can,could和be able to的区别
2个回答
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均可表示某人做某事的能力,常可互换.例如:
I'm not able to [can't] explain this. 我不能解释这个问题.
He was able to [could] speak French very well. 他的法语讲得很不错.
但是还是有区别的:
(1) 从时态形式来看,can 只有现在式和过去式(could)两种,而 be able to 则可根据需要使用多种时态,还可以和一些情态动词连用,或用作动词不定式等非谓语形式.例如:
I haven't been able to sleep recently. 最近我睡不着觉.
Our baby will be able to walk in a few weeks. 我们的宝宝再过几个星期就能走路了.
You might be able to persuade him. 你也许能够说服他.
I hope to be able to do the work. 我希望能干得了这项工作.
I regret not being able to help her. 我很遗憾未能帮助她.
(2) 用于现在时,can 泛指一般的能力,而 be able to 则主要指具体做某件事的能力.例如:
He can swim. 他会游泳.
I am able to express my idea in a clear way. 我能清楚地表达自己的想法.
(3) 在表示过去的一般能力时,两者没有很大差别.例如:
I could / was able to play the piano when I was young. 我年轻时会弹钢琴.
但如果要表示"一时的能力",即"在过去某时有某种能力,并顺利地完成某事",则要用 was / were able to,而不能用 could.例如:
Though he was sick, he was able to swim across the river. 虽然他病了,但他还是游过了河.
After five hours of climbing, we were able to reach the top of the mountain. 经过5个小时的攀爬,我们终于登上了山顶.
could 表示可能或有能力做,was [were] able to 则表示能够做且确已做到.比较下面两句:
I was able to pass the examination. 我通过了考试.(不仅有能力,而且实际上做到了.相当于I succeeded in passing the examination.)
I could pass the examination. 我当时有能力通过考试.(有能力,但实际上不一定做得到)
could 还可以用来表示更加委婉,客气的表达。例如:
Could you please give me a hand?
你能帮我个忙吗?
祝你开心如意!
I'm not able to [can't] explain this. 我不能解释这个问题.
He was able to [could] speak French very well. 他的法语讲得很不错.
但是还是有区别的:
(1) 从时态形式来看,can 只有现在式和过去式(could)两种,而 be able to 则可根据需要使用多种时态,还可以和一些情态动词连用,或用作动词不定式等非谓语形式.例如:
I haven't been able to sleep recently. 最近我睡不着觉.
Our baby will be able to walk in a few weeks. 我们的宝宝再过几个星期就能走路了.
You might be able to persuade him. 你也许能够说服他.
I hope to be able to do the work. 我希望能干得了这项工作.
I regret not being able to help her. 我很遗憾未能帮助她.
(2) 用于现在时,can 泛指一般的能力,而 be able to 则主要指具体做某件事的能力.例如:
He can swim. 他会游泳.
I am able to express my idea in a clear way. 我能清楚地表达自己的想法.
(3) 在表示过去的一般能力时,两者没有很大差别.例如:
I could / was able to play the piano when I was young. 我年轻时会弹钢琴.
但如果要表示"一时的能力",即"在过去某时有某种能力,并顺利地完成某事",则要用 was / were able to,而不能用 could.例如:
Though he was sick, he was able to swim across the river. 虽然他病了,但他还是游过了河.
After five hours of climbing, we were able to reach the top of the mountain. 经过5个小时的攀爬,我们终于登上了山顶.
could 表示可能或有能力做,was [were] able to 则表示能够做且确已做到.比较下面两句:
I was able to pass the examination. 我通过了考试.(不仅有能力,而且实际上做到了.相当于I succeeded in passing the examination.)
I could pass the examination. 我当时有能力通过考试.(有能力,但实际上不一定做得到)
could 还可以用来表示更加委婉,客气的表达。例如:
Could you please give me a hand?
你能帮我个忙吗?
祝你开心如意!
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1.当下面三句话在 现在时 的对话中,都可以简单译为 [我能清理房子],但结合全文每句的意思又可以各有侧重:
I can clean the room. (告知你 或 来和你确认)我去整理房间。
I could clean the room. (如果你不想整理)我可以,但实际上也没想去做。
I'm able to clean the room. 我胜任房间清理(我不是2岁能力不足)。
可以根据上下文来选择使用哪一种表达。 Can 和 Could 回答时,can给人一种自愿接受的感觉。Could有种不情愿的接受。上下文无序强调时,两者亦可通用。
2.can 和 could 在疑问句中:
Could 提问表委婉请求。路人对你说:Could you do me a favour?
Can提问更强烈,商量余地弱。妈妈说: can you clean your room?
不许侧重的时候,两者通用都可。
I can clean the room. (告知你 或 来和你确认)我去整理房间。
I could clean the room. (如果你不想整理)我可以,但实际上也没想去做。
I'm able to clean the room. 我胜任房间清理(我不是2岁能力不足)。
可以根据上下文来选择使用哪一种表达。 Can 和 Could 回答时,can给人一种自愿接受的感觉。Could有种不情愿的接受。上下文无序强调时,两者亦可通用。
2.can 和 could 在疑问句中:
Could 提问表委婉请求。路人对你说:Could you do me a favour?
Can提问更强烈,商量余地弱。妈妈说: can you clean your room?
不许侧重的时候,两者通用都可。
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