off D.having turned it off(Key:C)

—You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.

—Well,now I regret _______ that.(NMET 1995)

A.to do B.to be doing C.to have done D.having done(Key:D)

4、动词不定式、分词作宾语补足语和主语补足语比较

(1)有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语补足语或主语补足语,如:ask,tell,order,want,wish,warn, allow,advise,permit,forbid等。

The patientwas warned _______ oily food after the operation.(NMET 1996)

A.to eat not B.eating not C.not to eat D.not eating(Key:C)

(2)有些动词后既可以跟不定式,又可以跟分词作宾语补足语或主语补足语,但意义不同,如:see,watch,notice,observe,hear,feel,have, make等,且不定式不带to,但在被动结构中必须带to。不定式指动作的全过程;现在分词指正在进行的动作的一部分,且表主动意义;过去分词指已经完成的动作,且表被动意义。

Paul doesn't have to be made .He always works hard.(NMET 1995)

A.learn B.to learn C.learned D.learning(Key:B)

The manager discussed the plan that they would like so see the next year.(NMET 2000)

A.carry out B.carrying out

C.carried out D.to carry out(Key:C)

5?不定式、动名词、分词作定语比较

(1)不定式作定语表示“将要”,现在分词表示“正在”或主动,过去分词表示“已经”。

The Olympic Games,in 776 B.C.,did not include women players until1912.(NMET 1997)

A.first playing B.to be first played C.first played D.to be first playing(Key:C)

When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door“Sorry to miss you; will call later.”(NMET 1999)

A.read B.reads C.to read D.reading(Key:D)

(2)动名词作定语表示被修饰名词的用途,现在分词作定语表示被修饰名词的动作。

a swimming pool动名词作定语,a swim- ming fish现在分词作定语。

6?动词不定式作状语修饰动词、形容词,表示原因、目的和结果,分词作状语修饰动词和句子,表示时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随和结果。

late in the morning,Bob turned off the alarm.(NMET 2001)

A.To sleep B.Sleeping C.Sleep D.Having slept(Key:A)

such heavy pollution already,it may now be too late to clean up the river.(NMET 2000)

A.Having suffered B.Suffering C.To suffer D.Suffered(Key:A)

more attention,the trees could have grown better.(MET 1990)

A.Given B.To give C.Giving D.Having given(Key:A)
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在句子中不是谓语的动词叫做非谓语动词
非谓语动词主要包括不定式&动名词&分词(现在分词和过去分词),.即动词的非谓语形式除了不能独立作谓语外,可以承担句子的任何成分
  它有三种形式:不定式,分词(现在分词、过去分词),动名词
  1.非谓语动词与谓语动词的相同点有:
  (1)如果是及物动词都可与宾语连用,例如:
  They built a garden.
  They suggested building a garden.
  (2)都可以被状语修饰:
  The suit fits him very well.
  The suit used to fit him very well.
  (3)都有主动与被动, “体”式(一般式;进行式;完成式)的变化。例如:
  He was punished by his parents.(谓语动词被动语态)
  He avoided being punished by his parents.(动名词的被动式)
  We have written the composition.(谓语动词的完成时)
  Having written the composition, we handed it in.(现在分词的完成式)
  (4)都可以有逻辑主语
  They started the work at once.(谓语动词的逻辑主语)
  The boss ordered them to start the work.(动词不定式的逻辑主语)
  We are League members.(谓语动词的主语)
  We being League member, the work was well done.
  (现在分词的逻辑主语)
  2、非谓语动词与谓语动词的不同点有:
  (1)非谓语动词可以有名词作用(如动词不定式和动名词),在句中做主语、宾语、表语。
  (2)非谓语动词可以有形容词作用(如动词不定式和分词),在句中做定语、表语或宾语补足语。
  (3)非谓语动词可以有副词作用(如动词不定式和分词),在句中作状语。
  (4)谓语动词在句中作谓语,受主语的人称和数的限制;非谓语动词在句中不能单独作谓语,它不受主语的人称和数的限制。 我是复制粘贴的,仅仅为了每日任务
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匿名用户
2013-07-07
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在句子中不是谓语的动词叫做非谓语动词
非谓语动词主要包括不定式&动名词&分词(现在分词和过去分词),.即动词的非谓语形式除了不能独立作谓语外,可以承担句子的任何成分
  它有三种形式:不定式,分词(现在分词、过去分词),动名词
  1.非谓语动词与谓语动词的相同点有:
  (1)如果是及物动词都可与宾语连用,例如:
  They built a garden.
  They suggested building a garden.
  (2)都可以被状语修饰:
  The suit fits him very well.
  The suit used to fit him very well.
  (3)都有主动与被动, “体”式(一般式;进行式;完成式)的变化。例如:
  He was punished by his parents.(谓语动词被动语态)
  He avoided being punished by his parents.(动名词的被动式)
  We have written the composition.(谓语动词的完成时)
  Having written the composition, we handed it in.(现在分词的完成式)
  (4)都可以有逻辑主语
  They started the work at once.(谓语动词的逻辑主语)
  The boss ordered them to start the work.(动词不定式的逻辑主语)
  We are League members.(谓语动词的主语)
  We being League member, the work was well done.
  (现在分词的逻辑主语)
  2、非谓语动词与谓语动词的不同点有:
  (1)非谓语动词可以有名词作用(如动词不定式和动名词),在句中做主语、宾语、表语。
  (2)非谓语动词可以有形容词作用(如动词不定式和分词),在句中做定语、表语或宾语补足语。
  (3)非谓语动词可以有副词作用(如动词不定式和分词),在句中作状语。
  (4)谓语动词在句中作谓语,受主语的人称和数的限制;非谓语动词在句中不能单独作谓语,它不受主语的人称和数的限制。
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2013-07-07
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非谓语动词就是在句中不做谓语的那个动词,有时句中有两个或以上的动词,但只有一个是充当句子的谓语成份,其它的动词则在句中表伴随或状态等情况. 在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。非谓语动词分为三种形式:不定式,动名词,和分词(分词包括现在分词和过去分词)。 1)不定式 时态\语态 主动 被动 一般式 to do to be done 完成式 to have done to have been done 2)动名词 时态\语态 主动 被动 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done 3)分词 时态\语态 主动 被动 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done 否定形式: not +不定式, not + 动名词, not + 现在分词 参考资料: http://www.52en.com/whbm/grammar/index.htm
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