if 与whether用法的区别
if 与whether用法的区别
一、引导宾语从句,一般既可用whether也可用if。但
1 or not放在whether之后时,只能用whether不用if。
I don’t know whether or not he will e. 我不知道他是不是回来。
注1:如果or not放在whether所引导的从句句尾,则可以用if来替换。
I don’t know whether/if he will e or not.我不知道他是不是回来。
2 在强调任意选择时,用whether…or,此时不用if替换whether。
He asked me whether I wanted to go there by train or by bus.他问我是想乘火车还是坐公共汽车去那里。
注:whether和or一起还有“不管”之意,引导让步状语从句。
Whether he drives or takes the train, he will be here on time.不管开车来还是乘火车来,他都会准时到。
3 虽引导宾语从句,但为了强调宾语部分,也可把从句放在句首,此时只用whether不用if。
Whether he will e I am not sure.他是不是来我拿不准。
4 从句作介词宾语时只用whether不用if。
It depends on whether it will be fine.那得看是不是晴天。
5 作discuss等动词的宾语时,用whether不用if。
We discussed whether we should close the shop.我们讨论是不是该关掉商店。
6 句子中有if引导的条件句,如再有表示“是否”的宾语从句,用whether不用if。
He asked me whether I’d move to New York if I got the job.他问我如果我得到那份工作是否会搬家到纽约。
7 容易产生歧义时用whether不用if来表示“是否”。
Please let me know if you need help. 如果你需要帮助请告诉我。或:请告诉我你是否需要帮助。对比:Please let me know if you need help.请告诉我你是否需要帮助。
8 如果宾语从句为否定句时,则只用if不用whether。
I don’t know if it won't rain tomorrow..我不知道明天是不是会下雨。
二、在引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时一般用whether不用if。如:
⑴Whether it is true remains a question.(主语从句)那是不是真的还是个问题。
⑵The question is whether it is true.(表语从句)问题是是不是真的。
⑶We have a doubt whether it is true.(同位语从句) 我们怀疑那是不是真的。
注:whether引导主语从句放在主句之后时可用if来代替。
It is unclear whether/if he likes the present.他是不是喜欢那个礼物还不清楚。
三、用在动词不定式之前时用whether不用if。
I don’t know whether to go there at once. 我不知道是不是该立刻去那里。
whether与if的用法及区别
whether与if作“是否”讲,在用法上有相同之处,也有不同之处。
一、相同之处。
1.whether和if都能引导宾语从句,常置于see,ask,learn,tell,wonder,doubt,find out等动词之后。
如:He asked me whether/is I could help him. I want to know whether/if he lives there.
2.whether和if都可用it作形式主语从句中。如: it's uncertain whether/if he'll e this evening.
3.在be uncertain/doubtful之后,常用whether引导宾语从句,有时也可以用if,如: We are uncertain whether/if Mary will e.
二、不同之处。
1.whether可置于句首引导主语从句,而if不能。如: ___the 2000 Olympic Games will be in Beijing is not known yet. A.whether B.If C.Whether D.That 答案是C。
2.whether可用在介词之后,引导宾语从句,而If则不能。如: Suess depends on whether we make evough effort.
3.whether可引导表语从句,if则不能。如: The puestion is whether it is not worthdoing.
4.在名词之后引导同位语从句时,用whether而不用if。如: The puestion whether the students answered correctly should be decided by the teacher.
5.whether后可接不定式,而if不能。如: Please tell us whether to go or stay here.
6.在有些动词(如discuss)之后,只能用whether,而不用if引导宾语从句。如: We discussed whether we should close the shop.
7.在引导否定概念in宾语从句时,只能用if,而不用whether.如:he asked me if I hadn't finished my work.
I don`t know whether he will go.可以
高中英语whether和if用法的区别
whether和if的用法区别
whether与if作“是否”讲,在用法上有相同之处,也有不同之处.
一、相同之处.
1.whether和if都能引导宾语从句,常置于see,ask,learn,tell,wonder,doubt,find out等动词之后.
如:He asked me whether/is I could help him.I want to know whether/if he lives there.
2.whether和if都可用it作形式主语从句中.如:it's uncertain whether/if he'll e this evening.
3.在be uncertain/doubtful之后,常用whether引导宾语从句,有时也可以用if,如:We are uncertain whether/if Mary will e.
二、不同之处.
1.whether可置于句首引导主语从句,而if不能.如:___the 2000 Olympic Games will be in Beijing is not known yet.A.whether B.If C.Whether D.That 答案是C.
2.whether可用在介词之后,引导宾语从句,而If则不能.如:Suess depends on whether we make evough effort.
3.whether可引导表语从句,if则不能.如:The puestion is whether it is not worthdoing.
4.在名词之后引导同位语从句时,用whether而不用if.如:The puestion whether the students answered correctly should be decided by the teacher.
