怎么区分非谓语动词是用to do 还是doing ?
有固定的词。一部分加to do 一部分加ing。
非谓语动词也是动词的一种,主要包括不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词)他们有着动词的其他特点,可以充当主语、宾语、状语等。非谓语动词与谓语动词是相对的概念。
非谓语动词有四种:不定式,动名词,现在分词和过去分词。
其中不定式和动名词具有名词性,可以在短语和句子中充当名词性成份,如主语、宾语、表语等。考虑到很多英语动词短语中,会用到动词不定式( to do )和动名词( doing )作宾语的情况。
1、下列动词一般 + to do
decide / determine, learn,want, expect / hope / wish;
refuse, manage,care, pretend;
offer,promise,choose,plan;
agree,ask / beg,help。
例句:
1、She pretended not to see me when I passed by.
翻译:当我经过时,她假装没看见我。
2、We agreed to meet here.
翻译:我们约好了在这里见面。
此外,afford,strive,happen,wait,threaten等也要用这定式作宾语。
例子:
1、I stopped the car to takea short break as I was feeling tired.
翻译:由于感到累了,我就停下车稍微休息了一下。
2、George returned after the war, only to be toldthat his wife had left him.
翻译:乔治战后归来,却被告知他的妻子已经离他而去。
3、You will never know how happy I was to seeher yesterday.
翻译:你永远不会知道昨天看到她时,我是多么高兴。
4、This machine is very easy to operate. Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.
翻译:这台机器很容易操作。在几分钟内任何人都能学会使用。
动词一般 + to do 总结:
1、动词不定式可以用作目的状语。注意其他非谓语动词形式不能用作目的状语。
2、only to do sth.为不定式作结果状语,表示出乎意料的结果。
3、形容词或过去分词作表语时,后面可接不定式作原因状语。常见词有:happy, lucky, glad, sorry, anxious, proud, disappointed, angry, surprised, ready, delighted, clever, foolish, pleased, fortunate, right等。
4、在“主语+系动词+表语(形容词)+to do”结构中,不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。该结构中常用的形容词有:easy, hard, difficult, important, impossible, interesting, pleasant, nice, comfortable, safe, dangerous等。
2、下列动词或词组一般+ doing
consider,suggest / advise,look forward to,excuse / pardon;
admit,delay / put off,fancy;
avoid,miss,keep / keep on,practice;
deny,finish,enjoy / appreciate;
forbid,imagine,risk;
can't help,mind,allow / permit,escape。
例句:
He couldn't risk losing the good opportunity.
翻译:他不能冒失去这次好机会的风险。
扩展资料
下列动词或词组既可以跟动名词作宾语,也可以跟不定式作宾语,但意义上有区别,要特别注意。(V. + to do / doing)
foget to do sth
忘记要做某事
foget doing sth
忘记已经做过某事
remember to do sth
记着要做某事
remember doing sth
记得曾经做过某事
regret to do sth
很遗憾要去做某事
regret doing sth
后悔做过某事
try to do sth
努力做某事
try doing sth
试着做某事
mean to do sth
打算做某事
mean doing sth
意味着做某事
有固定的词。一部分加to do 一部分加ing
一、加ing
consider 考虑
suggest 建议/advocate 提倡主张
look forward to 盼望
forgive 原谅/pardon 原谅
acknowledge 承认/admit 承认
postpone 延迟延期/delay 延迟/defer 拖延
recall 回想/fancy 幻想爱好
avoid 避免
miss 错过
keep 保持
practise 练习实践
deny 否认
complete 完成/finish 完成
cease 停止/quit 放弃停止
appreciate 感激欣赏
forbid 禁止/prevent 阻止
imagine 设想
risk 冒险
can’t help 不禁
mind 介意
escape 逃跑逃避
二、加to do
afford to do 负担的起做某事
agree to do 同意做某事
hurry to do 急忙做某事
manage to do 设法做成某事
plan to do 打算做某事
prefer to do 宁愿做某事
refuse to do 拒绝做某事
seem to do 看似做了某事
wish to do 希望做某事
want to do 想要做某事
would like to do 想要做某事
扩展资料:
又加to do又加ing的词:
1、remember to do(记得做某事) 和remember doing(记得做)
2、forget to do(忘记做某事)和forget(忘记)
doing,第一个是忘记做某事(还没做),第二个是忘记做过的某事(已做过)
3、stop to do(停下来做某事)和stop(停止)
doing,第一个是停止去做某件事,第二个十停止正在做的某件事。
4、try to do(试着做)和try(尝试)
doing,第一个是尽力去做隐含有不成功的意思,第二个是尝试做,看看是否有成效,隐含成功的意思。
5、mean to do(打算做某事) 和mean
doing,第一个是计划做某事,第二个是意味着。
6、used to do和be used to
doing,第一个是过去常常做,第二个是习惯于做。
7、like to do 和like
doing,第一个是喜欢做某事(暂时的,在特定的环境下),第二个也是喜欢做某事(长久的,一直以来都很喜欢的)。
有固定的词。一部分加to do 一部分加ing。
非谓语动词也是动词的一种,主要包括不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词)他们有着动词的其他特点,可以充当主语、宾语、状语等。非谓语动词与谓语动词是相对的概念。
非谓语动词有四种:不定式,动名词,现在分词和过去分词。
其中不定式和动名词具有名词性,可以在短语和句子中充当名词性成份,如主语、宾语、表语等。考虑到很多英语动词短语中,会用到动词不定式( to do )和动名词( doing )作宾语的情况。
例句:
1、She pretended not to see me when I passed by.
