新概念英语第二册Lesson4~6重要句型及语法
新概念英语第二册Lesson4重要句型及语法
一、重要句型或语法
时态复习
现在完成时,表示过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响或结果,如:I have seen the film.该句可能暗含的潜台词是:我对这部电影的情节比较了解了或者我不愿意再看这部电影了。
1)标志性词语:already/just/yet/never/ever
2)常见时间状语:recently/lately;in the past/latest+一段时间;up to now/so far
3)have been to(去过已回)与have gone to(去了未回)的区别
4)瞬间动词(可用于完成时,但不能与一段时间连用)与持续动词的区别
5)since(+具体时间/时间点)与for(+一段时间/时间段)的区别
二、课文主要语言点
I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim. receive sth. from sb.,从某人处收到某物。句中的Tim是my brother的同位语,补充说明my brother的名字。
He has been there for six months. 句中用has been,不用has gone,是因为此处表达的是他已经在澳大利亚呆了6个月了。
He is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different places in Australia. work for...,表示为某人工作。firm一般是指较大规模的公司。a number of表示许多的、大量的,谓语动词用复数;注意与the number of(...的数量,谓语动词用单数)的区别。
He has just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice Springs, a small town in the centre of Australia. 句中用has gone to,不用has been to,是因为此时Tim人不在说话处,而是已经去了Alice Springs。a small town in the centre of Australia是Alice Springs的同位语,补充说明Alice Springs的具体位置。in the centre of,表示在...中心。
From there, he will fly to Perth. 句中的from there放到句首,属于句子尾重原则的运用,因为这句话的重点不在于他要从哪儿飞往Perth,而是要强调他将从Alice Springs飞往哪儿,所以要把from there提前。这么做,还可以起到承上启下的衔接作用。
My brother has never been abroad before, so he is find this trip very exciting. never...before,表示从未,如:She has never learned French before. 句中的find this trip very exciting是:动词+宾语+宾语补足语的用法,宾语补足语一般为形容词,如:He found the room empty. 他发现房间是空的。
三、读写重点
1、注意“...and has gone to Alice Springs, a small town in the centre of Australia”中的a small town in the centre of Australia是Alice Springs的同位语,补充说明其所在位置。
2、尾重:From there, he will fly to Perth.此处的From there放在句首,既承接了上文,又使得fly to Perth的动作得到了强调,是典型的尾重原则的运用。
新概念英语第二册Lesson5重要句型及语法
一、重要句型或语法
1、时态复习
1)一般过去时,表示过去发生的动作或状态,如:Yesterday, a pigeon carried the first message from Pinhurst to Silbury. / He was very tired after a whole day's work last night.
2)现在完成时,表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,如:He has just bought another garage in Pinhurst. / In this way, he has begun his own private 'telephone' service.
2、有关way的短语
1)in the way,表示挡路了或是按照某种方法/方式,如:The chair is in the way. / Do the job in the way your teacher has shown you.
2)on the way,表示在路上,如:On the way home, I bought some cakes for my daughter.
3)in this way,表示用这种方法,如:In this way, he has saved more than five thousand dollars.
4)by the way,表示顺便说一下,如:By the way, have you seen Tom recently?
5)in a way,表示在某种意义上,如:In a way, he is more than a teacher to us.
二、课文主要语言点
Mr. James Scott has a garage in Silbury and now he has just bought another garage in Pinhurst.
1)注意garage的读音,美式英语里一般读作/ɡə'rɑːʒ/,英式英语里一般读作/'ɡærɑːʒ/。
2)another一般用来修饰可数名词,而且名词只能用单数,注意与other和the other的区别:one...the other...是两者之间的一个和另一个;other+名词,表示其他的人或物,后面的名词要么用复数可数名词,要么用不可数名词;another一般表示再一个、又一个,而且经常用来指代3个或以上中的另一个。
Pinhurst is only five miles from Silbury, but Mr. Scott cannot get a telephone for his new garage, so he has just bought twelve pigeons.
1)...距离+from...,表示两地相距多远。
2)get...for...,表示为...拿到或取得...。
3)注意pigeon(多指家鸽)与dove(指较小品种的鸽,美国称为野鸽)的区别。
Yesterday, a pigeon carried the first message from Pinhurst to Silbury. carry a message,表示传递信息,相当于send a message。
The bird covered the distance in three minutes.
