Question

关于虚拟语气

简单介绍一下虚拟语气的用法

Answer 1

虚拟语气的用法

1) 虚拟语气用在简单句中，表示祝愿，命令。 May you be happy. 祝你幸福。 May you have a good time. 祝愿你玩的痛快。 May the friendship between us last long. 祝愿我们的友情天长地久。 Have a good journey! 祝愿你旅途愉快！ You go out！ 你出去！
2) 虚拟语气用在宾语从句中。动词 wish, suggest,order,insist, propose,等词后面的宾语从句表示的是一种虚拟语气，宾语从句中的动词动作表示的只是一种愿望、要求。 I wish she would be on my side. 我希望她能站在我一边。 I wish I could help him. 我希望我能帮助他。 He insisted that all of us should be there on time by any means. 他坚持要我们大家想尽办法按时去那儿。 动词 demand, suggest, order, insist, propose 后面的从句中，"should" 可以省略。 The teacher suggested that we (should) clean the blackboard after class. 老师建议我们课后把黑板擦了。 He ordered that the students wash the clothes every week by themselves. 他要求学生每周都要自己洗衣服。
3) 虚拟语气用在主语从句中。 在句型 "It is important (necessary, strange, natural) that .... " 中，that 后面的从句中的谓语动词用： should + 动词原形 It's necessary that we should have a walk now. 我们有必要出去散散步。 It's natural that she should do so. 她这样做是很自然的。 It's important that we should take good care of the patient. 重要的是我们要照顾好病人。
4) 虚拟语气用在状语从句中。 虚拟语气最多地用在表示条件的状语从句和表示结果的从句中。在表示与事实相反的虚拟语气时，动词有三种时态形式，即现在、过去和将来。 A．与现在事实相反的： If I (we,you,he,they)+ 动词过去式.. if I (he,she) were... I (we) should + 动词原形。 He (you,they) would + 动词原形。 B．与过去事实相反的： If I(we,you,he,they)+ had + 过去分词 I(we)should + have+ 过去分词。He (you,they) would + have + 过去分词。 If I were you, I should buy it. 如果我是你，我就买了它。 If I had time, I would study French. 如果我有时间，我会学习法语的。 If she knew English,she would not ask me for help. 如果她懂英语的话，她不会找我帮忙的。 If you had got up earlier, you could have caught the train. 如果你早一点起床，就会赶上火车的。 If it were fine tomorrow,I would go shopping. 如果明天天气好，我就去买东西。

Answer 2

虚拟语气的基本用法是：
1. 表达假设的情况，与事实相反；
2. 表达异想天开很难实现的愿望；
3. 表达建议、命令、劝告等语气。
虚拟语气的基本形式和用法
虚拟(条件)语气中，主句与从句中谓语动词的形式可分为下面三类：
假设类型条件从句谓语动词形式主句谓语动词形式
1.与现在事实相反If+动词的过去式
(be用were而不用was)would(第一人称可用should)+动词原形
2.与过去事实相反If+had+-ed分词would(第一人称可用should)+have+-ed分词
3.与将来事实可能相反If+were to+动词原形或
If+should+动词原形would(第一人称可用should)+动词原形

Answer 3

虚拟语气通常用于不可能发生但假设发生了的情况。通常用过去式。比如：我真希望你现在在我身边。（就是说你现在不在我身边，而且不可能现在在我身边）I really wish that you were here with me right now.

如果是已经发生过的事情，但假设另一种结果，就要用将来完成时。比如：我要是知道你去了那个晚会，我也会去的。If I knew you went to the party, I would have gone too.

Answer 4

虚拟语气主要分为： A）虚拟条件句 B）名词性从句的虚拟语气 C）特殊句式的虚拟语气。

无论是主句还是从句，只要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词必须是过去时或过去以前的时态，不能和现在有关。

A. 虚拟条件句：一般因所指时间的不同分为三种情况：与现在事实相反；与过去事实相反，与将来可能发生事实相反。（决窍：一定首先牢记从句和主句对各种时态的对应形式，可相互逆推)

1.表现在的虚拟条件句
[从句：用动词过去（be 多用were）,主句：would/should/could/might+动词原形]
I would certainly go if I had time.
If I were you, I should study English.

2.表过去的虚拟条件句
[从句：had + PP,主句：would/should/could/might +have + PP]
If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the test.
If I had left a little earlier, I would have caught the train.

。。。。。。

虚拟是很复杂的一个句型，我也记不到很多，楼主要想全面了解的话，最好自己查点资料吧，那样比较全面和正确。

Answer 5

用if来引导 后面的动词用过去式从句用过去将来