Question

关于英语的一些问题，应该对高手来说，是洒洒水吧！

1spend和cost有什么区别，他们怎么用啊？
2介词of,with有什么区别，怎么用？

Answer 1

1. spend 一般都是指人花费
cost 一般都是指某个东西花费了人。。。

2. of和with是十分重要的词。在这里肯定是讲不清楚的。建议你查一下牛津高阶，详细了解一下。
这里仅仅给你提供一些牛津的内容。
of
/ əv; əv strong form 强读å¼ǒ ɔv; ɑv/ prep
belonging to (sb/sth) 属於（某人[某事物]）. (a) (followed by a possess pron or by a n, usu with 's 后接物主代词或名词, 通常带's): a friend of mine 我的朋友 * an acquaintance of my wife's 我妻子认识的人 * that house of yours in the country 你在乡下的那所房子. (b) (followed by a n referring to an inanimate object 后接表示无生命物体的名词): the handle of the umbrella 伞的把 * the lid of the box 箱子的盖. (c) (after a n referring to sb's rights or duties 用於表示某人的权利或责任的名词之后): the role of the teacher 教师的职责 * the rights of man 人的权利 * the privileges of the elite 上层人物的特权 * the responsibilities of a nurse 护士的责任.
originating from (a background) or living in (a place) 出身於（某背景）; 居住於（某地）: a woman of royal descent 出身皇族的女子 * a man of humble origin 出身卑贱的男子 * the miners of Wales 威尔士的矿工 * the inhabitants of the area 该地区的居民.
created by (esp referring to sb's works as a whole) 由（某人）创作的（尤指其全部作品）: the works of Shakespeare 莎士比亚的着作 (Cf 参看 Shakespeare's comedies) * the paintings of Picasso 毕加索的画 * the poems of John Lennon 约翰?伦农的诗.
(a) concerning or depicting (sb/sth) 关於, 描绘（某人[某事物]）: stories of crime and adventure 犯罪与冒险的故事 * a photograph of my dog 我的狗的照片 * a picture of the Queen 女王的像 * a map of Ireland 爱尔兰的地图. (b) about (sb/sth) 关於（某人[某事物]）: I've never heard of such places. 我从未听说过这些地方. * He told us of his travels. 他给我们讲了他的旅行见闻.
(indicating the material used to make sth 表示制作某物的材料): a dress of silk 丝的连衣裙 * shirts made of cotton 棉布制的衬衫 * a house (built) of stone 石（筑的）房子. Cf 参看 from 8.
(used to show a special grammatical relationship 用以表示某种语法关系) (a) (introducing the object of the action expressed by the preceding n 引入前一名词所示行为的客体): a lover of (ie sb who loves) classical music 爱好古典音乐的人 * fear of the dark 怕黑 * any hope of being elected 当选的希望 * the forging of a banknote 伪造钞票. (b) (introducingthe subject of the action expressed by the preceding n 引入前一名词所示行为的主体): the support of the voters, ie the voters supporting sb 选民的支持 * the feelings of a rape victim towards her attacker 遭强奸的受害人对暴徒的愤怒 * the love of a mother for her child 母亲对其孩子的爱 * the beliefs of religious groups 宗教团体的信仰.
(a) (indicating what is measured, counted or contained 表示数量或内容): a pint of milk 一品脱奶 * 2 kilos of potatoes 2公斤土豆 * a sheet of paper 一张纸 * a loaf of bread 一个面包 * a box of matches 一盒火柴 * a bottle of lemonade 一瓶汽水 * a bag of groceries 一袋食品杂货. (b) (showing the relationship between part and the whole of sth 表示某物的部分和整体的关系): a member of the football team 足球队一队员 * for six months of the year 全年的六个月. (c) (used after some, many, a few, etc and between a numeral or superlative adj and a pron or det 用於some、 many、 a few等之后以及数词或最高级形容词与代词或限定词之间): some of his friends 他的一些朋友 * a few of my records 我的几张唱片 * not much of the food 不多的食物 * six of them 他们中的六个人 * five of the team 球队中的五个人 * the last of the girls 这些姑娘中的最后一人 * the most expensive of the presents 那些礼物中的最贵重者 * the richest of all her friends 她的朋友中最有钱的.
(a) (used in expressions showing distance in space or time 用於表示时空距离的词组中): a village 5 miles north of Leeds 利兹以北5英里的一个村庄 * within 100 yards of the station 该站100码以内 * Within a year of their divorce he had remarried. 他离婚不到一年就又结婚了. * (US) a quarter of eleven, ie 10.45 am or pm 差一刻十一点. (b) (used in dates 用於日期): the twenty-second of July 七月二十二日 * the first of May 五月一日.
so that sb no longer has or suffers from (sth) 因而某人不再有（某事物）: rob sb of sth 抢某人的某物 * deprived of his mother's protection 被剥夺了母亲对他的保护 * relieved of responsibility 解除了责任 * cure sb of drug-addiction 医好某人的毒瘾.
(indicating a cause 表示原因): die of pneumonia 死於肺炎 * ashamed of one's behaviour 对自己的行为感到羞耻 * proud of being captain 因当队长而骄傲.
(introducing a phrase in apposition 引入同位语): the city of Dublin 都柏林市 * the issue of housing 住房问题 * on the subject of education 论教育 * at the age of 16 在16岁那年.
(introducing a phrase that describes a preceding n 引入名词的后置修饰语): a coat of many colours 一件彩色大衣 (Cf 参看 a multi-coloured coat) * a girl of ten 10岁的女孩儿 (Cf 参看 a ten-year-old girl) * a woman of genius 有天才的女子 * a child of strange appearance 外貌奇特的孩子 * an item of value 一件值钱的物品 * products of foreign origin 外国的产品.
(used between ns, the first describing the second 用於两名词之间, 前者修饰后者): He's got the devil of a temper. 他脾气极坏. * Where's that fool of a receptionist? 那个笨蛋接待员在什麽地方? * He's a fine figure of a man. 他是个体型好看的男子.
in relation to (sth); concerning (sth) 涉及, 有关（某事物）: the result of the debate 辩论的结果 * the time of departure 起程的时刻 * the topic of conversation 谈话的题目 * a dictionary of English 英语词典 * the Professor of Mathematics 数学教授 * his chance of winning 他赢的机会 * sure of one's facts 确信自己的论据.
chosen from (others of a kind); contrasted with 从（同类中）择出; 与...成对照: I'm surprised that you of all people think that. 我奇怪, 在所有人当中只有你想着那件事. * A flat tyre today of all days what bad luck! 偏偏今天车胎瘪了--真倒霉!
(used to show who is being described by It is/was + adj 用在it is/was +形容词的句型里, 表示描述的对象): It was kind of you to offer. 谢谢你的好意. * It's wrong of your boss to suggest it. 你们老板那样提是不对的.
(dated 旧) frequently happening at (a specified time) 经常在（某时刻）发生: They used to visit me of a Sunday, ie on Sundays. 从前他们每星期日都来看我. * Often, of an evening (ie in the evening), we'd hear the sirens. 我们常常在傍晚听到警报声.

