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Howdoyouthinkthebeijing2008OlympicswillbenefitChina?Dicuss.最好长点。...
How do you think the beijing 2008 Olympics will benefit China?Dicuss.最好长点。
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In this regard, the overall situation, Beijing host the Olympic Games will conducive to China's development, especially in the economy. The people can create more jobs.
Beijing to host the Olympic Games, not only is the ancient Chinese Dreams of a century, is modern China's rooster sing!
2008 Olympics organizers for athletes to create an ideal life, training and competition environment, to enable them to meet and create joy the best results.
It Will help young people develop a global vision, so that they will become builders of a harmonious world; help spread Chinese culture of 5,000 years of splendid, with friends around the world to share results of Eastern civilization; Olympic Games to create a warm and friendly human environment So that countries and regions in Beijing experience athletes feel at home.
All in all,All the facilities to host the Olympic Games, Beijing will help improve the environment and environmental protection benefit the general public.
对于这个问题,从大局来说,北京举办奥运会将有利于中国的发展,尤其是在经济方面.可以给人们提供更多的就业岗位
北京举办奥运会，不仅是古老中华的百年圆梦，更是现代中国的雄鸡高唱！2008年奥运会组织者将为运动员创造一个理想的生活、训练和比赛环境，使他们欢乐相聚并创造最好的成绩。
奥运会将有利于拓展青少年的全球视野，使他们成为和谐世界的建设者；有利于传播中华五千年的灿烂文化，与全世界的朋友共同分享东方文明成果；有利于营造奥运会热烈友好的人文环境，使各国和地区运动员在北京体验宾至如归的感觉。
总之,一切举办奥运会的设施，将有利于改善北京市的环境，并在环境保护方面造福于广大市民。
注:你一篇讨论就那吝啬你的分数,难怪到现在都没人来回答.
Beijing to host the Olympic Games, not only is the ancient Chinese Dreams of a century, is modern China's rooster sing!
2008 Olympics organizers for athletes to create an ideal life, training and competition environment, to enable them to meet and create joy the best results.
It Will help young people develop a global vision, so that they will become builders of a harmonious world; help spread Chinese culture of 5,000 years of splendid, with friends around the world to share results of Eastern civilization; Olympic Games to create a warm and friendly human environment So that countries and regions in Beijing experience athletes feel at home.
All in all,All the facilities to host the Olympic Games, Beijing will help improve the environment and environmental protection benefit the general public.
对于这个问题,从大局来说,北京举办奥运会将有利于中国的发展,尤其是在经济方面.可以给人们提供更多的就业岗位
北京举办奥运会，不仅是古老中华的百年圆梦，更是现代中国的雄鸡高唱！2008年奥运会组织者将为运动员创造一个理想的生活、训练和比赛环境，使他们欢乐相聚并创造最好的成绩。
奥运会将有利于拓展青少年的全球视野，使他们成为和谐世界的建设者；有利于传播中华五千年的灿烂文化，与全世界的朋友共同分享东方文明成果；有利于营造奥运会热烈友好的人文环境，使各国和地区运动员在北京体验宾至如归的感觉。
总之,一切举办奥运会的设施，将有利于改善北京市的环境，并在环境保护方面造福于广大市民。
注:你一篇讨论就那吝啬你的分数,难怪到现在都没人来回答.
参考资料： 你自己再修改下了,很多句是中国式的英语了.
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Beijing Olympics to benefit all
On July 13, 2001, Beijing drew the attention of the world as the capital of China won the bid to host the 2008 Olympic Games.
This year, the city is expected to draw the attention of the international business community with the opening of the Market Promotion Conference on the Olympic Economy, to be held from April 18 to 19.
The conference will introduce to investors from home and abroad a series of projects related to urban construction, environmental protection, high-tech and manufacturing industries, tourism, culture, sports and logistics.