5.whether后可接不定式,而if不能.如:Please tell us whether to go or stay here.
6.在有些动词(如discuss)之后,只能用whether,而不用if引导宾语从句.如:We discussed whether we should close the shop.
7.在引导否定概念in宾语从句时,只能用if,而不用whether.如:he asked me if I hadn't finished my work.
shall与will用法的区别及它两过去式用法的区别
助动词shall和will的用法和区别
shall和will作为助动词可以与动词原形一起构成一般将来时。例如:
He will go to Shanghai.
他要去上海。
I shall not e if it rains tomorrow.
如明天下雨我就不来。
shall和will作为助动词可以与动词原形一起构成一般将来时,例如:
I shall study harder at English. 我将更加努力地学习英语。
He will go to Shanghai. 他要去上海。
说明:
在过去的语法中,语法学家说shall用于第一人称,will 只用于第二、第三人称。现在,尤其是在口语中,will常用于第一人称,但shall只用于第一人称,如用于第二、第三人称,就失去助动词的意义,已变为情态动词,试比较:
He shall e. 他必须来。(shall有命令的意味。)
He will e. 他要来。(will只与动词原形构成一般将来时。)
1)should无词义,只是shall的过去形式,与动词原形构成过去将来时,只用于第一人称,例如:
I telephoned him yesterday to ask what I should do next week.
我昨天给他打电话,问他我下周干什么。
比较:
"What shall I do next week?" I asked.
"我下周干什么?"我问道。(可以说,shall变成间接引语时,变成了should。)
2) would也无词义,是will的过去形式,与动词原形构成过去将来时,用于第二、第三人称,例如:
He said he would e. 他说他要来。
比较:
"I will go," he said. 他说:"我要去那儿。"
变成间接引语,就成了:
He said he would e.
原来的will变成would,go变成了e.。
My brother will leave for the United States next week.
我的哥哥下星期要到美国去。
在过去的语法中,语法学家说shall用于第一人称,will 只用于第二、第三人称。现在,尤其是在口语中,will也常用于第一人称。
关于“shall/will”的用法的五个规则:
① 说或写都尽量使用“I'll,You'll,He'll,She'll,It'll,We'll,They'll …”的简缩形。例如:
I'll answer your question.
You'll read my blog.
He'll point out my mistake.
She'll like my essays.
It'll be a hot night for me.
We'll go to bed.
They'll wake up here.
②要表达主语的“意志”,通常都用“will”(文法上称为意志将来)。
I won't see him again.
我不愿意再和他见面。
Who will go and help that poor old man?
谁愿意去帮助那个可怜的老人?
Mary will. (玛丽愿意。)
③说话者要把自己的“意志”表达或行使出去,通常用“shall”。
You shall not do that again.
你不可以再做那样的事。
He shall return that book tomorrow.
明天他必须把那本书归还。
④第一人称问句使用“shall”。
Shall I call you a taxi?
需要我替你叫一辆计程车吗?
Shall we tell her the truth?
我们可以把实情告诉她吗?
⑤问句是“Shall…?”,答句就用“shall ~”;问句用“Will …?”,答句就用“will ~ ”。
Shall you go to school tomorrow?
你明天须要上学去吗?
Yes,I shall. We'll have an exam.
是的,我必须去。我们明天有考试。
Will you go to school with me tomorrow?
明天你要不要和我一道去学校?
No,I won't. I'm going on a piic.
我不要。我已定好要去郊游。
注:Let's …的附加疑问通常使用“…,shall we ?”。
Let's have a rest,shall we?
我们休息一下,怎样?
一般将来时除了使用“shall/will + V…”以外,也可以使用下列的几种句式来表达。
1.be going to + V … (即将会……;打算将……)
It is going to rain. Take an umbrella with you.
带一把伞去。看样子就要下雨了。
The Browns are going to move to Australia.
布朗先生全家打算迁移到澳大利亚去。
2.be about to + V (即将……,指紧接着要发生的动作。)
Let's wait a minute. He is about to arrive.
我们等一下。他即将会到达。
3.be + V-ing …(定于……,指接近的将来动作。)
He is leaving for Hong Kong tomorrow morning.
他定于明天早晨到香港去。
4.be + to V (定于……,指预定的将来动作。)
She is to be here at 9:00 a.m. tomorrow.
她定于明晨九时到达这里。
5.V-(e)s (定于……,指接近的将来动作,但不如第3项主观。)
He leaves for Hong Kong tomorrow morning.
as与like用法的区别
楼上说的很详细,但有点罗嗦。
简单说:
like 在BrE.中表示比较时,作为介词,即引导方式状语,后不跟动词(助动词)。但在美国英语中,无所谓,也当作conj.= as-
BrE. He walks like his father. 不说:He walks like his father does =walks.
He walsk as his father does. 不说:He walks as his father.
但AmE:
He walks like his father. = He walks like his father does. = He walks as his father does.
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