Question

帮忙翻译下，谢谢！

4.1 转换动物形象．表达相同寓意。
不同的思维习惯导致中西方人对动物形象的认识不完全相同。在英汉成语中自然就会出现选用不同的动物形象作喻体来表达相似的喻义的情况。例如，在中国文化中，“虎”被认为是兽中之王。虎象征着威严、勇敢、凶猛、有活力。如“龙腾虎跃”、“虎踞龙盘”、“如虎添翼”、“虎虎有生气”等。而在西方人的心目中，狮(1ion)是百兽之王。在西方文化中．狮(1ion)象征着权利、威严、勇猛。因此，在翻译过程中需要转换为译语读者所熟悉的形象，更好地保持源语言本色。达到对等的翻译效果。也就是奈达提出的归化翻译策略。如：
虎头捉虱Beard the lion in his den
摸老虎屁股(twist the lion’s tail)
狼吞虎咽(make a lion’s meal of)
虎虎生威(as majestic as a lion)
又如：胆小如鼠(as timid as a rabbit)
水中捞月(fish in the air)
这大概是因为月亮是汉民族喜闻乐见的意象，而由于地理环境的独特性，鱼则是英美民族生活中常见的事物。再如：
Love me，love my dog．
译文一：(爱屋及乌)
译文二：(爱吾及犬)
译文一运用了归化翻译，形象生动；而译文二运用了异化翻译，充分保留了原文的比喻形式，但表达粗鲁，完全失去了源语言所要表达的意思。因此，归化翻译在一定情况下可以弥补异化翻译的缺陷，增强译文的可读性。这样的归化翻译不仅传达了文本意义，语言也很流畅。承载了丰厚的文化内涵。由此可见，在缓和语言文化矛盾这一方面，归化的翻译起了不可替代的作用，它有效避免了外国文本中的语言和文化差异的产生，使译文既通顺义易懂。
4.2 舍弃动物形象．表达相同寓意。
由于语言的丰富多彩，原文中有的形象具有较强的民族性，在译语中无法找到近似的对应物，若不能恰当处理，便不能被译文读者理解甚至失去原文的语用意义而造成语用失效，这时只能舍弃形象，例如：在中国，龙是中国的象征，它代表着帝王，会给人们带来好运。所以中国的家长都望子成龙，但不能直接翻译成“to hope that one’s son would become a dragon”。因为在西方人眼中，龙是邪恶的象征，是毁灭一切的怪物。因此上面的翻译不合适，应翻译成“to hope that one’s son would become somebody”。又如：“Wall Street is a dog eat dog place．"这句话中有人把“dog eat dog”译成“狗咬狗”。事实上，原句中的“dog eat dog”是残酷的意思，而译文中的“狗咬狗”有相互揭短。从第三者那里得到利益的含义。所以译者可以采用归化法舍弃形象，译为“华尔街是个残酷的地方”。总之，翻译中的形象转换要做到恰如其分．译者必须要有扎实的双语文化基础。奈达说过．“就真正成功的翻译而言，译者的双文化功底甚至比双语功底更重要”。

Answer 1

4.1 animal images to express the same meaning.
In the different habits of thinking lead to westerners understanding of animal image is not exactly the same.In English and Chinese idioms will appear naturally choose different animal image metaphors to express similar inter-cultural.For example, in Chinese culture, "tiger" is considered to be the king of beasts.The tiger is a symbol of majestic, brave and fierce, dynamic.Such as "long teng hu yue", "HuJuLongPan", ""," a tiger angry ", etc.And in the eyes of the westerners, lion ion (1) is the king of beasts.In western culture. The lion ion (1) as a symbol of power, majesty, bravery.In the process of translation, therefore, need to convert the image of the target language readers are familiar with, the better to keep the nature of the source language.Equivalence translation.Nida, namely domestication translation strategy is put forward.Such as:
Tiger catch lice Beard the lion in his den
Touch the tiger bottom (twist the lion's tail)
Wolf (make a lion 's meal of)
2 (as majestic as a lion)
Such as: too (as timid as a rabbit)
Main (fish in the air)
I think it's because the moon is the han nationality popular image, but due to the uniqueness of geographical environment, the fish is British and American national common things in life.Such as:
Love me, Love my dog.
5: love me, love my dog)
Translation 2: love me and the dog)
The use of domestication translation of the translation vivid;Translation and the translation USES two alienation, fully retained the metaphor of the original form, but express rude, completely lost to express the meaning of the source language.Domestication translation, therefore, in certain circumstances can make up for the defect of alienation, enhance the readability of the translation.The domestication translation not only convey the original meaning, language is also very smooth.Carrying the rich cultural connotation.In easing the cultural contradictions of the language, therefore, on the one hand, the domestication translation played an irreplaceable role, in the text, it effectively avoids the foreign language and cultural differences, make the translation on shunyi already understand.
4.2 abandon animal image. To express the same meaning.
Due to the colorful language, some of the original image with strong national character, unable to find the approximate counterpart in the target language, if cannot be handled properly, it can't be the readers understand and even lose the pragmatic meaning of the original and cause pragmatic failure, then can only abandon image, for example, in China, the dragon is the symbol of China, it represents the king, will give people bring good luck.So Chinese parents have high expectations, but can not be directly translated into "to hope that one 's son order to become a dragon".Because in the eyes of westerners, the dragon is the symbol of evil, is to destroy all the monsters.So the translation is not appropriate, should be translated as "to hope that one 's son he become somebody".Such as: "Wall Street is a dog eat dog place." this sentence of someone "dog eat dog" translated into "dog eat dog".In fact, in the original "dog eat dog" means brutal, and the translation of "dog eat dog" in mutual recrimination.The meaning of interest from a third party.Abandon image so that the translator can adopt domestication method, translated as "Wall Street is a cruel place.All in all, translation of image transformation to be appropriate. The translator must have a solid bilingual cultural basis.Nida said. "in terms of truly successful translation, the translator's dual cultural background is even more important than bilingual language".