From this year on, the construction of the Olympic venues and related facilities will begin on a large scale, signifying a new stage for the preparation for the Games.
Investors at home and abroad are closely watching the preparation work, because of the great business opportunities the Olympic Games will offer.
Beijing is devoted to implementing an Olympic economy strategy, because the event is also a historical chance for the city to speed up its development.
Acceleration
The Olympic Games is expected to become an accelerator for Beijing's development by upgrading the city's comprehensive competitiveness and speeding up its globalization and modernization.
Beijing will use this opportunity to step up the restructuring of its economy.
Through implementation of the Olympic economy strategy, Beijing expects to maintain a balanced development between the urban and rural areas.
It plans to guide investors to channel more investment into the development of suburban counties and districts, and expects to use this opportunity to adjust its industrial structure.
Realizing the great demand generated by the 2008 Olympic Games, Beijing is also planning to promote the development of the service industry.
Further, the event is a good opportunity for local enterprises to win more market recognition for their products. Hence, they are urged to foster more brand-name products.
According to the principle of hosting a "Green, Scientific and Human-Oriented Olympic Games," Beijing will place more emphasis on environmental protection and scientific progress to offer a better environment for its residents and visitors.
The city regards environmental protection and rational utilization of resources as key to its sustainable development.
It will make greater efforts in energy and water conservation, pollution control and improving urban environment.
The "Scientific Olympics" requires Beijing to upgrade its comprehensive competitiveness through technical and management innovation.
The city will actively promote the use of high technology in its industries, construction and urban management.
In addition, the "Human-Oriented Olympics" requires the city to strengthen the construction of infrastructure facilities and service capacities, making it a better place for people to live.
As well, the protection of the many historical and cultural heritage sites is a priority in the capital.
The Olympic Games will be a good platform to promote Beijing's image as both an international metropolis and an ancient city with oriental attractions.
Opportunities for all
Beijing's Olympic event will offer ample business opportunities to the city, the country and the whole world.
The implementation of the Olympic economy strategy will generate greater demand in investment, products and services.
It is expected that Beijing's total investment in the next four years will reach 1.5 trillion yuan (US$180 billion), including 280 billion yuan (US$33.8 billion) used in Olympic-related projects.
The investment will be channeled in fields such as the construction, operation and maintenance of Olympic venues and related facilities; improvement of urban facilities and service capacities; construction of satellite cities and rural townships; and construction of key industrial bases and industrial parks.
The Games are expected to drive the rapid growth of the consumer market, especially the cultural, sports, transportation, telecommunications, real estate and automobile sectors.
It is predicted that the total amount of consumer expenditure will reach 1.5 trillion yuan (US$180 billion) in the next four years, and the Games will directly generate a consumer demand worth 100 billion yuan (US$12 billion).
The forthcoming event has already stimulated market demand. Statistics show that the city's total retail volume of consumer goods reached 191.7 billion yuan (US$23.2 billion) last year, increasing by 14.5 per cent over 2002 - the highest growth rate in recent years.
The Olympic Games will also stimulate market demand for building materials and related equipment for large-scale urban construction.
In addition, demands for products for environmental protection, telecommunications and transportation as well as services like tourism, healthcare, financing, logistics, retailing, catering and education are expected to grow dramatically.
Beijing is welcoming businesses from home and abroad to share in this huge opportunity.
The city encourages more private and foreign investors to participate in its Olympic economy strategy.
It will further open the urban infrastructure construction and operation market to domestic and overseas investors. And the public service market will be open to investors this year.
The city's authorities will strengthen their efforts in reforming investment and fund-raising mechanisms, and improving market access and regulation mechanisms to offer a fair and open environment for domestic and overseas investors.
