c++双向循环链表怎么使用
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#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
/*
*节点类
*/
struct DCNode
{
int data;
DCNode * prior;
DCNode * next;
};
/*
*链表类
*/
struct DCList
{
DCList()
{
size = 0;
}
size_t size;//记录节点数的个数
DCNode * head;//指向链表的头结点
};
/*
*分配一个节点,并给该节点的数据域赋值,默认值为0;
*/
DCNode * MakeNode(int t=0)
{
DCNode * p = (DCNode *)malloc(sizeof(DCNode));
p->data = t;
return p;
}
//初始化一个空的双向循环链表
void InitDCList(DCList &list)
{
//分配一个头结点
DCNode * p = MakeNode();
list.head = p;
list.size = 0;
p->next = p;
p->prior = p;
}
//释放所指向的节点
void FreeNode(DCNode * p)
{
delete p;
}
//清空一个线性表
void clear(DCList &list)
{
DCNode * p = list.head;
p = p->next;
while(p!= list.head)
{
DCNode * p1 = p->next;
delete p;
p = p1;
}
list.size = 0;
}
//将s所指向的节点插入到链表的第一个节点之前
bool InsFirst(DCList &list,DCNode * s)
{
s->next = list.head->next;
list.head->next->prior = s;
list.head->next = s;
s->prior = list.head;
list.size++;
return true;
}
//删除链表中的第一个节点并以q指针返回
bool DelFirst(DCList &list,DCNode * & q)
{
if(list.head->next==list.head)//如果链表为空
{
q = 0;
return false;
}
q = list.head->next;
list.head->next->next->prior = list.head;
list.head->next = list.head->next->next;
list.size--;
return true;
}
//将s所指向的节点串接在链表的最后一个节点之后
bool Append(DCList &list,DCNode * s)
{
s->prior = list.head->prior;
s->next = list.head;
list.head->prior->next = s;
list.head->prior = s;
list.size++;
return true;
}
//删除链表中的尾节点,并以指针q返回
bool Remove(DCList &list,DCNode * & q)
{
if(list.head->next==list.head)//如果链表为空
{
q = 0;
return false;
}
q = list.head->prior;
list.head->prior->prior->next = list.head;
list.head->prior = list.head->prior->prior;
list.size--;
return true;
}
//将s所指向的节点插入链表中p所指向的节点之前
bool InsBefore(DCList &list,DCNode * p,DCNode * s)
{
DCNode * p1 = list.head->next;
while(p1!=list.head)
{
if(p1==p)//找到该链表中是否存在p所指向的节点
{
s->next = p;
s->prior = p->prior;
p->prior->next = s;
p->prior = s;
list.size++;
return true;
}
p1 = p1->next;
}
//没找到
return false;
}
//将s所指向的节点插入链表中p所指向的节点之后
bool InsAfter(DCList &list,DCNode * p,DCNode * s)
{
DCNode * p1 = list.head->next;
while(p1!=list.head)
{
if(p1==p)//找到该链表中是否存在p所指向的节点
{
s->next = p->next;
s->prior = p;
p->next->prior = s;
p->next = s;
list.size++;
return true;
}
p1 = p1->next;
}
//没找到
return false;
}
//判断链表是否为空
bool Empty(DCList &list)
{
if(list.size==0)
return true;
else
return false;
}
//返回链表的长度
int GetLength(DCList &list)
{
return list.size;
}
//返回链表中第i个节点的指针
DCNode * LocatePos(DCList &list,int i)
{
if(i<=0&&i>(int)list.size ) return 0;//如果不存在第i个节点则返回一个0指针
int n = 0;
DCNode * p1 = list.head->next;
while(p1!=list.head)
{
n++;
if(n==i)//找到
{
return p1;
}
p1 = p1->next;
}
return 0;
}
//在链表中查找第一个元素值与t相等的节点指针
DCNode * LocateElem(DCList &list,int t)
{
if(list.head->next==list.head)//如果链表为空
{
return 0;
}
DCNode * p1 = list.head->next;
while(p1!=list.head)
{
if(p1->data==t)//找到
{
return p1;
}
p1 = p1->next;
}
return 0;
}
//在链表中查找第一个元素值与t满足compare函数关系的节点指针
DCNode * LocateElem(DCList &list,int t,bool (* compare)(int ,int))
{
if(list.head->next==list.head)//如果链表为空
{
return 0;
}
DCNode * p1 = list.head->next;
while(p1!=list.head)
{
if((*compare)(p1->data,t))//找到了
{
return p1;
}
p1 = p1->next;
