xsinx的定积分在0到派
∫[0,π](x-1)sinxdx定积分计算
本文主要内容:
通过定积分直接求法、上下限换元法、定积分公式法,介绍定积分∫[0,π](x-1)sinxdx的计算过程和步骤。
定积分直接求法:
∫[0,π](x-1)sinxdx
=-∫[0,π](x-1)dcosx
=-∫[0,π]xdcosx-∫[0,π]dcosx
=-xcosx[0,π]-∫[0,π]cosxdx+cosx[0,π]
=-πcosπ-sinx[0,π]+(cosπ-cos0)
=π+0+(-1-1)
=π-2。
上下限换元法:
∫[0,π](x-1)sinxdx,设x=π-t,
则t=π-x,代入得:
I=∫[0,π][(π-t)-1]sin(π-t)d(π-t),
=-∫[π,0][(π-t)-1]sin(π-t)dt,
=∫[0,π][(π-t)-1]sin(π-t)dt
=∫[0,π][(π-t)-1]sintdt
=∫[0,π](π-t-1)sintdt
=∫[0,π][π-2-(t-1)]sintdt
=(π-2)∫[0,π]sintdt-∫[0,π](t-1)sintdt
=(π-2)∫[0,π]sintdt-I,则:
2I=(π-2)∫[0,π]sintdt,
I=(1/2)(π-2)∫[0,π]sintdt,
I=-(1/2)(π-2)cost[0,π],
I=-(1/2)(π-2)(cosπ-cos0)
所以:I=π-2。
定积分公式法:
根据定积分公式∫[0,π]xsinxdx=(π/2)∫[0,π]sinxdx有:
∫[0,π](x-1)sinxdx
=∫[0,π]xsinxdx-∫[0,π]sinxdx
=(π/2)∫[0,π]sinxdx-∫[0,π]sinxdx
=(π/2-1)∫[0,π]sinxdx
=-(π/2-1)cosx[0,π]
=-(π/2-1)(cosπ-cos0)
=2(π/2-1)
=1π-2.
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