英文版《出师表》
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臣亮言：先帝创业未半而中道崩殂，今天下三分，益州疲弊，此诚危急存亡之秋也。
Permit me to observe: the late emperor was taken from us before he could finish his life's work, the restoration of the Han. Today, the empire is still divided in three, and our very survival is threatened.
然侍卫之臣不懈于内，忠志之士忘身于外者，盖追先帝之殊遇，欲报之于陛下也。
Yet still the officials at court and the soldiers throughout the realm remain loyal to you, your majesty. Because they remember the late emperor, all of them, and they wish to repay his kindness in service to you.
诚宜开张圣听，以光先帝遗德，恢弘志士之气，不宜妄自菲薄，引喻失义，以塞忠谏之路也。
This is the moment to extend your divine influence, to honor the memory of the late Emperor and strengthen the morale of your officers. It is not the time to listen to bad advice, or close your ears to the suggestions of loyal men.
亲贤臣，远小人，此先汉所以兴隆也;亲小人，远贤臣，此后汉所以倾颓也。
The emperors of the Western Han chose their courtiers wisely, and their dynasty flourished. The emperors of the Eastern Han chose poorly, and they doomed the empire to ruin.
先帝在时，每与臣论此事，未尝不叹息痛恨于桓、灵也。
Whenever the late Emperor discussed this problem with me, he lamented the failings of Emperors Huan and Ling.
……
臣本布衣，躬耕于南阳，苟全性命于乱世，不求闻达于诸侯。
I began as a common man, farming in my fields in Nanyang, doing what I could to survive in an age of chaos. I never had any interest in making a name for myself as a noble.
先帝不以臣卑鄙，猥自枉屈，三顾臣于草庐之中，咨臣以当世之事，由是感激，遂许先帝以驱驰。
The late Emperor was not ashamed to visit my cottage and seek my advice. Grateful for his regard, I responded to his appeal and threw myself into his service.
先帝知臣谨慎，故临崩寄臣以大事也。
The late Emperor always appreciated my caution and, in his final days, entrusted me with his cause.
受命以来，夙夜忧叹，恐托付不效，以伤先帝之明，故五月渡泸，深入不毛。
Since that moment, I have been tormented day and night by the fear that I might let him down. That is why I crossed the Lu river at the height of summer, and entered the wastelands beyond.
今南方已定，兵甲已足，当奖率三军，北定中原，庶竭驽钝，攘除奸凶，兴复汉室，还于旧都。
Now the south has been subdued, and our forces are fully armed. I should lead our soldiers to conquer the northern heartland and attempt to remove the hateful traitors, restore the house of Han, and return it to the former capital.
此臣所以报先帝而忠陛下之职分也。
This is the way I mean to honor my debt to the late Emperor and fulfill my duty to you.
愿陛下托臣以讨贼兴复之效，不效，则治臣之罪，以告先帝之灵。
My only desire is to be permitted to drive out the traitors and restore the Han. If I should let you down, punish my offense and report it to the spirit of the late Emperor.
陛下亦宜自谋，以咨诹善道，察纳雅言。深追先帝遗诏，臣不胜受恩感激。今当远离，临表涕零，不知所言。
Your Majesty, consider your course of action carefully. Seek out good advice, and never forget the late words of the late Emperor. I depart now on a long expedition, and I will be forever grateful if you heed my advice. Blinded by my own tears, I know not what I write.
扩展资料
《出师表》是三国时期蜀汉丞相诸葛亮在北伐中原之前给后主刘禅上书的表文，阐述了北伐的必要性以及对后主刘禅治国寄予的期望，言辞恳切，写出了诸葛亮的一片忠诚之心。历史上有《前出师表》。至于三国演义中的后出师表，并没有证实。通常所说的《出师表》一般指《前出师表》。表，古代向帝王上书陈情言事的一种文体。
诸葛亮（公元181—234年），字孔明，琅邪郡阳都县（今山东省沂南县）人，是三国时期杰出的政治家和军事家。早年避乱于荆州，隐居陇亩，藏器待时。建安十二年（公元207年）十月，刘备三顾茅庐，始出。
诸葛亮对他纵谈天下形势，并建议刘备联合孙权，抗拒曹操，以益州为基地，兴复汉室，此后一直佐刘备。建安十三年即联孙权，在赤壁打败曹操，取得荆州，西取益州，建立蜀汉，拜为丞相。公元223年刘备死后，后主刘禅袭位，诸葛亮尽心托孤，被封为武乡候，主持朝政。诸葛亮志在北伐，于是东连孙吴，南收孟获，频年出征，与曹魏交战，最后因病卒于五丈原。有《诸葛武侯集》。
参考资料
参考资料：《出师表》-百度百科
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臣亮言：先帝创业未半而中道崩殂，今天下三分，益州疲弊，此诚危急存亡之秋也。
Chen liangyan: the emperor has not been half-baked in the early days of the collapse of the road, today down three points, yizhou weakness, this serious crisis autumn.
