Question

哪位高手能帮我翻译一篇文章啊？毕设急用，谢谢啦！

LED's are special diodes that emit light when connected in a circuit. They are frequently used as "pilot" lights in electronic appliances to indicate whether the circuit is closed or not. A a clear (or often colored) epoxy case enclosed the heart of an LED, the semi-conductor chip。
The two wires extending below the LED epoxy enclosure, or the "bulb" indicate how the LED should be connected into a circuit. The negative side of an LED lead is indicated in two ways: 1) by the flat side of the bulb, and 2) by the shorter of the two wires extending from the LED. The negative lead should be connected to the negative terminal of a battery. LED's operate at relative low voltages between about 1 and 4 volts, and draw currents between about 10 and 40 milliamperes. Voltages and currents substantially above these values can melt a LED chip.
The most important part of a light emitting diode (LED) is the semi-condutor chip located in the center of the bulb as shown at the right. The chip has two regions separated by a junction. The p region is dominated by positive electric charges, and the n region is dominated by negative electric charges. The junction acts as a barrier to the flow of electrons between the p and the n regions. Only when sufficient voltage is applied to the semi-conductor chip, can the current flow, and the electrons cross the junction into the p region.
In the absence of a large enough electric potential difference (voltage) across the LED leads, the junction presents an electric potential barrier to the flow of electrons.
When sufficient voltage is applied to the chip across the leads of the LED, electrons can move easily in only one direction across the junction between the p and n regions. In the p region there are many more positive than negative charges. In the n region the electrons are more numerous than the positive electric charges. When a voltage is applied and the current starts to flow, electrons in the n region have sufficient energy to move across the junction into the p region. Once in the p region the electrons are immediately attracted to the positive charges due to the mutual Coulomb forces of attraction between opposite electric charges. When an electron moves sufficiently close to a positive charge in the p region, the two charges "re-combine". Each time an electron recombines with a positive charge, electric potential energy is converted into electromagnetic energy. For each recombination of a negative and a positive charge, a quantum of electromagnetic energy is emitted in the form of a photon of light with a frequency characteristic of the semi-conductor material (usually a combination of the chemical elements gallium, arsenic and phosphorus). Only photons in a very narrow frequency range can be emitted by any material. LED's that emit different colors are made of different semi-conductor materials,and require different energies to light them.

Answer 1

参考

主导的是特殊的二极管发出光连接时，在一个电路。他们经常用来作为“试验”灯在电器表明是否电路是封闭或不。 1一个明确的（或经常有色）环氧案件封闭的心脏，一个主导，半导体芯片。
两个电线延长下面的LED环氧树脂附文，或“灯泡”的说明是如何导致应连接成电路。消极方面的一率领的铅是表明在两个方面： 1 ）由单位一方的灯泡，和2 ）由较短的两个电线延长，从主导。负面导致应连接到终端的负面一个电池。主导的运作，在相对低电压之间的约1和第4伏特的电压，电流和借鉴之间的约10和40毫安。电压和电流大幅上述这些价值观可以熔化一LED芯片。
最重要的一个组成部分，有机电致发光二极管（ LED ）是半condutor芯片设在中心的灯泡显示在右边。该芯片有两个地区的分离，由一个交界处。为P地区主要是积极的电荷，和N地区主要是由负电荷。交界处的行为，作为一个障碍，流动电子之间的P和N地区。只有当足够的电压是适用于半导体芯片，可目前的流动，以及电子两岸交界处进入P区。
在缺乏一个足够大的电势差（电压）全国率领的线索，交界处提出了一种电动势垒，以流动的电子。
当足够的电压应用于晶片全国领先的LED ，电子可以移动，容易只适用于一个方向全国各地之间的交界处的P和N地区。在P区有很多更积极而不是消极的收费。在N地区的电子越多，较积极的电荷。当电压应用于以及目前开始流动，在电子的N地区有足够的精力去跨越交界处进入P区。一次是在P区的电子立即吸引到正电荷，由于相互库仑势力的吸引力之间的相反电荷。当一个电子的举动充分接近1的正电荷，在P区，两费“的重新结合起来” 。每一次一电子recombines一个正电荷，电势能转化为电磁能量。为每个重组的消极和积极负责，量子电磁能量是在排放的形式，光子光与频率特性的半导体材料（通常是组合的化学元素镓，砷，磷） 。只是光子在一个很窄的频率范围内可排放的任何材料。主导的发出不同的颜色是不同的半导体材料，并要求不同的精力，光他们。