什么是被动语态
被动语态是动词的一种形式,用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。
被动语态的构成:
(1)助动词+be+及物动词的过去分词
(2)情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词
口诀:
一般现在时、一般过去时用be +及物动词的过去分词,be有人称、时、数变。
完成时态have(has)done,被动将been加中间。
一般将来shall(will)do,被动变do为be done。
将来进行无被动,shall(will)be doing。
现在完成时,被动 have(has)been done。
现、过进行be doing,被动be加being done。
情、助、有、是妥安排,一律随新主语变。
否定助后加not,疑问一助置主前。
主语恰是疑问词,直陈语序主在前。
一般情助加be done,双宾多将间宾变。
复合宾语宾变主,宾补、主补相应变。
主动变被动的例句:
1、主动:We have studied English for 3 years at the spare-time school.
被动:English has been studied by us for 3 years at the spare-time school.
我们已经在学校里学了三年英语了。
2、主动:They had produced 100 tractors by the end of last year.
被动:100 tractors had been produced by the end of last year.
到去年年底他们已生产出一百台拖拉机。
3、主动:They have set up a power station in their home town.
被动:A power station has been set up in their home town.
他们的家乡建立了一座发电站。