然侍卫之臣不懈于内，忠志之士忘身于外者，盖追先帝之殊遇，欲报之于陛下也。
In the inner world, those who are loyal to the emperor forget themselves in the outer world.
诚宜开张圣听，以光先帝遗德，恢弘志士之气，不宜妄自菲薄，引喻失义，以塞忠谏之路也。
This is the moment to extend your divine influence, to honor the memory ofthe late Emperor and strengthen the morale of your officers. It is not the timeto listen to bad advice, or close your ears to the suggestions of loyal men.
亲贤臣，远小人，此先汉所以兴隆也;亲小人，远贤臣，此后汉所以倾颓也。
Good minister, far small man, the first han so xinglong also; Pro-small, far xian minister, since then han so decadent also.
先帝在时，每与臣论此事，未尝不叹息痛恨于桓、灵也。
Whenever the late Emperor discussed this problem with me, he lamented thefailings of Emperors Huan and Ling.
臣本布衣，躬耕于南阳，苟全性命于乱世，不求闻达于诸侯。
Chen cloth clothes, bow in nanyang, survival in the chaotic world, do not seek vassal.
先帝不以臣卑鄙，猥自枉屈，三顾臣于草庐之中，咨臣以当世之事，由是感激，遂许先帝以驱驰。
The first emperor was not mean, mischievous, three of his ministers in the grass, the minister to the matter of life, by gratitude, xu xian to drive
先帝知臣谨慎，故临崩寄臣以大事也。
The first emperor was cautious, so he sent the minister to a great matter.
受命以来，夙夜忧叹，恐托付不效，以伤先帝之明，故五月渡泸，深入不毛。
Since that moment, I have been tormented day and night by the fear that Imight let him down. That is why I crossed the Lu river at the height of summer,and entered the wastelands beyond.
今南方已定，兵甲已足，当奖率三军，北定中原，庶竭驽钝，攘除奸凶，兴复汉室，还于旧都。
Now the south has been subdued, and our forces are fully armed. I shouldlead our soldiers to conquer the northern heartland and attempt to remove thehateful traitors, restore the house of Han, and return it to the formercapital.
此臣所以报先帝而忠陛下之职分也。
This is the way I mean to honor my debt to the late Emperor and fulfill myduty to you.
愿陛下托臣以讨贼兴复之效，不效，则治臣之罪，以告先帝之灵。
My only desire is to be permitted to drive out the traitors and restore theHan. If I should let you down, punish my offense and report it to the spirit ofthe late Emperor.
陛下亦宜自谋，以咨诹善道，察纳雅言。深追先帝遗诏，臣不胜受恩感激。今当远离，临表涕零，不知所言。
Your majesty is also advised to seek advice from gen. He followed the emperor's will and was greatly indebted for his kindness. Today should be far away from the face of tears, do not know what to say.
Chen liangyan: the emperor has not been half-baked in the early days of the collapse of the road, today down three points, yizhou weakness, this serious crisis autumn.
然侍卫之臣不懈于内，忠志之士忘身于外者，盖追先帝之殊遇，欲报之于陛下也。
In the inner world, those who are loyal to the emperor forget themselves in the outer world.
诚宜开张圣听，以光先帝遗德，恢弘志士之气，不宜妄自菲薄，引喻失义，以塞忠谏之路也。
This is the moment to extend your divine influence, to honor the memory ofthe late Emperor and strengthen the morale of your officers. It is not the timeto listen to bad advice, or close your ears to the suggestions of loyal men.
亲贤臣，远小人，此先汉所以兴隆也;亲小人，远贤臣，此后汉所以倾颓也。
Good minister, far small man, the first han so xinglong also; Pro-small, far xian minister, since then han so decadent also.
先帝在时，每与臣论此事，未尝不叹息痛恨于桓、灵也。
Whenever the late Emperor discussed this problem with me, he lamented thefailings of Emperors Huan and Ling.
臣本布衣，躬耕于南阳，苟全性命于乱世，不求闻达于诸侯。
Chen cloth clothes, bow in nanyang, survival in the chaotic world, do not seek vassal.
先帝不以臣卑鄙，猥自枉屈，三顾臣于草庐之中，咨臣以当世之事，由是感激，遂许先帝以驱驰。
The first emperor was not mean, mischievous, three of his ministers in the grass, the minister to the matter of life, by gratitude, xu xian to drive
先帝知臣谨慎，故临崩寄臣以大事也。
The first emperor was cautious, so he sent the minister to a great matter.
受命以来，夙夜忧叹，恐托付不效，以伤先帝之明，故五月渡泸，深入不毛。
Since that moment, I have been tormented day and night by the fear that Imight let him down. That is why I crossed the Lu river at the height of summer,and entered the wastelands beyond.