with
with
/ wɪð, wɪθ; wɪð, wɪθ/ prep
(a) in the company or presence of (sb/sth) 和（某人[某事物]）在一起: live with one's parents 与父母住在一起 * go on holiday with a friend 和朋友一起去度假 * spend time with the children 跟孩子在一起度时光 * discuss the plans with an expert 同专家研究计画 * I've got a client with me at the moment. 我现在有个委托人. * Put the dolls away with your other toys. 把这些玩具娃娃和你的其他玩具放在一起. * If you mix blue with yellow you get green. 把蓝色和黄色混合在一起就成了绿色. * Can I wear this tie with my blue shirt? 我穿蓝衬衫能系这条领带吗? * The money is on the table with the shopping-list. 钱在桌子上跟购物单在一起呢. (b) in the care, charge or possession of (sb) 由（某人）照看、 管理或持有: I leave the baby with my mother every day. 我每天都把婴儿交给我母亲照料. * I left a message for you with your secretary. 我给你留了个信儿交给你秘书了. * The keys are with reception. 钥匙都在接待处呢.
having or carrying (sth) 有或带着（某物）: a girl with (ie who has) red hair 红头发的女孩儿 * the man with the scar 带伤疤的男子 * a person with a knowledge of European markets 熟悉欧洲市场的人 * a coat with a belt 有腰带的大衣 * a house with a swimming-pool 带游泳池的房子 * the man with a wooden leg 有一条木腿的男子 * the boy with a camera 带着照相机的男孩儿 * He looked at her with a hurt expression. 他带着受伤害的神情看着她.
(a) (indicating the tool or instrument used 用以表示使用的工具或器具): cut it with a knife 用刀把它切开 * You can see it with a microscope.用显微镜就能看见. * He hit it with a hammer. 他用锤子砸. * feed the baby with a spoon 用勺喂小孩儿 * sew with cotton thread 用棉线缝 * hold the door open with a stone 用石头顶着门让它开着 * I can only move it with your help. 只有靠你帮忙我才能移动它. * It was easy to translate with a dictionary. 借助词典进行翻译就很容易. (b) (indicating the material or item used 用以表示使用的材料或物件): fill the bowl with water 把这个盆装满水 * sprinkle the dish with salt 在这盘菜上撒点盐 * The lorry was loaded with timber. 这辆卡车上装的是木材. * The bag was stuffed with dirty clothes. 这个袋子里塞满了脏衣服.
(a) agreeing with or supporting (sb/sth) 与（某人[某事物]）一致; 支持（某人[某事物]）: We've got all the nurses with us in our fight to stop closures. 我们竭力反对停业, 获得全体护士的支持. * She's going along with management on this issue. 她在这个问题上同意资方的意见. * I'm with you all the way! 我始终和你的意见一致! (b) in opposition to (sth); against (sth) 与（某事物）对立; 反对（某事物）: fight, argue, quarrel, etc with sb 与某人打斗、 争论、 吵架等 * I had a row with Jane. 我跟简吵了一架. * in competition with our rivals 同我们的对手竞争 * play tennis with sb 同某人打网球 * at war with a neighbouring country 同邻国交战.
because of (sth); on account of (sth) 因为或由於（某事物）: blush with embarrassment 因难为情而脸红 * tremble with fear 吓得发抖 * shaking with laughter 笑得浑身直颤 * Her fingers were numb with cold. 她手指冻木了.
(indicating the manner, circumstances or condition in which sth is done or takes place 用以表示方式、 情况、 环境或条件): I'll do it with pleasure. 我很高兴做这件事. * I can lift 50 kilos with an effort. 我用力能举起50公斤的重量. * She performed a somersault with ease, ie easily. 她一下子就翻了一个跟头. * He acted with discretion, ie discreetly. 他做得很谨慎. * She sleeps with the light on. 她爱开着灯睡觉. * He welcomed her with open arms. 他热情地欢迎她. * Don't stand with your hands in your pockets. 站着的时候不要把手插在口袋里. * With your permission, sir, I'd like to speak. 先生, 若您允许, 我想发言.