翻译:当我经过时,她假装没看见我。
2、We agreed to meet here.
翻译:我们约好了在这里见面。
此外,afford,strive,happen,wait,threaten等也要用这定式作宾语。
2013-07-16
like doing sth 或like to do sth.
like doing sth 表示习惯性的动作或一般性的行为;like to do sth 表示特定的或具体动作,有时也表示一次性的或未发生的动作。eg
1) His father likes drinking.
2) I like to take a walk after supper.
3) I don’t like watching TV.
4) I’d like to go and see a film today.
同like 用法相似的还有care , love ; hate, prefer 等动词。
2.begin/ start 跟动词不定式时,多强调新情况的发生,动作是否继续下去不考虑;跟动名词时,对新动作本身注意较多,而且该动作还该继续下去。
很多情况下,二种结构可交换使用.eg
1).Computers have begun serving agriculture.
2).After lunch, it began to rain.
3).When did you begin learning (to learn) English?
另外,在以下三种情况下通常只接不定式短语。
①后面的动作是表示人们的心理活动或情感方面的动词,如like/love/ realise/ know / understand等。
②begin/ start 本身就用ing 形式。
③当主语是物而不是人时.eg
4).Soon he began to realise that he was wrong.
5).He is biginning to grow taller.
6).It began to get cold.
3.remember / forget 后接doing sth 时,表示doing 的动作在remember /forget 之前就发生过;而后面接to do sth 时,表示不定式的动作在remember / forget 之后发生或根本就没有发生。eg
1)I can still remember going to your lecture that Saturday evening.
2)I’ll never forget getting together with you at the party.
3)She forgot to tell her about it.
4)He remembered to post the card for me.
4.regret 后接doing sth 时,表示doing 的动作在regret之前发生,意思是“做了某事而感到遗憾”;后面接to do sth时,表示to do 的动作是当时或现在要(即将)做的事。意为“遗憾事地做某事”。eg。
1)How I regretted having told him that!
2)I regret to say that you’re dismissed.
3)I don’t regret telling him what I thought.
5.want /need 意为“需要,应该”,后接doing sth 时,主动形式表示被动含义,相当于动词不定式的被动形式;后接to do sth时,则无此特点。eg.
1)Your shoes need /want washing (=Your shoes need to be washed.)
2)You want/need to see a doctor about your headache.
want 意为“想,要”时,后只接动词不定式作宾语。eg.
3)I want to have a talk with you.
4)If you want to catch up, you should study hard.
6.mean 后接doing sth时,意为“意味着”;后接to do sth时,意为“打算,意欲”,eg.
1)Your idea would mean spending time.
2)I didn’t mean to make you unhappy.
3)Success means working very, very hard .
另外,try, can’t help 的用法也同mean的用法相似,后面接doing sth 还是to dosth 取决于try和can’t help本身的不同含义。当try用作“试,试着(用)”解时,can’t help 用作“禁不住,忍不住”时,后面接doing sth; 当try 用作“设法,努力,企图”讲时,can’t help 用作“不能帮助(做)”时,后面接to do sth. eg
Try putting in some more sugar ------that might make it taste better.
“I was late because …” Jenny tried to explain.
Jack tried to work out all the problems by himself.
She couldn’t help crying when she heard the bad news.
I’m very busy. I can’t help to do the work now.
2013-07-16
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