英语必修五“john snow defeats“king cholera”全文翻译
John snow was a famous doctor in london-so expert,indeed,that he attended queen victora as her personal physician.but he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.this was the deadly disease of its day.neither its cause nor its cure was understood.so many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. John snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem .he knew that cholera would never be co ntrolled until its cause was found.
约翰 雪是伦敦的一位非常著名的医生,确实,他作为维多利亚女王的私人医生来照顾她,但是当他想到帮助暴露在霍乱王疾病下的普通人时,他变的很有灵感,在那时,这是一个致命 的疾病,不论他的感染方式还是治愈方法都无从知晓,所以每次爆发的时候都有数以千计的惊恐的人丧生.约翰 学想要面对这个挑战并且解决这个问题,他知道霍乱的起源如果无法找到,他将无法控制.
He became insterested in two theories that poissibly explained how cholera killed people.the first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air.a cloud of dangerous gas floated around until it found its victim.the second suggested that people absorbed these disease intotheir bodies with their meals.from the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died.
他变的对可能解释霍乱如何杀人的两个学说感兴趣起来,第一个说明霍乱在空气中繁殖,一团危险的气体漂浮着直到找到他的感染者,第二个表明人们在吃饭时把疾病吸收入身体,从胃里,这病毒很快的攻击身体并且很快导致感染者死亡.
John snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence.so when another outbreak hit london in 1854,he was ready to begin his enquire.as the disease quickly spread through poor neighbourhoods,he began to gather information.in two particular streets,the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days.he was determined to find out why.
约翰 雪怀疑第二个学说是正确的但他需要证据,所以当其他的霍乱在1854年的伦敦爆发时,他已经完成了他询问的准备工作,当这个疾病很快传播到穷邻居时,他开始去收集信息,在两个特别的街道,霍乱的爆发特别严重以致于有五百多人在十天内死亡,他下定了找出原因的决心.
First he marked on a map the exact places where all the died people had lived. This gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease.many of the deaths were near the water pump in broad street.he also noticed that some houses had had no death.he had not foreseen this ,so he made further investigations,he discovered that these people worked in the pub at 7 cambridge street .they had been given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the punp.it seemed that the water was to blame.
首先他在地图上标出了死去的人曾经居住过的确切地点,这给了他一个有价值的关于疾病起源的线索,在宽街上,多死去的人的居住地邻近水泵.他也注意到了一些房子没有人死去,他没有对此深究,所以,他作了一个进一步的调查,他发现这些人们工作在剑桥七街的酒吧里,他们被给予了免费的啤酒所以不需要去喝水泵里的水,看起来,应该责备的是水.
Next,john snow look into the source of the water for these two streets.he found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from london.he immediately told the astonished people in broad street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used.soon afterwords the disease slowed down.he had shown that cholera was spread by germs and not in a cloud of gas.
接下来,约翰 雪调查这两条街的水的起源,他发现这水来自被伦敦来的污水污染过的河流,他立刻告诉宽街上惊恐的人们移开水泵的把手从而使他不能被使用,在这之后,很快这疾病就减缓了,他展示了霍乱是通过细菌来传播而不是一团气体.
In another part of london,he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the broad street outbreak. A woman,whohad moved away from broad street,liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house everyday. Both she and her daughter died of cholera after drinkingthe water.with this extra evidence john snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus.
在伦敦的其他部分,他发现其他两个与宽街爆发有关的死亡病例来作为支持证据,一个从宽街搬走的女子,非常喜欢从那个水泵里打出的水,以致于每天她都让那水送到她家供他饮用,在喝过水后,她和她的女儿都死去了,用这个额外的证据,约翰 雪有能力确定地宣布是被污染的水带来了病毒.
To prevent this from happening again,john snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined . the water companies were instructed not expose people to polluted water any more . finally “king cholera”was defeated.