in the same direction as (sth) 与（某物）方向一致: sail with the wind 顺风驶船 * swim with the tide 顺着潮流游泳 * drift with the current 顺水飘浮 * The shadow moves with the sun. 这个影子跟着太阳移动.
because of and at the same rate as (sth) 随着（某事物）: The shadows lengthened with the approach of sunset. 随着太阳下落, 影子也逐渐伸长. * Skill comes with experience. 经验越多, 技巧越熟练. * Good wine will improve with age. 佳酿越陈越醇.
in regard to, towards or concerning(sb/sth) 对於或关於（某人[某事物]）: careful with the glasses 当心这些玻璃杯 * patient with your aunt 对你姑姑耐心些 * angry with my children 生我孩子的气 * pleased with the result 对结果满意 * inconsistent with an earlier statement 与前述不一致 * a problem with accommodation 关於住宿的问题 * What can he want with me? 他能要我做什麽呢? * What can one do with half a chess set? 只有半副棋有什麽办法呢?
in the case of (sb/sth); as regards (sb/sth) 对（某人[某事物]）来说; 至於（某人[某事物]）: With Italians it's pronunciation that's the problem. 对意大利人来说, 发音是个问题. * It's a very busy time with us at the moment. 我们现在非常忙.
and also (sth); including (sth) 连...带...; 包括（某事物）: The meal with wine came to 12 each. 那顿饭连酒每人12英镑. * With preparation and marking a teacher works 12 hours a day. 一个教师连备课带改作业每天工作12小时. * The week cost us over 500 but that was with skiing lessons. 那个星期我们花了500多英镑, 但其中包括滑雪课的学费.
(as) an employee or client of (an organization) （作为）（一组织）的雇员或委托人: I hear he's with ICI now. 我听说他现在在帝国化学工业公司工作. * She acted with a repertory company for three years. 她在一个轮演剧目剧团里演出三年. * We're with the same bank. 我们是同一个银行的客户.
(indicating separation from sth/sb 用以表示与某事物[某人]分离): I could never part with this ring. 我永远戴着这个戒指. * Can we dispense with the formalities? 咱们能免去这些礼节吗?
considering (one fact in relation to another) 考虑到（一事与另一事的关系）: With only two days to go we can't afford to relax. 只有两天时间了, 我们可不能松懈. * With no hope of a holiday life's very depressing. 度假无望, 日子自然过得很沉闷. * She won't be able to help us, with all her family commitments. 她帮不了我们, 她家里的事还多着呢.
in spite of (sth); despite 尽管; 虽然: With all her faults he still liked her. 尽管她有那麽多缺点, 可他还是喜欢她.
(idm 习语) be with sb (infml 口) be able to follow what sb is saying 能明白某人说的话: I'm afraid I'm not quite with you. 很抱歉, 我不太懂您的意思. `with it (dated sl 旧, 俚) (a) knowledgeable about current fashions and ideas; alert 了解时代潮流和意识; 敏感的: Come on get with it! 好啦--时髦点儿吧! * He's not very with it today. 他今天有点迟钝. (b) (of clothes and their wearers) fashionable （指衣物和穿着者）时髦的: She's more with it now than she was 20 years ago. 她比20年前时髦了. with `that immediately after that 紧接着; 随即: He muttered a few words of apology and with that he left. 他支支吾吾地道个歉就马上走了.