今南方已定，兵甲已足，当奖率三军，北定中原，庶竭驽钝，攘除奸凶，兴复汉室，还于旧都。
Now the south has been subdued, and our forces are fully armed. I shouldlead our soldiers to conquer the northern heartland and attempt to remove thehateful traitors, restore the house of Han, and return it to the formercapital.
此臣所以报先帝而忠陛下之职分也。
This is the way I mean to honor my debt to the late Emperor and fulfill myduty to you.
愿陛下托臣以讨贼兴复之效，不效，则治臣之罪，以告先帝之灵。
My only desire is to be permitted to drive out the traitors and restore theHan. If I should let you down, punish my offense and report it to the spirit ofthe late Emperor.
陛下亦宜自谋，以咨诹善道，察纳雅言。深追先帝遗诏，臣不胜受恩感激。今当远离，临表涕零，不知所言。
Your majesty is also advised to seek advice from gen. He followed the emperor's will and was greatly indebted for his kindness. Today should be far away from the face of tears, do not know what to say.
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英文版《出师表》
Permit your servant, Liang, to observe: the late sovereign was
taken from us while his life's work, the restoration of the Han,
remained unfinished. Today, in a divided empire, our third, the
province of Yizhou, war-worn and under duress, faces a season of
crisis that threatens our very survival. Despite this, the
officials at court persevere in their tasks, and loyal-minded
officers throughout the realm dedicate themselves to you because
one and all they cherish the memory of the exceptional treatment
they enjoyed from the late sovereign and wish to repay it in
service to Your Majesty.
Truly this is a time to widen your sagely audience in order to
enhance the late Emperor's glorious virtue and foster the morale
of your dedicated officers. it would be unworthy of Your Majesty
to demean yourself by resorting to ill-chosen justifications
that would block the avenues of loyal remonstrance.
The royal court and the ministerial administration constitute a
single government. Both must be judged by one standard. Thsoe
who do evil and violate the codes, as well as those who are loyal
and good, must receive their due from the proper authorities.
This will make manifest Your Majesty's fair and enlightened
governance. Let no unseemly bias lead to different rules for
the court and the administration.
Privy counselors and imperial attendants like Guo Youzhi, Fei Yi,
and Dong Yun are all solid, reliable men, loyal of purpose, pur e
in motive. The late Emperor selected them for office so that they
would serve Your Majesty after his demise. In my own humble opinion,
consulting these men on palace affairs great or small before action
is taken will prevent errors and shortcomings and maximize advantages.
Xiang Chong, a general of fine character and fair-minded conduct,
profoundly versed in military matters, proved himself in battle
during the previous reign, and the late Emperor pronounced him
capable. That is why the assembly has recommended him for overall
command. In my humble opinion, General Xiang Chong should be
consulted on all military matters large or small to ensure harmony
in the ranks and the judicious use of personnel.
The Former Han thrived because its emperors stayed close to
worthy vassals and far from conniving courtiers. The opposite
policy led the Later Han to ruin. Whenever the late Emperor
discussed this problem with me, he decried the failings of
Emperors Huan and Ling. Privy counselors Guo Youzhi and Fei
Yi, Secretary Chen Zhen, Senior Adviser Zhang Yi, and Military
Counselor Jiang Wan are all men of shining integrity and unshakable
devotion. I beg Your Majesty to keep close to them and to trust
them, for that will strengthen our hopes for the resurgence of
the house of Han.
I began as a common man, toiling in my fields in Nanyang, doing
what I could to keep body and soul together in an age of disorder
and taking no interest in making a name for myself among the
lords of the realm. Though it was beneath the dignity of the
late Emperor to do so, he honored my thatched cottage to solicit
my counsel on the events of the day. Grateful for his regard, I
respond to his appeal and threw myself heart and soul into his
service.
Hard times followed for the cause of the late Emperor. I assumed
my duties at a critical moment for our defeated army, accepting
assignment in a period of direst danger. Now twenty-one years
have passed. The late Emperor always appreciated my meticulous
caution and, as the end neared, placed his great cause in my
hands. Since that moment, I have tormented myself right and
day lest I prove unworthy of his trust and thus discredit his
judgment.
That is why I crossed the River Lu in the summer heat and
penetrated the barren lands of the Man. Now, the south subdued,
our arms sufficing, it behooves me to marshal our soldiers to
conquer the northern heartland and do my humble best to remove
the hateful traitors, restore the house of Han, and return it
to the former capital. This is the way I mean to honor my debt
to the late Emperor and fulfill my duty to Your Majesty.
As for weighing the advantages of internal policy and making
loyal recommendations to Your Majesty, that is the responsibility
of Guo Youzhi, Fei Yi, and Dong Yun. My only desire is to obtain
and execute your commission to chasten the traitors and restore
the Han. Should I prove unfit, punish my offense and report it
to the spirit of the late Emperor. If those three vassals fail
to sustain Your Majesty’s virtue, then their negligence should
be publicized and censured.
