Question

英语长难句结构分析

Researchers say additional studies also are needed to confirm whether HRT significantly increases chances that cataracts will form and progress to the point that surgical removal is required.求分析这个句子的结构

Answer 1

基本上都是定语从句或者宾语从句等，一个套一个，就像俄罗斯套娃一样。这样的句子从最后开始拆解就好理解很多
that surgical removal is required是the point的定语从句（可以理解为后置的定语）
that cataracts will form and progress to the point 是前面changes的定语从句。这里有and连接了两个并列的从句谓语（will form，progress）
whether HRT significantly increases chances指前面confirm的宾语从句，也就是confirm的内容
（that） additional studies also are needed to confirm前面其实省略了that，这个从句是作为前面say的宾语从句
一层一层倒过来看就明白其中的关系了

Answer 2

Researchers say 【主谓】additional studies also are needed to confirm whether HRT significantly increases chances that cataracts will form and progress to the point that surgical removal is required.【宾语从句】
宾语从句中：
additional studies also are needed 【主谓】to confirm whether HRT significantly increases chances that cataracts will form and progress to the point that surgical removal is required.【状语】
状语中：to confirm【动词，后面是宾语从句】
whether HRT significantly increases chances 【主谓宾】
that cataracts will form and progress to the point that surgical removal is required.【定语从句】
that surgical removal is required.【定语从句】