平行结构是什么呢?
平行结构指的就是将结构相同或相似、意义并重、语气一致的语言句子成分并行排列的一种修饰手法。这种结构层次清楚,语意流畅,能够起到加强语气的作用,更增强了表达效果。
英语中的平行结构和汉语中的排比结构非常相似,例如:
1、He left his family , his teachers and his classmates.这个句子里,三个名词结构平行。
2、She went into the classroom, sat at her desk and began to do the exercises.同学们可以发现这个句子里,三个谓语动词结构平行。
3、My friend is clever, diligent, competent and professionally.这个句子,四个形容词结构平行。
平行结构主要分为三种情况:
1、词性的平行。
She is not only pretty but also an intelligent girl.
上面这个句子无论是pretty,还是an intelligent girl,都可以和She is构成正确的句子,但由于有着平行结构词not only, but also连接,需要词性一致;因为pretty和girl词性不一致,就无法放在一起。正确的写法为:
She is not only pretty but also intelligent.
2、形式的平行
Seeing is to believe.
语法好的童鞋都知道,seeing和to believe都可以被归到名词类:seeing是动名词,而to believe动词不定式可以作为名词性成分使用(请参考:To learn English is important.),但由于这二者形式不一致,故也无法用为平行结构。正确的写法为:
Seeing is believing.
To see is to believe.
3、结构的平行
I love Mary not because of her beauty but I love her intelligence.
此句中not...but...同样是平行结构标志词,同样需要结构一致。本句中not后是because of短语,而but后是I love her intelligence句子,结构完全不一致。正确的写法为:
I love Mary not because of her beauty but because of her intelligence.