Your Majesty, take counsel with yourself and consult widely on
the right course. Examine and adopt sound opinions, and never
forget the last edict of the late Emperor. Overwhelmed with
gratitude for the favor I have received from you, I now depart
on a distant campaign. Blinded by my tears falling on this
petition, I write I know not what.
Permit your servant, Liang, to observe: the late sovereign was
taken from us while his life's work, the restoration of the Han,
remained unfinished. Today, in a divided empire, our third, the
province of Yizhou, war-worn and under duress, faces a season of
crisis that threatens our very survival. Despite this, the
officials at court persevere in their tasks, and loyal-minded
officers throughout the realm dedicate themselves to you because
one and all they cherish the memory of the exceptional treatment
they enjoyed from the late sovereign and wish to repay it in
service to Your Majesty.
Truly this is a time to widen your sagely audience in order to
enhance the late Emperor's glorious virtue and foster the morale
of your dedicated officers. it would be unworthy of Your Majesty
to demean yourself by resorting to ill-chosen justifications
that would block the avenues of loyal remonstrance.
The royal court and the ministerial administration constitute a
single government. Both must be judged by one standard. Thsoe
who do evil and violate the codes, as well as those who are loyal
and good, must receive their due from the proper authorities.
This will make manifest Your Majesty's fair and enlightened
governance. Let no unseemly bias lead to different rules for
the court and the administration.
Privy counselors and imperial attendants like Guo Youzhi, Fei Yi,
and Dong Yun are all solid, reliable men, loyal of purpose, pur e
in motive. The late Emperor selected them for office so that they
would serve Your Majesty after his demise. In my own humble opinion,
consulting these men on palace affairs great or small before action
is taken will prevent errors and shortcomings and maximize advantages.
Xiang Chong, a general of fine character and fair-minded conduct,
profoundly versed in military matters, proved himself in battle
during the previous reign, and the late Emperor pronounced him
capable. That is why the assembly has recommended him for overall
command. In my humble opinion, General Xiang Chong should be
consulted on all military matters large or small to ensure harmony
in the ranks and the judicious use of personnel.
The Former Han thrived because its emperors stayed close to
worthy vassals and far from conniving courtiers. The opposite
policy led the Later Han to ruin. Whenever the late Emperor
discussed this problem with me, he decried the failings of
Emperors Huan and Ling. Privy counselors Guo Youzhi and Fei
Yi, Secretary Chen Zhen, Senior Adviser Zhang Yi, and Military
Counselor Jiang Wan are all men of shining integrity and unshakable
devotion. I beg Your Majesty to keep close to them and to trust
them, for that will strengthen our hopes for the resurgence of
the house of Han.
I began as a common man, toiling in my fields in Nanyang, doing
what I could to keep body and soul together in an age of disorder
and taking no interest in making a name for myself among the
lords of the realm. Though it was beneath the dignity of the
late Emperor to do so, he honored my thatched cottage to solicit
my counsel on the events of the day. Grateful for his regard, I
respond to his appeal and threw myself heart and soul into his
service.
Hard times followed for the cause of the late Emperor. I assumed
my duties at a critical moment for our defeated army, accepting
assignment in a period of direst danger. Now twenty-one years
have passed. The late Emperor always appreciated my meticulous
caution and, as the end neared, placed his great cause in my
hands. Since that moment, I have tormented myself right and
day lest I prove unworthy of his trust and thus discredit his
judgment.
That is why I crossed the River Lu in the summer heat and
penetrated the barren lands of the Man. Now, the south subdued,
our arms sufficing, it behooves me to marshal our soldiers to
conquer the northern heartland and do my humble best to remove
the hateful traitors, restore the house of Han, and return it
to the former capital. This is the way I mean to honor my debt
to the late Emperor and fulfill my duty to Your Majesty.
As for weighing the advantages of internal policy and making
loyal recommendations to Your Majesty, that is the responsibility
of Guo Youzhi, Fei Yi, and Dong Yun. My only desire is to obtain
and execute your commission to chasten the traitors and restore
the Han. Should I prove unfit, punish my offense and report it
to the spirit of the late Emperor. If those three vassals fail
to sustain Your Majesty’s virtue, then their negligence should
be publicized and censured.
Your Majesty, take counsel with yourself and consult widely on
the right course. Examine and adopt sound opinions, and never
forget the last edict of the late Emperor. Overwhelmed with
gratitude for the favor I have received from you, I now depart
on a distant campaign. Blinded by my tears falling on this
petition, I write I know not what.