1)cover a distance of+距离,表示走过多远的距离。
2)in+时间段,表示在多长时间内,也可以用in+时间段+'/'s+time,经常用来表将来,如:The train will leave in two hours/in two hours' time。
Up to now, Mr. Scott has sent a great many requests for spare parts and other urgent messages from one garage to the other.
1)up to now,表示迄今为止、到现在为止,一般用于现在完成时。
2)a great many,表示许多、大量,相当于a great number of。
3)request,表示礼貌的要求或请求,注意与ask(较为口语化)require(较为生硬或强制性)的区别。
4)spare parts,表示零件。其中,spare表示空闲的、多余的。注意spare的一词多义和一词多类,可参考教材第30页中的难点分析。 part表示零件。
5)urgent,表示时间紧急的、紧迫的,注意与emergent(情况危急的)的区别。
In this way, he has begun his own private 'telephone' service. 1)private,表示私人的、隐私的,可参考第一课中的a private conversation。
2)service,表示业务、服务,来源于动词serve。server表示服务器或侍者。
三、读写重点
1、尾重:Yesterday, a pigeon carried the first message from Pinhurst to Silbury. 句中的yesterday放在句首,是为了凸显昨天到底发生了什么事情。类似的句子还有下文里出现的:Up to now, Mr. Scott has sent a great many requests for spare parts and other urgent messages from onte garage to the other.
2、衔接:In this way, he has begun his own private 'telephone' service. 句中的in this way表示按照这种方式,起到了承上启下的衔接作用,因为this指代的就是前面用鸽子传递信息的方式。此外,in this way后面用逗号隔开后,既是短语用法的需要,又凸显了后面的句子内容。
新概念英语第二册Lesson6重要句型及语法
一、重要句型或语法
1、冠词的用法
1)不定冠词a/an,如:a pen, an egg
2)定冠词the,如:A dog is barking at me. The dog is black and white.
3)零冠词,即不用冠词的情况,如人名和地名前面,如:John lives in London.
2、短语动词的用法
短语动词指的是后面跟上介词或副词后、意思会发生变化的动词。如:
1)I put your book on the shelf. / I put on my hat and left the house.
2)It was very hot, so I took off my coat. / Will you look after the children for me please?
二、课文主要语言点
I have just moved to a house in Bridge Street. 1)注意move to表示搬到什么地方,move into表示搬进什么地方。 2)注意地名Bridge Street里的每个单词的首字母都要大写。
Yesterday a beggar knocked at my door. 1)beggar来源于beg(请求,祈求),表乞丐。 2)knock at表示敲打。
He asked me for a meal and a glass of beer. ask sb. for sth.,表示向某人提出请求或要求。注意ask sb.表示询问某人。
In return for this, the beggar stood on his head and sang songs. 1)in return for sth.,作为对...的回报。 2)stand on one's head,表示倒立。
He ate the food and drank the beer. 1)本句为由and连接的并列句,而且前后结构完全一样,使得整句话颇有节奏感。 2)注意ate和drank作为不规则的过去式形式。
Then he put a piece of cheese in his pocket and went away. put ... in ...,表...放进什么地方。
Later a neighbour told me about him. 1)later表示后来、以后。 2)tell sb. about sth./sb.,告诉某人某事或某人。
Everybody knows him. 注意询问并给学生解释该句话为什么使用一般现在时,而不用一般过去时:因为该句话描述的有关这个beggar的一般情况。
He calls at every house in the street once a month and always asks for a meal and a glass of beer. 1)call at,表示拜访、光顾。 2)once a month,次数+时间单位,表示每隔段时间的频率是多少。
三、读写重点
1、注意课文中现在完成时、一般过去时和一般现在时的结合使用,学会根据实际情况来选择使用不同的时态。
2、注意once a month这种结构的频率的表达。
3、注意教材第34页难点中的有关knock的短语表达,即knock at(敲打)、knock...off(碰撞;打折)、knock off(下班)、knock...over(撞倒)、knock...out(打晕)。