英语基本句子语法结构
【篇一】英语基本句子语法结构
补语:是一种补足主语和宾语的意义的句子成分
1. 容词用作主语补语是常置于主语之前,后有逗号.
Tired and sleepy, I went to bed. 我又累又困,就去睡了.
有时可以置于主语之后,前后都有逗号,与非限定性定语相似.
The man, cruel beyond belief, didn’t listen to their pleadings. 那人不可置疑地残酷,不听取他们的恳求.
2.可以用做宾语补语的有名词、形容词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语等
They named the child Jimmy. 他们将孩子命名为吉米.(名词用作并与补语)
My mother looks so young that you would think her my sister. 我的母亲面很嫩,你会以为她是我的姐姐(名词短语作宾语补语)
He boiled the egg hard. 她将鸡蛋煮老了.(形容词用作宾语补语)
I found the book very interesting.我发现那本书很有趣.(形容词短语用作宾补)
The comrades wanted Dr. Bethune to take cover. 同志们要白求恩大夫隐蔽一下.(不定式用作宾语补语)
I call this robbing Peter to pay Paul.我把这个叫做拆东墙补西墙.(动名作宾补 )
Don’t take his kindness for granted.不要把他的友善看作是当然的事.
【篇二】英语基本句子语法结构
定语：定语是用来说明名词(代词)的品质与特征的词或一组词
可用作定语的有：形容词、名词、代词、数词、副词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语、从句和句子等.
1.形容词用作定语是大量的.
She is a natural musician. 她是一位天生的音乐家.
He must be the best violinist alive.他一定是的在世的小提琴手了.(后置定语)
2. 名词用作定语.如
A baby girl 女婴
well water 井水
Sports car 双座轻型汽车
A fool’s paradise 梦幻的天堂
2.代词作定语.
Your hair needs cutting. 你该理发了.(物主代词用作定语)
Everybody’s business is nobody’s business. 人人负责就是无人负责. (不定代词所有格作定语)
3.数词作定语
There’s only one way to do it. 做此事只有一法.
Do it now, you may not get a second chance. 现在就干吧,你可能再没有机会了.
基数词用作后置定语： page 24 Room 201 the year 1949
4. 副词充当定语时常后置
the room above 楼上的房间 the world today 今日世界 the way out 出路 a day off 休息日
5.不定式用作定语
Her promise to write was forgotten.她忘记了答应写信的事.
That’s the way to do it.那正是做此事的方法.
6.动名词用作定语.
A walking stick 拐杖 sleeping pills 安眠药 eating implements 吃饭用具 learning method 学习方法
7.分词充当定语
a sleeping child 正在睡中的小孩 a drinking man 嗜酒者 a retired worker 一个退休工人 a faded flower 一朵谢了的花
7.介词短语用作定语.
This is a map of China. 这是一幅中国地图.
The wild look in his eyes spoke plainer than words. 他那凶暴的目光说明得再清楚不过了.
8.从句用作定语,即定语从句
The car that’s parked outside is mine. 停在外面的车是我的.
Your car, which I noticed outside, has been hit by another one. 我在外面看见你的汽车了,它给另一辆车撞了.
【篇三】英语基本句子语法结构
同位语：当两个指同一事物的句子成分放在同等位置时,一个句子成分可被用来说明或解释另一个句子成分者就叫做后者的同谓语
可用作定语的有：名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、of短语、从句等
1.名词用作同谓语是大量的.
We have two children, a boy and a girl.我们有两个孩子,一男一女.
We, the Chinese people, are determined to build China into a powerful and prosperous country. 我们中国人民决心将中国建成一个强大的繁荣的国家.
2.代词用作同谓语.
They all wanted to see him. 他们都想见他.
Let’s you and me go to work, Oliver. 咱们俩去工作吧.
3.数词用作同谓语.
Are you two ready?你们俩准备好了吗?
They two went, we three stayed behind.他们俩去了,我们三个留了下来.
4.不定式与动名词用作同谓语.
Their latest proposal, to concentrate on primary education, has met with some opposition.他们最近提出了集中全力于初等教育的提议遭到了某些人的反对.
The first plan, attacking at night, was turned down. 第一个计划是夜袭,被拒绝了.
5.Of 短语用作同谓语
The city of Rome 罗马城 the art of writing 写作艺术
The vice of smoking 吸烟嗜好
6.从句用同谓语,即同谓语重句
The news that we are having a holiday tomorrow is not true. 明天放假的消息不确.
We are not investigating the question whether he is trustworthy. 我们不是在调查他是否可信赖的问题.
