Question

英语中 什么时候用部分倒装 什么时候用全部倒装 要很详细

Answer 1

一、
全部倒装
全部倒装是指将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。全部倒装的句子通常只用一般现在时和过去时。
1、
Here，There，Now，Then等副词放在句首时，句子要全部倒装，谓语动词常用come，go，be，lie，run等。例如:
①
There
comes
the
bus!
②
Now
comes
your
turn.
2、
表示方位的副词或介词短语置于句首时，句子要全部倒装，句中的谓语动词是come，go等表示运动的动词。
①
The
door
opened
and
in
came
the
headmaster.
②
Up
and
up
went
the
prices.
③
High
flew
the
plane.
注意:
①
上述全部倒装句中主语如为人称代词，应放在动词前面。
Here
comes
Mr.Lee.
Here
he
comes.
Auay
went
the
students.
Auay
they
went.
②
有时为了句子的平衡或强调，将表语置于句首，也属于全部倒装。
例如:Gone
are
the
days
when
we
used
the
foreign
oil.
二、
部分倒装
部分倒装是指将谓语动词的一部分如助动或情态动词置于主语之前。
1、
否定副词如no，not，never，seldom，little，hardly，以及含有no，not的短语放在句首时，句子要部分倒装。
①
Never
in
my
life
have
I
heard
such
a
thing.
②
Little
did
we
expect
that
he
could
come.
③
Not
a
single
word
did
he
say
at
the
meeting.
④
By
no
means
should
we
do
like
this.
注意:如上述句子中的否定副词不置于句首时，句子结构不倒装。
2、
以否定词开头的关联结构
注意:
No
sooner…than…，Hardly/scarcely…when…,Not
only…but
also,Not
until…
①
Not
until
late
in
the
evening
did
he
come
back.
②
Hardly
had
he
got
on
the
bus
when
he
heard
a
shout.
③
Not
only
did
he
buy
a
bike
for
me
but
he
also
sent
it
to
my
house.
注意:No
sooner…than…;hardly…when;not
only…but
also这类句型，只将前半部分倒装，后半部分用正常语序。
3、
当only置于句首修饰状语时，句子要部分倒装。
①
Only
in
this
way
can
we
learn
English
well.
②
Only
when
he
is
seriously
ill
does
he
ever
stay
in
bed.
4、
so，neither，nor在句首表示“也”或“也不”句子要部分倒装。
①
Tom
is
very
kind.
So
am
I.
②
I
like
English.
So
does
Jack.
③
I
can’t
speak
English.
Nor/Neither
can
he.
注意:so
后主、谓语不倒装表示前面所述内容的肯定、确定。
试比较:
Tom
is
very
kind.
So
am
I.(两个人，一样情形)
Tom
is
very
kind.
So
he
is.(一个人，一种情形)
汤姆非常和蔼。他就是如此。
5、
由as/though引导的让步状语从句，从句形成倒装。
①
Child
as
he
was，he
could
speak
five
languages.
②
Hard
as
he
work,you
can’t
support
your
family.
③
Try
as
you
do,
you
will
ever
win.
注意:表语为单数名词时，不定冠词“a”应被省去。
She–maker
as
he
was,he
was
very
happy.
6、
so…that/such…that句型中so，such
位于句首时，句子要部分倒装。
①
So
fast
does
light
travel
that
it
is
difficult
for
us
to
imagine
its
speed.
7、
省略了if
的虚拟条件从句中，主谓形成了部分倒装(虚拟语气的条件句中，省略
if
后，had，were，should等应提前)
①
Had
you
told
me
earlier,
I
could
have
done
something
.
②
Should
anyone
call,
tell
him
to
call
in
the
afternoon.
③
Were
I
you,
I
would
try
it
again.