诺贝尔奖的英语简介并且有汉语翻译
Nobel Prize refers to the five awards established according to Nobel's will in 1895, including physics prize, chemistry prize, peace prize, physiology or medicine prize and literature prize.
To commend those who have "made the greatest contribution to mankind" in physics, chemistry, peace, physiology or medicine and literature; And the Nobel Prize in economics established by the Swedish central bank in 1968 to recognize people who have made outstanding contributions in the field of economics.
The Nobel Prize was first awarded in 1901, including the Nobel Prize in physics, the Nobel Prize in chemistry, the Nobel Peace Prize, the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine and the Nobel Prize in literature.
In 1968, the Swedish central bank added the "Swedish central bank commemorating the Nobel Prize for economic science", which was first awarded in 1969. It is customary to call this additional award the Nobel Prize for economics.
The Peace Prize is awarded in Oslo, Norway, while the other prizes are awarded in Stockholm, Sweden. The Nobel Prize is widely regarded as the most prestigious award available in the fields of literature, medicine, physics, chemistry, peace, and economics.
The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences awards the Nobel Prize in Physics, the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, and the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences; the Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institutet awards the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine; theSwedish Academy grants the Nobel Prize in Literature; and the Nobel Peace Prize is not awarded by a Swedish organisation but by the Norwegian Nobel Committee.
The various prizes are awarded yearly. Each recipient, or laureate, receives a gold medal, a diploma and a sum of money, which is decided by the Nobel Foundation. As of 2012, each prize was worth 8 million SEK (c. US$1.2 million, €0.93 million). The prize is not awarded posthumously; however, if a person is awarded a prize and dies before receiving it, the prize may still be presented. Though the average number of laureates per prize increased substantially during the 20th century, a prize may not be shared among more than three people.
诺贝尔文学奖（瑞典的发音： [ nobɛl瑞典正定的形式，奇异： Nobelpriset挪威： Nobelprisen ）是一组安置在多个类别的一年一度的国际奖项由瑞典和挪威的委员会，以表彰文化和/或科学进步。瑞典发明家阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔的意愿于1895年设立的奖品。在物理，化学，生理学或医学，文学与和平奖首次颁发于1901年。 的相关纪念诺贝尔经济科学奖创建于1968年。在1901年和2012年，被授予诺贝尔奖和经济科学奖的555倍至856个人和组织。随着一些获得诺贝尔奖不止一次，这使得一共有835名个人和21个组织。
在挪威奥斯陆颁发和平奖，而其他奖项都在瑞典斯德哥尔摩颁发。诺贝尔文学奖被广泛视为文学，医学，物理，化学，和平，和经济学领域最负盛名的奖项。
瑞典皇家科学院授予诺贝尔物理学奖，诺贝尔化学奖，纪念诺贝尔经济科学奖;诺贝尔大会奖项卡罗琳斯卡医学院诺贝尔生理学或医学奖，瑞典文学院授予诺贝尔文学奖文学和诺贝尔和平奖是不是由瑞典组织，而是由挪威诺贝尔委员会颁发。
各种奖项，每年颁发一次。每个收件人或获得者，获得了一枚金牌，一份证书和一笔钱，这是由诺贝尔基金会决定。截至2012年，各奖价值800亿瑞典克朗（约120万美元， € 0.93亿美元） 。奖追授然而，如果一个人颁了奖，去世前收到，奖品可能仍然被提出。 虽然每奖获得者的平均数量大幅增加，在20世纪，奖品可不超过3人之间共享。
从维基抄的文（英）和谷歌的翻译（中）
2013年的诺贝尔获得者
全部奖项吗？只要人名？
