英语摘要是什么意思？
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摘要（summary）是一种对原始文献（或文章）的基本内容进行浓缩的语义连贯的短文。它以迅速掌握原文内容梗概为目的，不加主观评论和解释，但必须简明、确切地表述原文的重要内容。
摘要写作（summary writing）是一种控制性的作文形式，它能使学生通过阅读原文，吸收原文的文章结构与语言方面的长处，写出内容一致、结构近似、语言简洁的短文。另外，对培养学生善于抓住文章重点的能力也有很大帮助，有利于他们在实际写作中避免面面俱到，事无巨细，一一罗列的不良倾向。这种写作既要准确理解原文，又要能综合概括；既能培养欣赏能力，又能训练书面表达能力。因此，用英文写摘要，对学习英语写作的学生来说，不失为一种切合实际的方法。下面谈谈如何写好英文摘要。
1）细读原文。首先要仔细阅读全篇作品，然后对作品进行整体分析，掌握原文总的意思和结构，明确全文的主题（the maintheme）和各段的段落大意（the main idea）。
2）弄清要求。搞清楚是写全文概要，还是写某一部分的概要，或者就某些问题写出要点。
3）列出原文要点。分析原文的内容和结构，将内容分项扼要表述并注意在结构上的顺序。在此基础上选出与文章主题密切相关的部分。
4）草拟写作提纲并写出初稿。将挑选出的要点作为框架草拟详细的提纲，以所列的提纲为依据写出摘要的初稿。在写作时要特别注意下面几点：
（1）摘要应包括原文中的主要事实（main facts）；略去不必要的细节（unnecessary details）。
（2）安排好篇幅的比例。摘要应同原文保持协调，即用较多的文字写重要内容，用较少的文字写次要内容。
（3）注意段落的连贯和句子的衔接。要用适当的转折词语贯通全文，切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子。
（4）尽可能用自己的话来写，但不排斥用原文的某些词句。
（5）计算词数，看是否符合规定的词数要求
MY TEACHER
My former teacher, who had taught me English for six years, is a woman in her sixties. I describe her as a "woman" at her age because in my mind's eye, she never loses her attraction in fashions, light cosmetics, and particularly, her skills scarves whether it is in summer or winter. I still remember the first day when I met her in junior high school, she showed me around the new campus and my nervousness melted gradually in her unassuming manner, something resembling my grandma's, and something more beyond the average older person's.
She was born in Hong Kong and after her Westernized education, she became a journalist. Owing to this special profession, she could come to China freely, there in Beijing, she met a young engineer who later on won her heart and married her. Then she stayed, serving as a faculty member in Beijing Foreign language Institution. Maybe she was destined to enjoy mo tranquility, for everything changed almost in a day's time. Because of the unprecedented culture revolution, she and her husband, they two intellectuals were sent to a small town - though it becomes my hometown - and it was they who, dedicated themselves to the so-called city construction. She swept the streets, plants trees, and did all kinds of labor but return to school. As to that period of time, she just sighed a simple reply "the past has passed, I have not, and will still not regret my decision to stay." But more and less, her wrinkled serious face revealed her untold stories and endurance. Teacher that she is, she's well-known for drawing cartoon pictures. Dull texts were changed into impressive clues and knowledge that most interested us. Often it was up to us to stand on the rostrum, expressing whatever we had to say in English. She would rather be an audience sitting among us, and of course, a stern critic as well.
She set up her own image to teach us knowledge, and also, a sense of responsibility. During one winter vacation, she volunteered to assist us in preparing the provincial English contest. I clearly remember a day just before the New Year's Eve, when she appeared a little bit late like a snowman in the classroom, the whole noisy class fell into silence. It was snowing hard outside, yet the inside warmth encouraged us to work even harder.
Ever year groups of students said good-bye to her on their way to college. Luckily I was one of her last students as now she has got retired. It seemed to be arranged that we went to see her during every vacation. How I wish to listen to her again, sharing her fresh ideas about the national affairs, about the campus, about each of her Christmas Days in Hong Kong. She's still young and talkative, as IN the days in her teaching career.
Bad news came that her husband died of cancer this summer before I went back. How could she endure such misfortune? How could she kill her loneliness? I wondered on the upstairs to visit her when I heard that piece of familiar piano music. The tone sounded so elegant that it reminded me of the player at once - it must be my dear teacher!
Now she's living alone as her two daughters live abroad. "You see the walls of original novels? I bought them at your age but not until now could I have enough time to red. And my favorite piano, the birthday present sent by my husband, will keep me company." With these words about her leisure, she sat down by the piano again.
I was deeply engrossed in her playing, through which I knew her further, a devoted teacher WHO seeks neither fame nor gain, and a splendid character who has undergone a lifetime of ups and downs.
1.
House, it’s very important for us, because we must study, live ,and sleep in it .
My dream house is very different from the usual house. I would like to introduce it to you if you are interested in it.
