Question

linux 怎么部署mysql数据库

Answer 1

创建用于执行mysql服务程序的帐号：

[root@linuxprobe cmake-2.8.11.2]# cd ..
[root@linuxprobe src]# useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin

创建数据库程序和文件的目录，并设置目录的所属与所组：
[root@linuxprobe src]# mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/var
[root@linuxprobe src]# chown -Rf mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql

安装Mysql服务程序（解压与编译过程已省略）：
[root@linuxprobe src]# tar xzvf mysql-5.6.19.tar.gz
[root@linuxprobe src]# cd mysql-5.6.19/
[root@linuxprobe mysql-5.6.19]# cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/var -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc
[root@linuxprobe mysql-5.6.19]# make
[root@linuxprobe mysql-5.6.19]# make install
删除系统默认的配置文件：
[root@linuxprobe mysql-5.6.19]# rm -rf /etc/my.cnf

生成系统数据库（生成信息已省略）：
[root@linuxprobe mysql-5.6.19]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[root@linuxprobe mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/var
创建配置文件的软连接文件：
[root@linuxprobe mysql]# ln -s my.cnf /etc/my.cnf

将mysqld服务程序添加到开机启动项：
[root@linuxprobe mysql]# cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
[root@linuxprobe mysql]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@linuxprobe mysql]# chkconfig mysqld on

编辑启动项的配置文件：
[root@linuxprobe mysql]# vim /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
//分别修改第46与47行，basedir为程序安装路径，datadir为数据库存放目录。
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/var

重启mysqld服务程序：
[root@localhost mysql]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!

把mysql服务程序命令目录添加到环境变量中（永久生效）：
[root@linuxprobe mysql]# vim /etc/profile
//在配置文件的最下面追加：
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
[root@linuxprobe mysql]# source /etc/profile

将mysqld服务程序的库文件链接到默认的位置：
[root@linuxprobe mysql]# mkdir /var/lib/mysql
[root@linuxprobe mysql]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql /usr/lib/mysql
[root@linuxprobe mysql]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/include/mysql /usr/include/mysql
[root@linuxprobe mysql]# ln -s /tmp/mysql.sock /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

初始化mysqld服务程序：
[root@linuxprobe mysql]# mysql_secure_installation
NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MySQL
SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!
In order to log into MySQL to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user. If you've just installed MySQL, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.
Enter current password for root (enter for none):
OK, successfully used password, moving on...
Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MySQL
root user without the proper authorisation.
Set root password? [Y/n] y
New password: 输入要为root用户设置的数据库密码。
Re-enter new password: 重复再输入一次密码。
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
... Success!
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for
them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y（删除匿名帐号）
... Success!
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] y(禁止root用户从远程登陆)
... Success!
By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y(删除test数据库并取消对其的访问权限)
- Dropping test database...
... Success!
- Removing privileges on test database...
... Success!

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y(刷新授权表，让初始化后的设定立即生效)
... Success!
All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MySQL
installation should now be secure.
Thanks for using MySQL!
Cleaning up...

可以百度搜索Linux就该这么学，第9章 使用Apache服务部署静态网站，里面有部署mysql的资料