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The First Ruler had accomplished but half his great task at his death. At this moment the empire is in three parts, and our country is weak; it is a most critical moment for us. Still, ministers are not remiss in the capital, and loyal and devoted soldiers sacrifice their lives abroad, for they still remember the special kindness of the First Ruler and wish to show their gratitude to him by service to Your Majesty. Therefore it would be indeed fitting that you should extend your holy virtue to glorify his virtuous memory in the stimulation of the will of your purposeful officers. Your Majesty should not lose yourself in the pursuit of mean things, quoting phrases to confound the eternal principles of rectitude, and so preventing remonstrance from honest people. One rule applies to the palace of the Emperor and the residence of a courtier; there must be one law rewarding the good and punishing the evil. Evil-doers and law-breakers, as also true and good people, should be dealt with according to their deserts by the officers concerned in order to manifest Your Majesty's impartial and enlightened administration. Partiality is wrong, as is one law for the court and another for the regions.
The High Ministers Fei Yi, Guo Youzhi, and Dong Yun are honest men, devotedly anxious to be loyal to the last degree; wherefore His Late Majesty chose them in his testament. My advice is to consult them in all Palace matters, great or small, before taking action. Your Majesty will reap the enormous advantage of having any failings corrected.
General Xiang Chong is a man of well-balanced temperament, versed in military matters, to whom, after testing him, the late Emperor applied the epithet 'capable'. The consensus of opinion is that Xiang Chong should be Grand Commander. My advice is to consult him in all military matters, great or small, whereby your military forces will yield their maximum, each one being employed to the best advantage.
Attract worthy people; repel mean ones. This policy achieved the glory of the Former Hans, while its reversal ruined the Latter Hans. When the late Emperor was with us, he often discussed this with your servant, and he took much to heart the story of Emperors Huan and Ling.
The Chair of the Secretariat Chen Zhen, Commander Zhang Si, and Minister Jiang Wan are both incorruptible and enlightened people, honest to the death. I wish that Your Majesty should have them near and hold them in confidence. If this be done, then the glory of the House of Han will be quickly consummated.
I was originally a private person, a farmer in Nanyang, concerned only to secure personal safety in a troubled age and not seeking conversation with the contending nobles. His Late Majesty, the First Ruler, overlooking the commonness of my origin, condescended to seek me thrice in my humble cot and consult me on the trend of events. His magnanimity affected me deeply, and I consented to do my utmost for him. Then came defeat, and I took office at a moment of darkest outlook and at a most difficult crisis. This is twenty-one years ago. The First Ruler recognized my diligent care, and when dying he confided the great task to me. From that day I have lived a life of anxiety lest I should fail in my trust and so dim his glory.
That is why I undertook the expedition to the lands beyond the River Lu. Now the Southern Mangs has been quelled, and our army is in good condition. I ought to lead it against the north, where I may meet with a measure of success in the removal of the wicked ones, the restoration of Han, and a return to the old capital. This is my duty out of gratitude to the late Emperor and loyalty to Your Majesty. As to a discussion of the pros and cons and giving a true version of the whole matter, that belongs to Guo Youzhi and Fei Yi and Dong Yun. I desire Your Majesty to confide to me the task of slaying the rebels and restoring the Hans. If I fail, then punish me by telling the spirit of the late Emperor. If you know not what restoration implies, that is the fault of your advisers.
Your Majesty should take pains to be guided into the right path and examine carefully what is laid before you, carefully remembering the late Emperor's testament.
I cannot express what would be my delight if you had the goodness to accept and act on my advice.
Now I am about to depart on a distant expedition, I write this with tears and clearly know what I have said.
花了好多时间找来的，好帅呀~~
原文：
先帝创业未半，而中道崩殂；今天下三分，益州疲敝，此诚危急存亡之秋也。
然侍卫之臣，不懈于内；忠志之士，忘身于外者：盖追先帝之殊遇，欲报之于陛下也。诚宜
开张圣听，以光先帝遗德，恢弘志士之气；不宜妄自菲薄，引喻失义，以塞忠谏之路也。宫
中府中，俱为一体；陟罚臧否，不宜异同：若有作奸犯科，及为忠善者，宜付有司，论其刑
赏，以昭陛下平明之治；不宜偏私，使内外异法也。侍中、侍郎郭攸之、费依、董允等，此
皆良实，志虑忠纯，是以先帝简拔以遗陛下：愚以为宫中之事，事无大小，悉以咨之，然后
施行，必得裨补阙漏，有所广益。将军向宠，性行淑均，晓畅军事，试用之于昔日，先帝称
之曰“能”，是以众议举宠为督：愚以为营中之事，事无大小，悉以咨之，必能使行阵和
穆，优劣得所也。亲贤臣，远小人，此先汉所以兴隆也；亲小人，远贤臣，此后汉所以倾颓
也。先帝在时，每与臣论此事，未尝不叹息痛恨于桓、灵也！侍中、尚书、长史、参军，此
悉贞亮死节之臣也，愿陛下亲之、信之，则汉室之隆，可计日而待也。
臣本布衣，躬耕南阳，苟全性命于乱世，不求闻达于诸侯。先帝不以臣卑鄙，猥自枉
屈，三顾臣于草庐之中，谘臣以当世之事，由是感激，遂许先帝以驱驰。后值倾覆，受任于
败军之际，奉命于危难之间：尔来二十有一年矣。先帝知臣谨慎，故临崩寄臣以大事也。受
命以来，夙夜忧虑，恐付托不效，以伤先帝之明；故五月渡泸，深入不毛。今南方已定，甲
兵已足，当奖帅三军，北定中原，庶竭驽钝，攘除奸凶，兴复汉室，还于旧都：此臣所以报
先帝而忠陛下之职分也。至于斟酌损益，进尽忠言，则攸之、依、允等之任也。愿陛下托臣
以讨贼兴复之效，不效则治臣之罪，以告先帝之灵；若无兴复之言，则责攸之、依、允等之
咎，以彰其慢。陛下亦宜自谋，以谘诹善道，察纳雅言，深追先帝遗诏。臣不胜受恩感激！
今当远离，临表涕泣，不知所云。
The High Ministers Fei Yi, Guo Youzhi, and Dong Yun are honest men, devotedly anxious to be loyal to the last degree; wherefore His Late Majesty chose them in his testament. My advice is to consult them in all Palace matters, great or small, before taking action. Your Majesty will reap the enormous advantage of having any failings corrected.
