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解:x ² - (a + 1)x + a = 0
x ² -(a + 1)x +【(a + 1)/ 2】² = - a + 【(a + 1)/ 2】²
(x - (a + 1))² = - a + (a + 1)² / 4
(x - a - 1)² = (a ² + 2 a + 1 - 4 a)/ 4
(x - a - 1)² = (a ² - 2 a + 1)/ 4
(x - a - 1)² = (a - 1)² / 4
x - a - 1 = ±(a - 1)/ 2
x = ±(a - 1)/ 2 + a + 1
x1 = (a - 1)/ 2 + a + 1
= 【(a - 1)+ 2(a + 1)】 / 2
= (a - 1 + 2 a + 2)/ 2
= (3 a + 1)/ 2
x2 = -(a - 1)/ 2 + a + 1
= 【 - a + 1 + 2(a + 1) 】/ 2
= (- a + 1 + 2 a + 2)/ 2
= (a + 3)/ 2
x ² -(a + 1)x +【(a + 1)/ 2】² = - a + 【(a + 1)/ 2】²
(x - (a + 1))² = - a + (a + 1)² / 4
(x - a - 1)² = (a ² + 2 a + 1 - 4 a)/ 4
(x - a - 1)² = (a ² - 2 a + 1)/ 4
(x - a - 1)² = (a - 1)² / 4
x - a - 1 = ±(a - 1)/ 2
x = ±(a - 1)/ 2 + a + 1
x1 = (a - 1)/ 2 + a + 1
= 【(a - 1)+ 2(a + 1)】 / 2
= (a - 1 + 2 a + 2)/ 2
= (3 a + 1)/ 2
x2 = -(a - 1)/ 2 + a + 1
= 【 - a + 1 + 2(a + 1) 】/ 2
= (- a + 1 + 2 a + 2)/ 2
= (a + 3)/ 2
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