Question

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Studies on biodegradation of a mixture of toxic and nontoxic
pollutant using Arthrobacter species
使用节种对混合有毒及无毒污染物生物降解的研究
Abstract 摘要
The effect of a nontoxic easily degradable substrate, glucose, on the biodegradation of toxic pollutant, phenol, was studied in batch reactors using a phenol degrading culture (Arthrobacter species). The effect of glucose on phenol degradation was determined at different glucose concentra-tions. The effect ofdifferentinoculumon substrateremovalin a phenol and glucose mixture was also studied. Results indicated that when a mixed substrate (phenol and glucose) was used, phenol acclimated population showed an initial preference for phenol and utilised glucose after phenol
removal. However phenol degradationratewas reduced in the presence of glucose. It was also observed that phenol degradation was completely inhibited when the glucose concentration exceeds 2 g/l. The substrate removal pattern changed completely when inoculum was drawn from mixed substrate acclimatised culture. The glucose
utilisation started immediately and the rate of glucose utilisation was not affected by the presence of phenol. The phenol degradation also started simultaneously. In presence of phenol only, the rate of phenol degradation for the culture acclimatised to mixed substrates was lower than that of phenol acclimatised culture. These results indicate that nontoxic substrate can affect the biodegradation of toxic pollutantsis suitable and acclimatisationmay be necessary for biodegradation of mixed substrate.
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Answer 1

原译：
The effect of a nontoxic easily degradable substrate, glucose, on the biodegradation of toxic pollutant, phenol, was studied in batch reactors using a phenol degrading culture (Arthrobacter species). The effect of glucose on phenol degradation was determined at different glucose concentra-tions. The effect ofdifferentinoculumon substrateremovalin a phenol and glucose mixture was also studied. Results indicated that when a mixed substrate (phenol and glucose) was used, phenol acclimated population showed an initial preference for phenol and utilised glucose after phenol

翻译：
影响一个无毒容易降解基质，葡萄糖，对生物降解的有毒污染物，苯酚，研究了在批式反应器使用苯酚有辱人格的文化（节种） 。影响葡萄糖对苯酚的降解是确定在不同的葡萄糖浓度的筹措。影响ofdifferentinoculumon substrateremovalin苯酚和葡萄糖混合还研究了。结果表明，当一个混合基质（苯酚和葡萄糖） ，用苯酚驯化的人口表明，初步倾向于苯酚和利用葡萄糖后，苯酚

原译：
removal. However phenol degradationratewas reduced in the presence of glucose. It was also observed that phenol degradation was completely inhibited when the glucose concentration exceeds 2 g/l. The substrate removal pattern changed completely when inoculum was drawn from mixed substrate acclimatised culture. The glucose

翻译：
罢免权。不过苯酚degradationratewas减少，在场的葡萄糖。与会者还指出，苯酚的降解被完全抑制，当血糖浓度超过2 g / L的衬底去除模式完全改变，当接种取自混合基质acclimatised文化。葡萄糖

原译：
utilisation started immediately and the rate of glucose utilisation was not affected by the presence of phenol. The phenol degradation also started simultaneously. In presence of phenol only, the rate of phenol degradation for the culture acclimatised to mixed substrates was lower than that of phenol acclimatised culture. These results indicate that nontoxic substrate can affect the biodegradation of toxic pollutantsis suitable and acclimatisationmay be necessary for biodegradation of mixed substrate.

翻译：
使用率立即开始率和葡萄糖的使用率没有受到影响，由在场的苯酚。苯酚降解也同时展开。在在场的苯酚只，苯酚降解也同时展开。在在场的苯酚只，率苯酚的降解为文化acclimatised混合基质低于苯酚acclimatised文化。这些结果表明，无毒
衬底可影响生物降解有毒pollutantsis合适和必要的acclimatisationmay生物降解的混合基质。

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Answer 2

本文在使用苯酚降解培养液（节种）的间歇反应器中研究无毒易降解基质葡萄糖对有毒污染物苯酚的生物降解的影响，并根据不同的葡萄糖浓度测定葡萄糖对苯酚降解的影响。本文还研究不同接种物对于去除苯酚与葡萄糖混合物中的基质的影响。研究结果表明，在使用混合基质（苯酚和葡萄糖）时，苯酚驯化群体的降解首先表现为苯酚偏好，在去除苯酚后则利用葡萄糖降解。不过，在有葡萄糖的情况下，苯酚降解速度会下降。研究过程中还观察到，当葡萄糖浓度超过2 g/l时，苯酚降解被完全抑制。从混合基质驯化培养液中提出接种物后，基质去除模式完全改变，此时立即开始利用葡萄糖，而且葡萄糖的利用率不受苯酚影响。苯酚降解也同时开始。在只有苯酚的情况下，混合基质驯化培养液的苯酚降解速度低于苯酚驯化培养液的降解速度。上述结果表明，可影响有毒污染物生物降解的无毒基质适合用于混合基质的生物降解，并且混合基质的生物降解可能必须采取驯化。

Answer 3

影响一个无毒容易降解基质，葡萄糖，对生物降解的有毒污染物，苯酚，研究了在批式反应器使用苯酚有辱人格的文化（节种）。影响葡萄糖对苯酚的降解是确定在不同的葡萄糖浓度的筹措。影响ofdifferentinoculumon substrateremovalin苯酚和葡萄糖混合还研究了。结果表明，当一个混合基质（苯酚和葡萄糖），用苯酚驯化的人口表明，初步倾向于苯酚和利用葡萄糖后，苯酚
罢免权。不过苯酚degradationratewas减少，在场的葡萄糖。与会者还指出，苯酚的降解被完全抑制，当血糖浓度超过2 g / L的衬底去除模式完全改变，当接种取自混合基质acclimatised文化。葡萄糖
使用率立即开始率和葡萄糖的使用率没有受到影响，由在场的苯酚。苯酚降解也同时展开。在在场的苯酚只，率苯酚的降解为文化acclimatised混合基质低于苯酚acclimatised文化。这些结果表明，无毒衬底可影响生物降解有毒pollutantsis合适和必要的 acclimatisationmay生物降解的混合基质。

Answer 4

使用酚贬低的文化(节细菌属种类)，一个无毒容易地自然分解的基体，葡萄糖的作用，对毒性污染物的生物降解，酚，在批反应器被学习了。 葡萄糖的作用对酚退化是坚定的以不同的葡萄糖含量。 作用ofdifferentinoculumon substrateremovalin酚和葡萄糖混合物也被学习了。 结果表明，当(酚和葡萄糖)使用了一个混杂的基体，酚顺应的人口显示了酚的最初的特选并且在酚以后运用了葡萄糖
removal. 然而酚degradationratewas在葡萄糖面前减少了。 也被观察酚退化完全地被禁止了，当葡萄糖含量超出2 g/l.时。 当接种物从混杂的基体适应的文化，得出了基体撤除样式完全地改变了。 葡萄糖
utilisation立刻开始的和葡萄糖运用的率未受酚的出现影响。 酚退化同时也开始了。 在酚仅出现，酚退化的率文化的适应对混杂的基体低于那酚适应的文化。 这些结果表明无毒基体可能影响适当毒性pollutantsis的生物降解，并且acclimatisationmay为混杂的基体的生物降解是必要的。

Answer 5

i do not know