英语翻译求助!!!急!!! 50
Butthedecisionofbeingcompatiblecannotbemadebytheframeworkvendorhimself,becauseoflegal...
But the decision of being compatible cannot be made by the framework vendor himself,because of legal and technical aspects.This issue may become an
“explosive”political topic,as a rationally acting incumbent will avoid giving up his advantages and this may in the end even lead to a market entry
prevention for a prospective competitor.When it comes to market failures
and a social welfare optimum is missed the government is asked to intervene.This could e.g.happen by promoting the emergence of public standards in national or international standardization bodies like ANSI,ISO,
CEN and ITU.Although legal enforcement of these standards is not acceptable,public authorities can promote the acceptance of those standards
by claiming them in public contracts as it was done formerly e.g.by the US
Department of Defense with TCP/IP.But,when observing the markets of
fast changing software technologies,one has to admit that public standards play a minor role only.In most cases,relevant standards are set either by the market leader or by industrial consortia.Therefore the
possibilities for governmental market intervention are rather limited.
On the other hand,we have to discuss the policy implications for the
standard software industry in case framework technology is able,despite of
the mentioned obstacles,to gain first pieces of the market share and thereby
starting to threaten the network advantages of the established standard software.As we have seen in chapter 0,the great advantage of framework based
software compared to standard software technology is the exact fit to the customers requirements.Standard software vendors are beginning to copy this
property by transforming their monolithic architecture towards“framework”
oriented architectures.In case the new architecture is open to third parties,
this scenario appears to be very promising for all participants:market leaders
set sustainable standards,making their software the inevitable core system,
small software companies provide components,thereby contributing to market competition and buyers of ERP-systems can build”best-of-breed”systems according to their needs picking from a wide choice of components.Briefly summing up,we can conclude by giving the answer to our introductory question:“Can the framework technology overcome monopolistic
structures on the software market?”Our analysis allows to give a positive
answer to that question and furthermore shows that the support of frameworks via the introduction of accepted standards set by standardization bodies or even by market leaders gives the potential to increase social welfare.
不要翻译器翻译!!!今天就用!!多谢多谢!!~~ 展开
“explosive”political topic,as a rationally acting incumbent will avoid giving up his advantages and this may in the end even lead to a market entry
prevention for a prospective competitor.When it comes to market failures
and a social welfare optimum is missed the government is asked to intervene.This could e.g.happen by promoting the emergence of public standards in national or international standardization bodies like ANSI,ISO,
CEN and ITU.Although legal enforcement of these standards is not acceptable,public authorities can promote the acceptance of those standards
by claiming them in public contracts as it was done formerly e.g.by the US
Department of Defense with TCP/IP.But,when observing the markets of
fast changing software technologies,one has to admit that public standards play a minor role only.In most cases,relevant standards are set either by the market leader or by industrial consortia.Therefore the
possibilities for governmental market intervention are rather limited.
On the other hand,we have to discuss the policy implications for the
standard software industry in case framework technology is able,despite of
the mentioned obstacles,to gain first pieces of the market share and thereby
starting to threaten the network advantages of the established standard software.As we have seen in chapter 0,the great advantage of framework based
software compared to standard software technology is the exact fit to the customers requirements.Standard software vendors are beginning to copy this
property by transforming their monolithic architecture towards“framework”
oriented architectures.In case the new architecture is open to third parties,
this scenario appears to be very promising for all participants:market leaders
set sustainable standards,making their software the inevitable core system,
small software companies provide components,thereby contributing to market competition and buyers of ERP-systems can build”best-of-breed”systems according to their needs picking from a wide choice of components.Briefly summing up,we can conclude by giving the answer to our introductory question:“Can the framework technology overcome monopolistic
structures on the software market?”Our analysis allows to give a positive
answer to that question and furthermore shows that the support of frameworks via the introduction of accepted standards set by standardization bodies or even by market leaders gives the potential to increase social welfare.
不要翻译器翻译!!!今天就用!!多谢多谢!!~~ 展开
2个回答
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但是这个决定是由不兼容的框架下,供应商和技术aspects.This法律问题可能成为一个
“爆炸”的政治主题,作为一个合理的表演放弃他就业者将避免优势,这可能最终导致了市场
一个前瞻性competitor.When预防谈到市场的失败
和社会福利的最佳机会是政府要求intervene.This e.g.happen可以通过促进公共标准的出现在国内或国际标准化组织如ANSI、ISO,
《中国电子报》,法律执行这些标准ITU.Although不可接受,公共部门可以促进接纳那些标准
他们声称在公共合同是从前e.g.by美国
美国国防部的与TCP / IP.But市场时,观察
软件技术、快速变化的人不得不承认公共标准扮演一个次要角色only.In绝大多数情况下,有关的标准是由市场领导者的或工业consortia.Therefore的
可能是政府管制措施。极为有限,
另一方面,我们必须讨论政策影响
在软件行业标准,尽管框架的技术
这个障碍,以获得第一件的市场份额,从而
开始威胁到网络优势,我们已经看到了建立标准software.As 0章,最大的优势框架
软件相比,标准软件技术是准确的符合客户requirements.Standard软件商正在开始拷贝
通过改造其整体建筑走向“架构”
新建筑以个案architectures.In开放的第三方,
这种情况似乎非常有希望为所有参与者:市场的领导者
设置的标准,使他们的软件的可持续发展的必然的核心制度,
小软件公司提供元件,从而有助于降低市场竞争的行业精英”ERP-systems能建立“系统根据需要选择挑选,从components.Briefly总结,我们可以得出的结论是,通过我们的介绍性的问题的答案:“框架的工艺克服垄断
在软件市场结构的分析,我们可以吗?”带来了积极的影响
对那个问题的答案,而且显示支持框架通过接受标准的标准化组织甚至被市场领导者给潜在的增加社会福利的影响。
“爆炸”的政治主题,作为一个合理的表演放弃他就业者将避免优势,这可能最终导致了市场
一个前瞻性competitor.When预防谈到市场的失败
和社会福利的最佳机会是政府要求intervene.This e.g.happen可以通过促进公共标准的出现在国内或国际标准化组织如ANSI、ISO,
《中国电子报》,法律执行这些标准ITU.Although不可接受,公共部门可以促进接纳那些标准
他们声称在公共合同是从前e.g.by美国
美国国防部的与TCP / IP.But市场时,观察
软件技术、快速变化的人不得不承认公共标准扮演一个次要角色only.In绝大多数情况下,有关的标准是由市场领导者的或工业consortia.Therefore的
可能是政府管制措施。极为有限,
另一方面,我们必须讨论政策影响
在软件行业标准,尽管框架的技术
这个障碍,以获得第一件的市场份额,从而
开始威胁到网络优势,我们已经看到了建立标准software.As 0章,最大的优势框架
软件相比,标准软件技术是准确的符合客户requirements.Standard软件商正在开始拷贝
通过改造其整体建筑走向“架构”
新建筑以个案architectures.In开放的第三方,
这种情况似乎非常有希望为所有参与者:市场的领导者
设置的标准,使他们的软件的可持续发展的必然的核心制度,
小软件公司提供元件,从而有助于降低市场竞争的行业精英”ERP-systems能建立“系统根据需要选择挑选,从components.Briefly总结,我们可以得出的结论是,通过我们的介绍性的问题的答案:“框架的工艺克服垄断
在软件市场结构的分析,我们可以吗?”带来了积极的影响
对那个问题的答案,而且显示支持框架通过接受标准的标准化组织甚至被市场领导者给潜在的增加社会福利的影响。
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