--------------------
Cities who host the Olympic Games must commit to significant investments in sports venues and other infrastructure. It is commonly assumed that the scale of such and event and the scale of the preparation for it will create large and lasting economic benefits to the host city. Economic impact studies confirm these expectations by forecasting economic benefits in the billions of dollars. Unfortunately these studies are filled with misapplications of economic theory that virtually guarantee their projections will be large. Ex-post studies have consistently found no evidence of positive economic impacts from mega-sporting events even remotely approaching the estimates in economic impact studies. For the 2008 Summer Olympic Games in Beijing, it appears China will take these massive investments in venues and infrastructure to a new level. If organizers of the Beijing Games base their expectations on economic impact studies from previous Olympics, they are sure to be disappointed. The potential for long term economic benefits from the Beijing Games will depend critically on how well Olympics related investments in venues and infrastructure can be incorporated into the overall economy in the years following the Games.
INTRODUCTION
"Mega-events" such as the Olympic Games require large sums of public money to be spent on venues and infrastructure improvements. In order to justify the use of public funds, economic impact studies are often commissioned which invariably project large inflows of money that will have a long-term positive effect on the economy by such means as job creation and visitor spending. Events of the scale of the Olympic Games, which attract large amounts of money from outside a local economy, are forecasted to have economic impacts in the billions of dollars.
Ex-post studies, however, have consistently found no evidence of positive economic impacts from mega-sporting events even remotely approaching the estimates in economic impact studies. In a study of the impact of Super Bowls on local economies, Philip Porter (1999) found "no measurable impact on spending associated with the event. The projected spending and spillover benefits of regional impact models ever materialize" (Porter 1999, p. 61) Porter's explanation is that capacity constraints in the hotel industry cause room prices to increase with no change in occupancy rates. Higher rates contribute to the crowding out of regular traffic and net spending in areas other than hotel rooms changes little or not at all.
Longer term sports programs, usually involving stadium subsidies to attract or keep professional teams, have also failed to deliver on projected economic benefits. Even for cities that usually are considered success stories for sports development strategy, such as Baltimore (Hamilton and Kahn 1997) and Indianapolis (Rosentraub 1994), empirical research does not find evidence of statistically or economically significant positive impacts.
In July of 2001, Beijing was awarded the 2008 Summer Olympic Games. Most people assume that such an event will bring enormous economic benefits to the host city not just during the event, but for years afterward. "The scale of the organisation, facilities and infrastructure required for such a huge undertaking are such that the Games cannot but have substantial economic effects" (Sydney 2000 Games, p. 2). But what exactly are these economic effects, and how do they affect the quality of life of local residents?
The relevance of studies such as these to the Beijing games depends in part on the similarity of the economic conditions in China to previous hosts. It seems logical that a less developed country will have more to gain from long term growth opportunities. Matheson and Baade (2003) argue, however, that the prospects of mega-sporting events are even worse for developing countries. The opportunity costs of providing state of the art facilities are much higher and lack of modern infrastructure requires significant additional investment.
In what follows, misconceptions that lead to the overly optimistic forecasts of economic impact studies will be explained, with a closer look at impact studies from recent Olympic Games. Finally, the plan for the Beijing Olympics will be examined to see how China's experience may compare to other Games.
THE FALLACY OF ECONOMC IMPACT STUDIES
Economic impact studies have become standard operating procedure for supporters of public funding for sports teams or events. Their prevalence has led to acceptance of their findings by the public, media, and even academic circles with little or no critical evaluation. Because of the high profile of such events, large (and positive) economic effects are taken as given; the studies confirm what is already believed. Short et al (2000) provides an example of a typical statement: "The promise of worldwide exposure and economic gain has made hosting these major and regularly scheduled sporting affairs a lucrative goal for aspiring cities around the world" (Short 2000, p. 320).
http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa4127/is_200510/ai_n15705690
On July 13, 2001, Beijing drew the attention of the world as the capital of China won the bid to host the 2008 Olympic Games.
This year, the city is expected to draw the attention of the international business community with the opening of the Market Promotion Conference on the Olympic Economy, to be held from April 18 to 19.
