Question

2013辽宁英语高考阅读理解D翻译

Indeed,” George Washington wrote in his diary in 1785, “some kind of fly, or bug, had begun to eat the leaves before I left home.” But the father of America was not the father of bug. When Washington wrote that, Englishmen hade been referring to insects as bugs for more than a century, and Americans had already created lightning-bug(萤火虫). But the English were soon to stop using the bugs in their language, leaving it to the Americans to call a bug a bug in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The American bug could also be a person, referring to someone who was crazy about a particular activity. Although fan became the usual term, sports fans used to be called racing bugs, baseball bugs, and the like. Or the bug could be a small machine or object, for example, a bug-shaped car. The bug could also be a burglar alarm, from which comes the expression to bug, that is, “to install (安装) an alarm”. Now it means a small piece of equipment that people use for listening secretly to others’ conversation. Since the 1840s, to bug has long meant “to cheat”, and since the 1940s it has been annoying. We also know the bug as a flaw in a computer program or other design. That meaning dates back to the time of Thomas Edison. In 1878 he explained bugs as “little problems and difficulties” that required months of study and labor to overcome in developing a successful product. In 1889 it was recorded that Edison “had been up the two previous nights discovering ‘a bug’ in his invented record player.”跪求翻译，着急，急！！！

Answer 1

这篇文章主要讲得就是“bug”这个单词随时间发展，其使用情况和单词含义的变化，以下为短文翻译：
“确实如此，”1785年乔治 华盛顿（美国第一任总统）在他的日记中写道“在我离开家之前，某种飞虫（fly）,或者说虫子（bug）已经开始啃食叶子了。”但虫子（bug）这个单词并不是美国之父（华盛顿）创造的。当华盛顿写下这句话的时候，英国人在1个多世纪之前，就把昆虫（insects）称为虫子（bug）了，而美国人也创造了“萤火虫（ lightning-bug）”这个单词。但英国人很快就在其语言中停止使用bug了，转而是美国人在19-20世纪，继续把虫子叫做虫子（bug）.在美式英语里，bug也可以用来指那些对某种活动痴迷狂热的人。尽管现在这种人被称为fan(粉丝)，但体育迷（sports fan）曾被叫做"比赛虫（racing bugs）"、棒球虫（baseball bugs）等等。bug还指小型机械或物体，比如甲壳虫形状的汽车。bug还可以指“防盗门铃”（名词），所以to bug(动词)的意思是“安装警铃”。现在bug又用来指代窃听人们谈话的小型设备。从19世纪40年代起，bug在很长一段时间里，有“欺骗”的意思。从20世纪40年代起，bug有了更让人郁闷的含义。大家都知道，电脑程序和其他设计中的缺陷就叫做“bug”。这一含义可以追溯到托马斯 爱迪生（美国著名发明家，1847年－1931年）的时代。在1878年，他将bugs解释为“在开发一款成功的产品过程中，需要花费数月的精力和体力加以解决的小麻烦和小困难”。在1889年，有记录称，爱迪生“通宵工作了2天，才在他发明的留声机里找到了bug(问题)”。