The shape of my dream house like a strawberry; the roof if green, and walls are red.
Let’s enter my dream house and look around: it consists of a living-room, a study-room, a bedroom, and a bathroom. The wall of the bedroom is covered with mink, so that I can sleep with a sweet dream and feel more comfortable. There are a lot of things in my house ----such as computers,televisions, telephones, tables, beds, and so on. Of course, the cost of my dream house is very big, too.
How can make my dream come true? We will realize it only by our hard working.
2.
My favorite aimals are dogs. I thank they are very cute and friendly. I have a big dog. his name is BoBi. He is 2 years old. He sleeps during the day. but at night he gets up and eats meat. He is very beautiful and a little shy. He likes to play with his friends. Isn`t he cute?
3.
I have a lovely dog. It name's Nacy.It's a young dog. It's only one years old.
When I do my homework in my bedroom,it usually plays on my bed.It likes playing with me.We go to the park every evening.When I am ling on the grass , it will sit near me.It can help me do many things . It can make me smile . All my friends are love my dog very much!What a lovely dog!
I love my dog! It loves me too!
4.
My Happy Family
There're five members in my fmaily —— my parents , my grandparents , my sister and me .
My mother is a teacher.She teaches Chinese in our school.She likes music.My fater is a teacher,too.He teaches art in the GuangMing pirmary school.He likes painting.My grandmother is a nurse.She likes reading book.My grandfather is a doctor.He likes play chess.
I am Betty.I'm in Shi Yan pirmary school.I'm in Class 2 Gread 5.I like singing and dancing. My sister is Diana.She likes singing and dancing,too.
Look!I have a happy big family.Isn't it?
5.
Man’s life is a process of growing up, actually I’m standing here is a growth. If a person’s life must constituted by various choices, then I grow up along with these choices. Once I hope I can study in a college in future, however that’s passed, as you know I come here, now I wonder what the future holds for me.
When I come to this school, I told to myself: this my near future, all starts here. Following I will learn to become a man, a integrated man, who has a fine body, can take on important task, has independent thought, an open mind, intensive thought, has the ability to judge right and wrong, has a perfect job.
Once my teacher said :” you are not sewing, you are stylist; never forget which you should lay out to people is your thought, not craft.” I will put my personality with my interest and ability into my study, during these process I will combine learning with doing. If I can achieve this “future”, I think that I really grow up. And I deeply believe kindred, good-fellowship and love will perfection and happy in the future.
How to say future? Maybe it’s a nice wish. Lets make up our minds, stick to it and surely well enjoy our life.
摘要写作（summary writing）是一种控制性的作文形式，它能使学生通过阅读原文，吸收原文的文章结构与语言方面的长处，写出内容一致、结构近似、语言简洁的短文。另外，对培养学生善于抓住文章重点的能力也有很大帮助，有利于他们在实际写作中避免面面俱到，事无巨细，一一罗列的不良倾向。这种写作既要准确理解原文，又要能综合概括；既能培养欣赏能力，又能训练书面表达能力。因此，用英文写摘要，对学习英语写作的学生来说，不失为一种切合实际的方法。下面谈谈如何写好英文摘要。
1）细读原文。首先要仔细阅读全篇作品，然后对作品进行整体分析，掌握原文总的意思和结构，明确全文的主题（the maintheme）和各段的段落大意（the main idea）。
2）弄清要求。搞清楚是写全文概要，还是写某一部分的概要，或者就某些问题写出要点。
3）列出原文要点。分析原文的内容和结构，将内容分项扼要表述并注意在结构上的顺序。在此基础上选出与文章主题密切相关的部分。
4）草拟写作提纲并写出初稿。将挑选出的要点作为框架草拟详细的提纲，以所列的提纲为依据写出摘要的初稿。在写作时要特别注意下面几点：
（1）摘要应包括原文中的主要事实（main facts）；略去不必要的细节（unnecessary details）。
（2）安排好篇幅的比例。摘要应同原文保持协调，即用较多的文字写重要内容，用较少的文字写次要内容。
（3）注意段落的连贯和句子的衔接。要用适当的转折词语贯通全文，切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子。
（4）尽可能用自己的话来写，但不排斥用原文的某些词句。
（5）计算词数，看是否符合规定的词数要求
MY TEACHER
My former teacher, who had taught me English for six years, is a woman in her sixties. I describe her as a "woman" at her age because in my mind's eye, she never loses her attraction in fashions, light cosmetics, and particularly, her skills scarves whether it is in summer or winter. I still remember the first day when I met her in junior high school, she showed me around the new campus and my nervousness melted gradually in her unassuming manner, something resembling my grandma's, and something more beyond the average older person's.