The conference will introduce to investors from home and abroad a series of projects related to urban construction, environmental protection, high-tech and manufacturing industries, tourism, culture, sports and logistics.
From this year on, the construction of the Olympic venues and related facilities will begin on a large scale, signifying a new stage for the preparation for the Games.
Investors at home and abroad are closely watching the preparation work, because of the great business opportunities the Olympic Games will offer.
Beijing is devoted to implementing an Olympic economy strategy, because the event is also a historical chance for the city to speed up its development.
Acceleration
The Olympic Games is expected to become an accelerator for Beijing's development by upgrading the city's comprehensive competitiveness and speeding up its globalization and modernization.
Beijing will use this opportunity to step up the restructuring of its economy.
Through implementation of the Olympic economy strategy, Beijing expects to maintain a balanced development between the urban and rural areas.
It plans to guide investors to channel more investment into the development of suburban counties and districts, and expects to use this opportunity to adjust its industrial structure.
Realizing the great demand generated by the 2008 Olympic Games, Beijing is also planning to promote the development of the service industry.
Further, the event is a good opportunity for local enterprises to win more market recognition for their products. Hence, they are urged to foster more brand-name products.
According to the principle of hosting a "Green, Scientific and Human-Oriented Olympic Games," Beijing will place more emphasis on environmental protection and scientific progress to offer a better environment for its residents and visitors.
The city regards environmental protection and rational utilization of resources as key to its sustainable development.
It will make greater efforts in energy and water conservation, pollution control and improving urban environment.
The "Scientific Olympics" requires Beijing to upgrade its comprehensive competitiveness through technical and management innovation.
The city will actively promote the use of high technology in its industries, construction and urban management.
In addition, the "Human-Oriented Olympics" requires the city to strengthen the construction of infrastructure facilities and service capacities, making it a better place for people to live.
As well, the protection of the many historical and cultural heritage sites is a priority in the capital.
The Olympic Games will be a good platform to promote Beijing's image as both an international metropolis and an ancient city with oriental attractions.
Opportunities for all
Beijing's Olympic event will offer ample business opportunities to the city, the country and the whole world.
The implementation of the Olympic economy strategy will generate greater demand in investment, products and services.
It is expected that Beijing's total investment in the next four years will reach 1.5 trillion yuan (US$180 billion), including 280 billion yuan (US$33.8 billion) used in Olympic-related projects.
The investment will be channeled in fields such as the construction, operation and maintenance of Olympic venues and related facilities; improvement of urban facilities and service capacities; construction of satellite cities and rural townships; and construction of key industrial bases and industrial parks.
The Games are expected to drive the rapid growth of the consumer market, especially the cultural, sports, transportation, telecommunications, real estate and automobile sectors.
It is predicted that the total amount of consumer expenditure will reach 1.5 trillion yuan (US$180 billion) in the next four years, and the Games will directly generate a consumer demand worth 100 billion yuan (US$12 billion).
The forthcoming event has already stimulated market demand. Statistics show that the city's total retail volume of consumer goods reached 191.7 billion yuan (US$23.2 billion) last year, increasing by 14.5 per cent over 2002 - the highest growth rate in recent years.
The Olympic Games will also stimulate market demand for building materials and related equipment for large-scale urban construction.
In addition, demands for products for environmental protection, telecommunications and transportation as well as services like tourism, healthcare, financing, logistics, retailing, catering and education are expected to grow dramatically.
Beijing is welcoming businesses from home and abroad to share in this huge opportunity.
The city encourages more private and foreign investors to participate in its Olympic economy strategy.
It will further open the urban infrastructure construction and operation market to domestic and overseas investors. And the public service market will be open to investors this year.
The city's authorities will strengthen their efforts in reforming investment and fund-raising mechanisms, and improving market access and regulation mechanisms to offer a fair and open environment for domestic and overseas investors.
