杀死一只知更鸟小说英文内容简介
The novel is about a young man named Tom Robinson who is falsely accused of rape only because he is a black man.
该小说讲述一个名叫汤姆·鲁滨逊的年轻人,被人诬告犯了强奸罪后,只是因为是一个黑人。
Defense lawyer Atticus Finch, despite holding evidence that Tom was not a rapist, could not prevent the jury from coming to a conclusion that Tom was guilty. Tom died under the gun.
辩护律师阿蒂克斯·芬奇尽管握有汤姆不是强奸犯的证据,都无法阻止陪审团给出汤姆有罪的结论。此一妄加之罪,导致汤姆死于乱枪之下。
作品鉴赏
故事中的情节基于叙述者六岁时对家人和邻居生活的观察,主要反映种族的不公正和对无辜者的摧毁。小说主要分为两部分,第一部分主要叙述经济大萧条时期,在美国阿拉巴马州的梅科姆镇,斯库特和哥哥杰姆,还有一个名为迪儿的男孩对古怪、足不出户的邻居拉德利既着迷又害怕。
梅科姆镇的大人们也不愿谈论拉德利,多年来,很少见过他。孩子们对所传出的有关他的谣言和他隐居的深层原因充满了猜测与想象。第二部分主要叙述法院指定叙述者的父亲阿蒂克斯·芬奇为黑人男子汤姆・鲁滨逊的辩护律师。
汤姆·鲁滨逊被指控殴打并强奸年轻白人女子马耶拉·尤厄尔。阿蒂克斯·芬奇运用自己的职业技能找到了能够证明黑人汤姆无罪的证据,并将事实真相摆在所有陪审员和小镇居民的面前,但由于偏见,陪审团依旧对鲁滨逊做出了有罪裁决,被冤枉的鲁滨逊在判决当晚试图逃跑而被击毙。
2013-10-22
To Kill a Mockingbird is a novel by Harper Lee published in 1960. It was immediately successful, winning the Pulitzer Prize, and has become a classic of modern American literature. The plot and characters are loosely based on the author's observations of her family and neighbors, as well as on an event that occurred near her hometown in 1936, when she was 10 years old.
The novel is renowned for its warmth and humor, despite dealing with the serious issues of rape and racial inequality. The narrator's father, Atticus Finch, has served as a moral hero for many readers and as a model of integrity for lawyers. One critic explains the novel's impact by writing, "In the twentieth century, To Kill a Mockingbird is probably the most widely read book dealing with race in America, and its protagonist, Atticus Finch, the most enduring fictional image of racial heroism."
As a Southern Gothic novel and a Bildungsroman, the primary themes of To Kill a Mockingbird involve racial injustice and the destruction of innocence. Scholars have noted that Lee also addresses issues of class, courage, compassion, and gender roles in the American Deep South. The book is widely taught in schools in the United States with lessons that emphasize tolerance and decry prejudice. Despite its themes, To Kill a Mockingbird has been subject to campaigns for removal from public classrooms, often challenged for its use of racial epithets.
Reaction to the novel varied widely upon publication. Literary analysis of it is sparse, considering the number of copies sold and its widespread use in education. Author Mary McDonough Murphy, who collected individual impressions of the book by several authors and public figures, calls To Kill a Mockingbird "an astonishing phenomenon".In 2006, British librarians ranked the book ahead of the Bible as one "every adult should read before they die".[3] It was adapted into an Oscar-winning film in 1962 by director Robert Mulligan, with a screenplay by Horton Foote. Since 1990, a play based on the novel has been performed annually in Harper Lee's hometown of Monroeville, Alabama. To date this is Lee's only published novel, although Go Set a Watchman is scheduled to be published on July 14, 2015. Lee continues to respond to the book's impact even though she has refused any personal publicity for herself or the novel since 1964.
二、中文简介
《杀死一只知更鸟》(英语:To Kill a Mockingbird),直译应为“杀死一只反舌鸟”,台译“梅冈城故事”,是美国作家哈珀·李于1960年发行的小说,荣获当年度普利策奖。此书刚出版便获得极大成功,并成为美国现代文学的经典。小说的剧情与人物部分取材自作者对其家人与邻居的观察,以及一起发生在作者10岁时(1936年)故乡附近的一起事件。
虽然故事题材涉及种族不平等与强暴等严肃议题,其文风仍温暖风趣。小说以第一人称著成,叙述者的父亲阿提克斯·芬奇在书中为道德端正的角色,亦是正直律师的典范。一名评论家这样解释小说有巨大影响力的原因:“在二十世纪,《杀死一只知更鸟》大概是美国最广为阅读的种族相关书籍,而它的主角阿提克斯·芬奇则塑造了种族正义最不朽的小说形象。”
《杀死一只知更鸟》是一部南方哥德小说与教育小说,主题涉及种族歧视与滥判无辜。学者指出哈珀·李着墨于阶级、勇气、同理心,以及美国南部诸州性别角色议题。在英语系国家,《杀死一只知更鸟》常被纳入学校教材中,传递宽恕和反偏见的信息。《杀死一只知更鸟》也因其种族歧视性语言而被列为文学挑战性书目。
对小说的评价千差万别。虽然对小说的文学评论甚少,但因其销量巨大而在教育界广为使用。作家玛丽·麦克多诺·墨菲从一些作家和出版社那里搜集意见后,认为小说的成功是个“令人吃惊的现象”。[3]1962年,小说被改编为同名奥斯卡获奖电影。自1990年起,由小说改编的戏剧在作者故乡门罗维尔年年上演。至今为止,《杀死一只知更鸟》是李唯一出版的小说;虽然就此李对外界一直有回应,但她自1964年起拒绝对她个人或小说做任何宣传。
2013-10-22
《杀死一只知更鸟》属于那种比较老式的电影,影片有一种让人难以想象的真实感。影片中充满了对过去那种时代的缅怀之情,我们甚至能从电影中感受到那个时代的勇气与怀疑。一方面充满了浪漫主义色彩,另一方面又深受当时现实主义的影响,宛若一丝光明穿越黑暗的森林引领我们去寻找真理。影片根据哈伯。李的同名小说改编而成,格里高利。派克电影生涯中最具代表的作品之一。《杀死一只知更鸟》是好莱坞60年代初自由主义的先声。当时正值美国国内黑人与白人矛盾冲突激化之际,电影虽然说的是经济大萧条时的事情,其实正是影射当时国内的现状。