General Xiang Chong is a man of well-balanced temperament, versed in military matters, to whom, after testing him, the late Emperor applied the epithet 'capable'. The consensus of opinion is that Xiang Chong should be Grand Commander. My advice is to consult him in all military matters, great or small, whereby your military forces will yield their maximum, each one being employed to the best advantage.
Attract worthy people; repel mean ones. This policy achieved the glory of the Former Hans, while its reversal ruined the Latter Hans. When the late Emperor was with us, he often discussed this with your servant, and he took much to heart the story of Emperors Huan and Ling.
The Chair of the Secretariat Chen Zhen, Commander Zhang Si, and Minister Jiang Wan are both incorruptible and enlightened people, honest to the death. I wish that Your Majesty should have them near and hold them in confidence. If this be done, then the glory of the House of Han will be quickly consummated.
I was originally a private person, a farmer in Nanyang, concerned only to secure personal safety in a troubled age and not seeking conversation with the contending nobles. His Late Majesty, the First Ruler, overlooking the commonness of my origin, condescended to seek me thrice in my humble cot and consult me on the trend of events. His magnanimity affected me deeply, and I consented to do my utmost for him. Then came defeat, and I took office at a moment of darkest outlook and at a most difficult crisis. This is twenty-one years ago. The First Ruler recognized my diligent care, and when dying he confided the great task to me. From that day I have lived a life of anxiety lest I should fail in my trust and so dim his glory.
That is why I undertook the expedition to the lands beyond the River Lu. Now the Southern Mangs has been quelled, and our army is in good condition. I ought to lead it against the north, where I may meet with a measure of success in the removal of the wicked ones, the restoration of Han, and a return to the old capital. This is my duty out of gratitude to the late Emperor and loyalty to Your Majesty. As to a discussion of the pros and cons and giving a true version of the whole matter, that belongs to Guo Youzhi and Fei Yi and Dong Yun. I desire Your Majesty to confide to me the task of slaying the rebels and restoring the Hans. If I fail, then punish me by telling the spirit of the late Emperor. If you know not what restoration implies, that is the fault of your advisers.
Your Majesty should take pains to be guided into the right path and examine carefully what is laid before you, carefully remembering the late Emperor's testament.
I cannot express what would be my delight if you had the goodness to accept and act on my advice.
Now I am about to depart on a distant expedition, I write this with tears and clearly know what I have said.
