新概念英语第二册Lesson82~84课文注释
新概念英语第二册Lesson82课文注释
1.Fishermen and sailors sometimes claim to have seen monsters in the sea. 渔夫和水手们有时声称看见过海里的妖怪。
to have seen是不定式的完成式结构。不定式的完成式用于不定式的动作发生在谓语动作之前的情况：
I'm sorry to have taken up so much of your time.
对不起，占了你这么长时间。
I'm glad to have met your family.
我很高兴见到了你的家里人。
She seemed to have cleaned the room.
她似乎已打扫过房间了。
不定式的完成式常用于believe，declare，find，say，see，know，think，understand等动词后(这些动词常用被动语态)：
She is believed/said/found to have gone to Australia.
人们确认/说/发现她已经去了澳大利亚。
He is thought/believed to have been killed in an air crash.
人们认为他在一次空难中丧生了。
不定式的完成式与表示意图、希望等的动词连用时有独特的含义：
I meant/intended to have invited him, but I forgot to do so.
我本想/本打算邀请他的，可是我忘记了。
I hope/plan to have finished by 12.
我希望/计划到12点钟以前就已完成。(相当于将来完成时)
2.at times，有时，偶尔。
At times I feel that he is not honest.
有时我觉得他不诚实。
He comes to see us at times.
他有时来看我们。
3.…they are rarely caught out at sea.……它们在海上极少能被捕到。
A small fishing boat was carried miles out to sea…
一条小渔船被拖到了几英里以外的海面上……
这两句话中的out分别表示“在外海”、“向外海”：
When her little boat was caught in a storm out at sea, she thought no one could help her now.
当她的小船在外海/远海遇上风暴时，她觉得那时没有人能够救她。
Don't sail out to sea in this weather.
别在这天气出海。
4.this was no ordinary fish, 这根本不是一条普通的鱼。
no的否定意味比not(a/an)要重(用于名词或形容词之前、系动词be之后)：
They are no friends of ours.
他们根本不是我们的朋友。
This is no easy work.
这绝对不是件容易干的活。
5.made every effort, 尽一切努力。(cf.第78课课文详注)
6.Such creatures have rarely been seen alive by man…人们很少能看到活着的这类动物……
creature指包含人在内的“生物”、“动物”。指人时它可以表示怜爱等感情，多用于指女性：
There are many strange creatures in the sea.
海里有许多奇怪的生物。
The poor creature has suffered a lot during that time.
这可怜的家伙/人在那段时间里遭了不少罪。
新概念英语第二册Lesson83课文注释
1.The former Prime Minister, Mr. Wentworth Lane, was defeated in the recent elections. 前首相温特沃兹·莱恩先生在最近的大选中被击败。
(1)former在这里表示“以前的”、“从前的”或“前任的”，后面需要跟名词：
Yesterday, he received a letter from his former wife/English teacher.
昨天他收到了他前妻/以前的英语老师的一封信。
(2)election指一般选举时用单数，指全国性的选举时用复数：
An election will be held next month.
下月将举行一次选举。
He hopes to defeat his rival in next year's elections.
他希望在明年的大选中击败对手。
2.…the ex-Prime Minister had gone abroad.……这位前首相出国去了。
前缀ex-加在名词前表示“以前的”(相当于former)，如ex-husband(前夫)， ex-wife(前妻)，ex-taxi-driver(前出租汽车司机)，ex-manager(前任经理)，ex-headmaster(前任校长)等。
3.Though a little suspicious this time…虽然那位警察这次有点疑心……
这是一个省略了主语和连系动词的让步状语从句。通常，如果从句的主语与主句的相同而谓语带系动词be，则主语+be可省略(原因状语从句例外)：
While at college, she wrote a novel.
她上大学时写了一部小说。
He acted as if certain of success.
他的举止就像一定会成功一样。(方式)
If possible, please let me know by this evening.
如果可能的话，请在今晚以前告诉我。(条件)
Though tired, he went to bed very late.
他虽然疲惫，但还是很晚才上床。(让步)
原因状语从句的省略形式要带分词being：
Being worried about his child, he walked up and down in the room.
他由于为孩子担心，在屋子里来回走着。
新概念英语第二册Lesson84课文注释
1.go on strike，罢工。
on strike表示“在罢工”：
The workers are on strike.
工人们在罢工。
It is not clear yet when the teachers on strike will return to their classrooms.
目前还不清楚罢课的教师何时会回到教室去。
Must we go on strike?
我们必须罢工吗?
2.The strike is due to begin on Tuesday. 罢工定于星期二开始。
due表示“预定的”、“约定的”，后面可以跟带to的不定式，也可以不跟。它后面通常有确定的时间状语：
The plane is due(to arrive)in London at 9 o'clock.
飞机预定9点抵达伦敦。
The performance is due to begin at 7 o'clock in the evening.
演出定于晚上7点开始。
due to后面若是名词，则它表示“由于”、“因为”(通常用于系动词be之后)：
Our delay was due to the heavy traffic.
我们被耽搁了是因为交通拥挤。
3.…the strike will continue until general agreement is reached about pay and working conditions.……此次罢工将一直持续到就工资和工作条件问题达成全面协议的时候为止。
在until引导的时间状语从句中，主语agreement的定语about pay and working conditions被谓语隔开了。因为谓语很短，如果定语紧跟agreement，则句子读起来会头重脚轻。这种修饰语与被修饰语隔开的情况通常在不会 引起误解时使用。如He looked at the girl with large blue eyes这句话就容易引起误解，with large blue eyes既可修饰he也可修饰the girl。
4.to some extent，在某种程度上。
也可以用to a certain extent：
The weather has helped me to some/a certain extent.
天气在某种程度上帮了我的忙。
5.press，新闻界，报界;记者们(集合名词，后面动词用单数或复数均可)。
Ian is a member of the press.
伊恩是位新闻界人士。
The press is/are waiting to see the president.
记者们在等着见总统。
6.Only one or two people have objected that the students will drive too fast!只有一两个人提出反对意见，说学生们会把车开得太快!
object作动词时后面可以跟从句，表示“提出异议”、“反对”;它后面也可以跟介词to+名词/动名词，表示“反对”、“不喜欢”、“不赞成：
They objected that the book was too difficult for them.
他们提出异议，说这本书对他们来说太难了。
A lot of people object to smoking in public places.
许多人不赞成在公共场所吸烟。
Do you object to my sitting beside you?
你反对我坐在你旁边吗?