Answer 2

spend指“花费”金钱或时间。主语一般是人。
cost意为“花费”，主语通常是某物，“花费”的是金钱、时间或劳力，可接双宾语。
如：The book cost her 20 yuan。
还有一个take 指花费时间，主语一般是某件事，可接双宾语。
如：It will take me half an hour to answer your question.(很辛苦的)

关于of和with，笼统一点说，of表示一种属性。如It’s very kind of you.（指你人善良，友好这种属性）
with 表示一种伴随，或者是借助某种工具。
she didn’t dare to sleep with the windows open。（窗户开着，她不敢睡觉。伴随窗户开着这种情况）
举一些惯用短语吧
of
of one's own accord 自愿
of one's own choice 出于自己的选择
of oneself 靠自己，自动的
with
in connection with 与......相联
in accordance with 与......一致
in harmony with 与......协调

Answer 3

1)spend的主语必须是“人”，宾语可以是钱，精力，时间等，其后用on(for)+名词或用in(可省略)+动名词形式，不接不定式。如：
He spent a lot of money for his new car.
他花了很多钱买了这辆新车。
He spends much money on books.
他平时将很多钱用在买书上。
Mr Li spends a lot of time(in)helping his students with their English.
李老师花很多时间帮助他的学生学英语。�

2)cost可用于表示花时间和金钱，其主语一般是“物”或“事”，表示“费用”、“耗费”。如：
The book cost him one dollar.这本书用了他一美元。�
Homework costs the children much time. 家庭作业要花孩子们许多时间。�
注意：cost与表示时间的词连用时，不能与具体时间长度连用，只能与表示抽象概念的时间短语(如some time,much time等)连用。�

with, prep. 和...一起,用
eg. I leave the baby with my mother every day.
of, prep. …的,表示所属
eg. Joan of Arc was made a saint in 1920.

Answer 4

1.sb. spend (some time) in doing sth.
sb. spend (some money) on sth.
sth. cost sb. + sth.(time/money)
It costs(any tense) sb.+ sth.(time/money) to do sth.
2.of表示……的性质（sth.+of+形容词的名次形式）、所属于……（sth.+of+sth.）,有时甚至会表示对象（如：approve of sth.：对……表示同意）
with表示用/通过……的方式（eg. Write the essay with a pen:用钢笔写短文）,或者表示伴随、一起（travel with sb., etc.),还有放在表示伴随状态的非谓语前（Less meat is accessible to us, with the price rising up all the time.:随着价格的不断上涨，我们能买的肉制品变少了）

大致就这样~我想到了再告诉你~ 加油！May force be with you!

Answer 5

spend和cost都有花费的意思，但spend通常以短语形式出现：spend (how much money)on sth
cost就单独出现sth cost sb (how much money)
2.of的意思是“的”
with的意思是“和……一起”
意思完全不一样
of用法：he is a friend of mine.
with:I go to the park with my little dog.