花了好多时间找来的，好帅呀~~
原文：
先帝创业未半，而中道崩殂；今天下三分，益州疲敝，此诚危急存亡之秋也。
然侍卫之臣，不懈于内；忠志之士，忘身于外者：盖追先帝之殊遇，欲报之于陛下也。诚宜
开张圣听，以光先帝遗德，恢弘志士之气；不宜妄自菲薄，引喻失义，以塞忠谏之路也。宫
中府中，俱为一体；陟罚臧否，不宜异同：若有作奸犯科，及为忠善者，宜付有司，论其刑
赏，以昭陛下平明之治；不宜偏私，使内外异法也。侍中、侍郎郭攸之、费依、董允等，此
皆良实，志虑忠纯，是以先帝简拔以遗陛下：愚以为宫中之事，事无大小，悉以咨之，然后
施行，必得裨补阙漏，有所广益。将军向宠，性行淑均，晓畅军事，试用之于昔日，先帝称
之曰“能”，是以众议举宠为督：愚以为营中之事，事无大小，悉以咨之，必能使行阵和
穆，优劣得所也。亲贤臣，远小人，此先汉所以兴隆也；亲小人，远贤臣，此后汉所以倾颓
也。先帝在时，每与臣论此事，未尝不叹息痛恨于桓、灵也！侍中、尚书、长史、参军，此
悉贞亮死节之臣也，愿陛下亲之、信之，则汉室之隆，可计日而待也。
臣本布衣，躬耕南阳，苟全性命于乱世，不求闻达于诸侯。先帝不以臣卑鄙，猥自枉
屈，三顾臣于草庐之中，谘臣以当世之事，由是感激，遂许先帝以驱驰。后值倾覆，受任于
败军之际，奉命于危难之间：尔来二十有一年矣。先帝知臣谨慎，故临崩寄臣以大事也。受
命以来，夙夜忧虑，恐付托不效，以伤先帝之明；故五月渡泸，深入不毛。今南方已定，甲
兵已足，当奖帅三军，北定中原，庶竭驽钝，攘除奸凶，兴复汉室，还于旧都：此臣所以报
先帝而忠陛下之职分也。至于斟酌损益，进尽忠言，则攸之、依、允等之任也。愿陛下托臣
以讨贼兴复之效，不效则治臣之罪，以告先帝之灵；若无兴复之言，则责攸之、依、允等之
咎，以彰其慢。陛下亦宜自谋，以谘诹善道，察纳雅言，深追先帝遗诏。臣不胜受恩感激！
今当远离，临表涕泣，不知所云。
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Permit your servant, Liang, to observe: the late sovereign was
taken from us while his life's work, the restoration of the Han,
remained unfinished. Today, in a divided empire, our third, the
province of Yizhou, war-worn and under duress, faces a season of
crisis that threatens our very survival. Despite this, the
officials at court persevere in their tasks, and loyal-minded
officers throughout the realm dedicate themselves to you because
one and all they cherish the memory of the exceptional treatment
they enjoyed from the late sovereign and wish to repay it in
service to Your Majesty.
Truly this is a time to widen your sagely audience in order to
enhance the late Emperor's glorious virtue and foster the morale
of your dedicated officers. it would be unworthy of Your Majesty
to demean yourself by resorting to ill-chosen justifications
that would block the avenues of loyal remonstrance.
The royal court and the ministerial administration constitute a
single government. Both must be judged by one standard. Thsoe
who do evil and violate the codes, as well as those who are loyal
and good, must receive their due from the proper authorities.
This will make manifest Your Majesty's fair and enlightened
governance. Let no unseemly bias lead to different rules for
the court and the administration.
Privy counselors and imperial attendants like Guo Youzhi, Fei Yi,
and Dong Yun are all solid, reliable men, loyal of purpose, pure
in motive. The late Emperor selected them for office so that they
would serve Your Majesty after his demise. In my own humble opinion,
consulting these men on palace affairs great or small before action
is taken will prevent errors and shortcomings and maximize advantages.
Xiang Chong, a general of fine character and fair-minded conduct,
profoundly versed in military matters, proved himself in battle
during the previous reign, and the late Emperor pronounced him
capable. That is why the assembly has recommended him for overall
command. In my humble opinion, General Xiang Chong should be
consulted on all military matters large or small to ensure harmony
in the ranks and the judicious use of personnel.
The Former Han thrived because its emperors stayed close to
worthy vassals and far from conniving courtiers. The opposite
policy led the Later Han to ruin. Whenever the late Emperor
discussed this problem with me, he decried the failings of
Emperors Huan and Ling. Privy counselors Guo Youzhi and Fei
Yi, Secretary Chen Zhen, Senior Adviser Zhang Yi, and Military
Counselor Jiang Wan are all men of shining integrity and unshakable
devotion. I beg Your Majesty to keep close to them and to trust
them, for that will strengthen our hopes for the resurgence of
the house of Han.
I began as a common man, toiling in my fields in Nanyang, doing
what I could to keep body and soul together in an age of disorder
and taking no interest in making a name for myself among the
lords of the realm. Though it was beneath the dignity of the
late Emperor to do so, he honored my thatched cottage to solicit
my counsel on the events of the day. Grateful for his regard, I
respond to his appeal and threw myself heart and soul into his
service.
Hard times followed for the cause of the late Emperor. I assumed
my duties at a critical moment for our defeated army, accepting
assignment in a period of direst danger. Now twenty-one years
have passed. The late Emperor always appreciated my meticulous
caution and, as the end neared, placed his great cause in my
hands. Since that moment, I have tormented myself right and
day lest I prove unworthy of his trust and thus discredit his
judgment.
That is why I crossed the River Lu in the summer heat and
penetrated the barren lands of the Man. Now, the south subdued,
our arms sufficing, it behooves me to marshal our soldiers to
conquer the northern heartland and do my humble best to remove
the hateful traitors, restore the house of Han, and return it
to the former capital. This is the way I mean to honor my debt
to the late Emperor and fulfill my duty to Your Majesty.
