如图是利用滑轮组匀速提升水中圆柱体M的示意图,滑轮组固定在钢架上,滑轮组中的两个滑轮质量相等 10
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:(1)对滑轮和物体做整体受力分析,如图1,对定滑轮做受力分析如图2所示,
∵h=3m,S=0.02m2,
∴V=0.06m3,h=3m,S=0.02m2,
∴V=0.06m3,
∴F浮=ρ水gV=1.0×103kg/m3×10N/kg×0.06m3=600N,
∵M全部浸没,则V=V排,
GM / F浮 =ρgV / ρ水gV排 =ρ / ρ水 =GM/ 600N
解得GM=2700N,
由已知可知:v=(15m−3m )/ 3×60s =1 / 15 m/s,
∵P=F•3v
∴F=P / 3v =160W / 3×1 / 15 m/s =800N,故C错误;
(2)由平衡条件:F浮+3F=G轮+GM,可得G轮=600N+3×800N-2700N=300N,
则T=2F+G轮=1600N+300N=1900N,故B错误;
(3)η=GM−F浮/ GM+G轮−F浮 ×100%=2700N−600N / 2700N+300N−600N ×100%=2100N/2400N×100%=87.5%,故选项D错误;
(4)∵绕在滑轮组上的绳子能承受的最大拉力为900N,连接圆柱体M与动滑轮挂钩的绳子能承受的最大拉力为3000N,
∴圆柱体M的下表面受到水的压力F1=300N,
∴p=F1/ s =300N/ 0.02m2=1.5×104Pa,故选项A正确.
:(1)对滑轮和物体做整体受力分析,如图1,对定滑轮做受力分析如图2所示,
∵h=3m,S=0.02m2,
∴V=0.06m3,h=3m,S=0.02m2,
∴V=0.06m3,
∴F浮=ρ水gV=1.0×103kg/m3×10N/kg×0.06m3=600N,
∵M全部浸没,则V=V排,
GM / F浮 =ρgV / ρ水gV排 =ρ / ρ水 =GM/ 600N
解得GM=2700N,
由已知可知:v=(15m−3m )/ 3×60s =1 / 15 m/s,
∵P=F•3v
∴F=P / 3v =160W / 3×1 / 15 m/s =800N,故C错误;
(2)由平衡条件:F浮+3F=G轮+GM,可得G轮=600N+3×800N-2700N=300N,
则T=2F+G轮=1600N+300N=1900N,故B错误;
(3)η=GM−F浮/ GM+G轮−F浮 ×100%=2700N−600N / 2700N+300N−600N ×100%=2100N/2400N×100%=87.5%,故选项D错误;
(4)∵绕在滑轮组上的绳子能承受的最大拉力为900N,连接圆柱体M与动滑轮挂钩的绳子能承受的最大拉力为3000N,
∴圆柱体M的下表面受到水的压力F1=300N,
∴p=F1/ s =300N/ 0.02m2=1.5×104Pa,故选项A正确.
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