Question

gmat阅读题求解答

The United States government has a long-standing policy of using federal funds to keep small business viable. The Small Business Act of 1953 authorized the Small Business Administration (SBA) to enter into contracts with government agencies having procurement powers and to arrange for fulfillment of these contracts by awarding subcontracts to small businesses. In the mid-1960's, during the war on poverty years, Congress hoped to encourage minority entrepreneurs by directing such funding to minority businesses. At first this funding was directed toward minority entrepreneurs with very low incomes. A 1967 amendment to the Economic Opportunity Act directed the SBA to pay special attention to minority-owned businesses located in urban or rural areas characterized by high proportions of unemployed or low-income individuals. Since then, the answer given to the fundamental question of who the recipients should be--the most economically disadvantaged or those with the best prospects for business success--has changed, and the social goals of the programs have shifted, resulting in policy changes.

The first shift occurred during the early 1970's. While the goal of assisting the economically disadvantaged entrepreneur remained, a new goal emerged: to remedy the effects of past discrimination. In fact, in 1970 the SBA explicitly stated that their main goal was to increase the number of minority-owned businesses. At the time, minorities constituted seventeen percent of the nation's population, but only four percent of the nation's self-employed. This ownership gap was held to be the result of past discrimination. Increasing the number of minority-owned firms was seen as a way to remedy this problem. In that context, providing funding to minority entrepreneurs in middle- and high-income brackets seemed justified.

In the late 1970's, the goals of minority-business funding programs shifted again. At the Minority Business Development Agency, for example, the goal of increasing numbers of minority-owned firms was supplanted by the goal of creating and assisting more minority-owned substantive firms with future growth potential. Assisting manufacturers or wholesalers became far more important than assisting small service businesses. Minority-business funding programs were now justified as instruments for economic development, particularly for creating jobs in minority communities of high unemployment.
According to the passage, in 1970 funding to minority entrepreneurs focused primarily on which of the following?
(A) Alleviating chronic unemployment in urban areas (B) Narrowing the ownership gap
(C) Assisting minority-owned businesses with growth potential
(D) Awarding subcontracts to businesses that encouraged community development (E) Targeting the most economically disadvantaged minority-owned businesses
答案B，C为什么不对，因为题目说funding,我就定位在了3段，然后发现有growth potential，为什么要定位第二段？
求解答！！！

Answer 1

Increasing the number of minority-owned firms was seen as a way to remedy this problem 我觉得这句话是定位句，增加这个的数量，就是一个funding的过程。上过新东方王双林的课？找定位句定位段〜 第二段 最后一句话 providing funding to minority entrepreneurs

追问

还是不太明白，第三段也有funding啊我定位的是这个啊the goal of increasing numbers of minority-owned firms was supplanted by ……growth potential ，我觉得第三段说的更直接啊ps:我是在天津新东方上的

追答

我是北京上的。funding to minority entrepreneurs我觉得这个应该是去在文中去定位的部分，不是funding。再者，题目说得是1970，文中首次出现1970是在第二段第三行，early 1970's 和late 1970's 都说的是70年代，不确切。故定位还是在第二段，in 1970 the SBA explicitly stated that their main goal was to increase the number of minority-owned businesses. minority-owned business 即 minority entrepreneur 。 这样讲清楚点儿了么？