As for weighing the advantages of internal policy and making
loyal recommendations to Your Majesty, that is the responsibility
of Guo Youzhi, Fei Yi, and Dong Yun. My only desire is to obtain
and execute your commission to chasten the traitors and restore
the Han. Should I prove unfit, punish my offense and report it
to the spirit of the late Emperor. If those three vassals fail
to sustain Your Majesty’s virtue, then their negligence should
be publicized and censured.
Your Majesty, take counsel with yourself and consult widely on
the right course. Examine and adopt sound opinions, and never
forget the last edict of the late Emperor. Overwhelmed with
gratitude for the favor I have received from you, I now depart
on a distant campaign. Blinded by my tears falling on this
petition, I write I know not what.
taken from us while his life's work, the restoration of the Han,
remained unfinished. Today, in a divided empire, our third, the
province of Yizhou, war-worn and under duress, faces a season of
crisis that threatens our very survival. Despite this, the
officials at court persevere in their tasks, and loyal-minded
officers throughout the realm dedicate themselves to you because
one and all they cherish the memory of the exceptional treatment
they enjoyed from the late sovereign and wish to repay it in
service to Your Majesty.
Truly this is a time to widen your sagely audience in order to
enhance the late Emperor's glorious virtue and foster the morale
of your dedicated officers. it would be unworthy of Your Majesty
to demean yourself by resorting to ill-chosen justifications
that would block the avenues of loyal remonstrance.
The royal court and the ministerial administration constitute a
single government. Both must be judged by one standard. Thsoe
who do evil and violate the codes, as well as those who are loyal
and good, must receive their due from the proper authorities.
This will make manifest Your Majesty's fair and enlightened
governance. Let no unseemly bias lead to different rules for
the court and the administration.
Privy counselors and imperial attendants like Guo Youzhi, Fei Yi,
and Dong Yun are all solid, reliable men, loyal of purpose, pure
in motive. The late Emperor selected them for office so that they
would serve Your Majesty after his demise. In my own humble opinion,
consulting these men on palace affairs great or small before action
is taken will prevent errors and shortcomings and maximize advantages.
Xiang Chong, a general of fine character and fair-minded conduct,
profoundly versed in military matters, proved himself in battle
during the previous reign, and the late Emperor pronounced him
capable. That is why the assembly has recommended him for overall
command. In my humble opinion, General Xiang Chong should be
consulted on all military matters large or small to ensure harmony
in the ranks and the judicious use of personnel.
The Former Han thrived because its emperors stayed close to
worthy vassals and far from conniving courtiers. The opposite
policy led the Later Han to ruin. Whenever the late Emperor
discussed this problem with me, he decried the failings of
Emperors Huan and Ling. Privy counselors Guo Youzhi and Fei
Yi, Secretary Chen Zhen, Senior Adviser Zhang Yi, and Military
Counselor Jiang Wan are all men of shining integrity and unshakable
devotion. I beg Your Majesty to keep close to them and to trust
them, for that will strengthen our hopes for the resurgence of
the house of Han.
I began as a common man, toiling in my fields in Nanyang, doing
what I could to keep body and soul together in an age of disorder
and taking no interest in making a name for myself among the
lords of the realm. Though it was beneath the dignity of the
late Emperor to do so, he honored my thatched cottage to solicit
my counsel on the events of the day. Grateful for his regard, I
respond to his appeal and threw myself heart and soul into his
service.
Hard times followed for the cause of the late Emperor. I assumed
my duties at a critical moment for our defeated army, accepting
assignment in a period of direst danger. Now twenty-one years
have passed. The late Emperor always appreciated my meticulous
caution and, as the end neared, placed his great cause in my
hands. Since that moment, I have tormented myself right and
day lest I prove unworthy of his trust and thus discredit his
judgment.
That is why I crossed the River Lu in the summer heat and
penetrated the barren lands of the Man. Now, the south subdued,
our arms sufficing, it behooves me to marshal our soldiers to
conquer the northern heartland and do my humble best to remove
the hateful traitors, restore the house of Han, and return it
to the former capital. This is the way I mean to honor my debt
to the late Emperor and fulfill my duty to Your Majesty.
As for weighing the advantages of internal policy and making
loyal recommendations to Your Majesty, that is the responsibility
of Guo Youzhi, Fei Yi, and Dong Yun. My only desire is to obtain
and execute your commission to chasten the traitors and restore
the Han. Should I prove unfit, punish my offense and report it
to the spirit of the late Emperor. If those three vassals fail
to sustain Your Majesty’s virtue, then their negligence should
be publicized and censured.
Your Majesty, take counsel with yourself and consult widely on
the right course. Examine and adopt sound opinions, and never
forget the last edict of the late Emperor. Overwhelmed with
gratitude for the favor I have received from you, I now depart
on a distant campaign. Blinded by my tears falling on this
petition, I write I know not what.
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