She was born in Hong Kong and after her Westernized education, she became a journalist. Owing to this special profession, she could come to China freely, there in Beijing, she met a young engineer who later on won her heart and married her. Then she stayed, serving as a faculty member in Beijing Foreign language Institution. Maybe she was destined to enjoy mo tranquility, for everything changed almost in a day's time. Because of the unprecedented culture revolution, she and her husband, they two intellectuals were sent to a small town - though it becomes my hometown - and it was they who, dedicated themselves to the so-called city construction. She swept the streets, plants trees, and did all kinds of labor but return to school. As to that period of time, she just sighed a simple reply "the past has passed, I have not, and will still not regret my decision to stay." But more and less, her wrinkled serious face revealed her untold stories and endurance. Teacher that she is, she's well-known for drawing cartoon pictures. Dull texts were changed into impressive clues and knowledge that most interested us. Often it was up to us to stand on the rostrum, expressing whatever we had to say in English. She would rather be an audience sitting among us, and of course, a stern critic as well.
She set up her own image to teach us knowledge, and also, a sense of responsibility. During one winter vacation, she volunteered to assist us in preparing the provincial English contest. I clearly remember a day just before the New Year's Eve, when she appeared a little bit late like a snowman in the classroom, the whole noisy class fell into silence. It was snowing hard outside, yet the inside warmth encouraged us to work even harder.
Ever year groups of students said good-bye to her on their way to college. Luckily I was one of her last students as now she has got retired. It seemed to be arranged that we went to see her during every vacation. How I wish to listen to her again, sharing her fresh ideas about the national affairs, about the campus, about each of her Christmas Days in Hong Kong. She's still young and talkative, as IN the days in her teaching career.
Bad news came that her husband died of cancer this summer before I went back. How could she endure such misfortune? How could she kill her loneliness? I wondered on the upstairs to visit her when I heard that piece of familiar piano music. The tone sounded so elegant that it reminded me of the player at once - it must be my dear teacher!
Now she's living alone as her two daughters live abroad. "You see the walls of original novels? I bought them at your age but not until now could I have enough time to red. And my favorite piano, the birthday present sent by my husband, will keep me company." With these words about her leisure, she sat down by the piano again.
I was deeply engrossed in her playing, through which I knew her further, a devoted teacher WHO seeks neither fame nor gain, and a splendid character who has undergone a lifetime of ups and downs.
1.
House, it’s very important for us, because we must study, live ,and sleep in it .
My dream house is very different from the usual house. I would like to introduce it to you if you are interested in it.
The shape of my dream house like a strawberry; the roof if green, and walls are red.
Let’s enter my dream house and look around: it consists of a living-room, a study-room, a bedroom, and a bathroom. The wall of the bedroom is covered with mink, so that I can sleep with a sweet dream and feel more comfortable. There are a lot of things in my house ----such as computers,televisions, telephones, tables, beds, and so on. Of course, the cost of my dream house is very big, too.
How can make my dream come true? We will realize it only by our hard working.
2.
My favorite aimals are dogs. I thank they are very cute and friendly. I have a big dog. his name is BoBi. He is 2 years old. He sleeps during the day. but at night he gets up and eats meat. He is very beautiful and a little shy. He likes to play with his friends. Isn`t he cute?
3.
I have a lovely dog. It name's Nacy.It's a young dog. It's only one years old.
When I do my homework in my bedroom,it usually plays on my bed.It likes playing with me.We go to the park every evening.When I am ling on the grass , it will sit near me.It can help me do many things . It can make me smile . All my friends are love my dog very much!What a lovely dog!
I love my dog! It loves me too!
4.
My Happy Family
There're five members in my fmaily —— my parents , my grandparents , my sister and me .
My mother is a teacher.She teaches Chinese in our school.She likes music.My fater is a teacher,too.He teaches art in the GuangMing pirmary school.He likes painting.My grandmother is a nurse.She likes reading book.My grandfather is a doctor.He likes play chess.
I am Betty.I'm in Shi Yan pirmary school.I'm in Class 2 Gread 5.I like singing and dancing. My sister is Diana.She likes singing and dancing,too.
Look!I have a happy big family.Isn't it?
5.
Man’s life is a process of growing up, actually I’m standing here is a growth. If a person’s life must constituted by various choices, then I grow up along with these choices. Once I hope I can study in a college in future, however that’s passed, as you know I come here, now I wonder what the future holds for me.
When I come to this school, I told to myself: this my near future, all starts here. Following I will learn to become a man, a integrated man, who has a fine body, can take on important task, has independent thought, an open mind, intensive thought, has the ability to judge right and wrong, has a perfect job.
Once my teacher said :” you are not sewing, you are stylist; never forget which you should lay out to people is your thought, not craft.” I will put my personality with my interest and ability into my study, during these process I will combine learning with doing. If I can achieve this “future”, I think that I really grow up. And I deeply believe kindred, good-fellowship and love will perfection and happy in the future.
How to say future? Maybe it’s a nice wish. Lets make up our minds, stick to it and surely well enjoy our life.
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