}
return 0;
}
//依次对链表中的每一个元素调用visit函数,一旦visit函数调用失败,则整个操作失败
bool ListTraverse(DCList &list,bool (*visit)(int &))
{
DCNode * p1 = list.head->next;
while(p1!=list.head)
{
if(!(*visit)(p1->data))//找到了
{
return false;
}
p1 = p1->next;
}
return true;
}
//合并两个双向循环链表
DCList & MergeList(DCList &list1,DCList &list2)
{
if(Empty(list1))
{
return list2;
}
if(Empty(list2))
{
return list1;
}
list1.head->prior->next = list2.head->next;
list2.head->next->prior = list1.head->prior;
list1.head->prior = list2.head->prior;
list2.head->prior->next = list1.head;
return list1;
}
//判断是否一个数为偶数
bool judge(int a,int b)
{
if(a%b==0) return true;
return false;
}
bool visit(int & t)
{
t = t+1;
return true;
}
int main()
{
//创建并初始化一个空的双向循环链表
DCList myList;
InitDCList(myList);
//在链表的尾端添加元素
//现分配一个节点
DCNode * s = MakeNode(1);
Append(myList,s);
s = MakeNode(3);
Append(myList,s);
s = MakeNode(5);
Append(myList,s);
s = MakeNode(7);
Append(myList,s);
//遍历该链表,并输出该链表的元素个数
DCNode * p1 = myList.head->next;
cout<<"新建一个双向链表,并初始化元素值为1,3,5,7"<<endl;
while(p1!=myList.head)
{
cout<<p1->data<<" ";
p1 = p1->next;
}
cout<<endl;
cout<<"链表的元素个数为:"<<GetLength(myList)<<endl;
//在链表的第一个数据节点之前插入两个元素
s = MakeNode(9);
InsFirst(myList,s);
s = MakeNode(0);
InsFirst(myList,s);
cout<<"在链表的第一个数据节点之前插入两个元素值为0,9的节点:"<<endl;
p1 = myList.head->next;
while(p1!=myList.head)
{
cout<<p1->data<<" ";
p1 = p1->next;
}
cout<<endl;
//删除链表中的第一个节点和尾节点
cout<<"删除的第一个节点"<<endl;
if(DelFirst(myList,s))
{
cout<<"被删除的第一个节点数据为:"<<s->data<<endl;
}
p1 = myList.head->next;
while(p1!=myList.head)
{
cout<<p1->data<<" ";
p1 = p1->next;
}
cout<<endl;
//释放被删除的节点空间
FreeNode(s);
cout<<"删除的尾节点"<<endl;
if( Remove(myList,s) )
{
cout<<"被删除的尾节点数据为:"<<s->data<<endl;
}
p1 = myList.head->next;
while(p1!=myList.head)
{
cout<<p1->data<<" ";
p1 = p1->next;
}
cout<<endl;
//释放被删除的节点空间
FreeNode(s);
//在第二个节点之前插入元素
p1 = LocatePos(myList,2);
cout<<"第二个节点数据为:"<<p1->data<<endl;
s = MakeNode(11);
InsBefore(myList,p1,s);
cout<<"在第二个节点之前插入一个元素值为11的新节点:"<<endl;
p1 = myList.head->next;
while(p1!=myList.head)
{
cout<<p1->data<<" ";
p1 = p1->next;
}
cout<<endl;
//在第二个节点之后插入元素
s = MakeNode(16);
p1 = LocatePos(myList,2);
InsAfter(myList,p1,s);
cout<<"再在第二个节点之后插入一个元素值为16的新节点:"<<endl;
p1 = myList.head->next;
while(p1!=myList.head)
{
cout<<p1->data<<" ";
p1 = p1->next;
}
cout<<endl;
//查找第一个元素值为4的倍数的节点
p1 = LocateElem(myList,4,judge);
cout<<"找到第一个元素值为4的倍数的节点数据为:"<<p1->data<<endl;
//将链表中所有的元素值都增加1
ListTraverse(myList,visit);
cout<<"将链表中所有的元素值都增加1:"<<endl;
p1 = myList.head->next;
while(p1!=myList.head)
{
cout<<p1->data<<" ";
p1 = p1->next;
}
cout<<endl;
//新建一个元素值为1,3,9的链表
DCList myList2;
InitDCList(myList2);
//在链表的尾端添加元素
//现分配一个节点
s = MakeNode(1);
Append(myList2,s);
s = MakeNode(3);
Append(myList2,s);
s = MakeNode(9);
Append(myList2,s);
//遍历该链表,并输出该链表的元素个数
cout<<"新建一个元素值为1,3,9的链表:"<<endl;
p1 = myList2.head->next;
while(p1!=myList2.head)
{
cout<<p1->data<<" ";
p1 = p1->next;
}
cout<<endl;
//合并两个链表
myList = MergeList(myList,myList2);
cout<<"合并两个链表:"<<endl;
p1 = myList.head->next;
while(p1!=myList.head)
{
cout<<p1->data<<" ";
p1 = p1->next;
}
cout<<endl;
cout<<"最后清空myList链表!"<<endl;
clear(myList);
}
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