--------------------
Cities who host the Olympic Games must commit to significant investments in sports venues and other infrastructure. It is commonly assumed that the scale of such and event and the scale of the preparation for it will create large and lasting economic benefits to the host city. Economic impact studies confirm these expectations by forecasting economic benefits in the billions of dollars. Unfortunately these studies are filled with misapplications of economic theory that virtually guarantee their projections will be large. Ex-post studies have consistently found no evidence of positive economic impacts from mega-sporting events even remotely approaching the estimates in economic impact studies. For the 2008 Summer Olympic Games in Beijing, it appears China will take these massive investments in venues and infrastructure to a new level. If organizers of the Beijing Games base their expectations on economic impact studies from previous Olympics, they are sure to be disappointed. The potential for long term economic benefits from the Beijing Games will depend critically on how well Olympics related investments in venues and infrastructure can be incorporated into the overall economy in the years following the Games.
INTRODUCTION
"Mega-events" such as the Olympic Games require large sums of public money to be spent on venues and infrastructure improvements. In order to justify the use of public funds, economic impact studies are often commissioned which invariably project large inflows of money that will have a long-term positive effect on the economy by such means as job creation and visitor spending. Events of the scale of the Olympic Games, which attract large amounts of money from outside a local economy, are forecasted to have economic impacts in the billions of dollars.
Ex-post studies, however, have consistently found no evidence of positive economic impacts from mega-sporting events even remotely approaching the estimates in economic impact studies. In a study of the impact of Super Bowls on local economies, Philip Porter (1999) found "no measurable impact on spending associated with the event. The projected spending and spillover benefits of regional impact models ever materialize" (Porter 1999, p. 61) Porter's explanation is that capacity constraints in the hotel industry cause room prices to increase with no change in occupancy rates. Higher rates contribute to the crowding out of regular traffic and net spending in areas other than hotel rooms changes little or not at all.
Longer term sports programs, usually involving stadium subsidies to attract or keep professional teams, have also failed to deliver on projected economic benefits. Even for cities that usually are considered success stories for sports development strategy, such as Baltimore (Hamilton and Kahn 1997) and Indianapolis (Rosentraub 1994), empirical research does not find evidence of statistically or economically significant positive impacts.
In July of 2001, Beijing was awarded the 2008 Summer Olympic Games. Most people assume that such an event will bring enormous economic benefits to the host city not just during the event, but for years afterward. "The scale of the organisation, facilities and infrastructure required for such a huge undertaking are such that the Games cannot but have substantial economic effects" (Sydney 2000 Games, p. 2). But what exactly are these economic effects, and how do they affect the quality of life of local residents?
The relevance of studies such as these to the Beijing games depends in part on the similarity of the economic conditions in China to previous hosts. It seems logical that a less developed country will have more to gain from long term growth opportunities. Matheson and Baade (2003) argue, however, that the prospects of mega-sporting events are even worse for developing countries. The opportunity costs of providing state of the art facilities are much higher and lack of modern infrastructure requires significant additional investment.
In what follows, misconceptions that lead to the overly optimistic forecasts of economic impact studies will be explained, with a closer look at impact studies from recent Olympic Games. Finally, the plan for the Beijing Olympics will be examined to see how China's experience may compare to other Games.
THE FALLACY OF ECONOMC IMPACT STUDIES
Economic impact studies have become standard operating procedure for supporters of public funding for sports teams or events. Their prevalence has led to acceptance of their findings by the public, media, and even academic circles with little or no critical evaluation. Because of the high profile of such events, large (and positive) economic effects are taken as given; the studies confirm what is already believed. Short et al (2000) provides an example of a typical statement: "The promise of worldwide exposure and economic gain has made hosting these major and regularly scheduled sporting affairs a lucrative goal for aspiring cities around the world" (Short 2000, p. 320).
http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa4127/is_200510/ai_n15705690
参考资料： http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/english/doc/2004-03/19/content_316411.htm
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