为了阻止霍乱的再次发生,约翰 雪建议所有的供水源头都应该被检查,卖水公司被命令不许再把人们暴露在污染的水之下,最终,”霍乱王”被击败了.
约翰·斯诺击败“霍乱王”
John Snow was a famous doctor in London - so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician. 约翰·斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生——他的确医术精湛，因而成为照料维多利亚女王的私人医生。
But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.但他一想到要帮助那些得了霍乱的普通百姓时，他就感到很振奋。
This was the deadly disease of its day.霍乱在当时是最致命的疾病，
Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。
So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.每次霍乱暴发时，就有大批惊恐的老百姓死去。
John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem.约翰·斯诺想面对这个挑战，解决这个问题。
He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its cause was found.他知道，在找到病源之前，霍乱疫情是无法控制的。
He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people.斯诺对霍乱致人死地的两种推测都很感兴趣。
The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. A cloud of dangerous gas floated around until it found its victims.一种看法是霍乱病毒在空气中繁殖着，像一股危险的气体到处漂浮，直到找到病毒的受害者为止。
The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.第二种看法是人们在吃饭的时候把这种病毒引入体内的。
From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died.病从胃里发作而迅速殃及全身，患者就会很快地死去。
John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence.斯诺推测第二种说法是正确的，但他需要证据。
So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, he was ready to begin his enquiry.因此，在1854年伦敦再次暴发霍乱的时候，约翰·斯诺着手准备对此进行调研。
As the disease spread quickly through poor neighbourhoods, he began to gather information.当霍乱在贫民区迅速蔓延的时候，约翰·斯诺就开始收集资料。
In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days.他发现特别在两条街道上霍乱流行的很严重，在10天之内就死去了500多人。
He was determined to find out why.他决心要查明其原因。
First he marked on a map the exact places where all the dead people had lived.首先，他在一张地图上标明了所有死者住过的地方。
This gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease.这提供了一条说明霍乱起因的很有价值的线索。
Many of the deaths were near the water pump in Broad Street (especially numbers 16, 37, 38 and40). 许多死者是住在宽街的水泵附近（特别是这条街上16、37、38、40号）。
He also noticed that some houses (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths.他发现有些住宅（如宽街上20号和21号以及剑桥街上的8号和9号）却无人死亡。
He had not foreseen this, so he made further investigations.他以前没预料到这种情况，所以他决定深入调查。
He discovered that these people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street.他发现，这些人都在剑桥街7号的酒馆里打工，
They had been given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the pump. 而酒馆为他们免费提供啤酒喝，因此他们没有喝从宽街水泵抽上来的水。
It seemed that the water was to blame.看来水是罪魁祸首。
Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets.接下来，约翰·斯诺调查了这两条街的水源情况。
He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London.他发现，水是从河里来的，而河水被伦敦排出的脏水污染了。
He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used.他马上叫宽街上惊慌失措的老百姓拆掉水泵的把手。这样，水泵就用不成了。
Soon afterwards the disease slowed down.不久，疫情就开始得到缓解。He had shown that cholera was spread by germs and not in a cloud of gas.他证明了霍乱是由病菌而不是由气体传播的。
In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. 在伦敦的另一个地区，他从两个与宽街暴发的霍乱有关联的死亡病例中发现了有力的证据。
A woman, who had moved away from Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.有一位妇女是从宽街搬过来的，她特别喜欢那里的水，每天都要派人从水泵打水运到家里来。
Both she and her daughter died of cholera after drinking the water.她和她的女儿喝了这种水，都得了霍乱而死去。
With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus. 有了这个特别的证据，约翰·斯诺就能够肯定地宣布，这种被污染了的水携带着病菌。
To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined.为了防止这种情况的再度发生，约翰·斯诺建议所有水源都要经过检测。
The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more.自来水公司也接到指令，不能再让人们接触被污染的水了。Finally "King Cholera" was defeated.最终，“霍乱王”被击败了。.
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