宾语从句应注意哪12方面?
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一、宾语从句一律用陈述句语序。例如:
The teacher asked me what I was going to do this evening .
The owner came up to see what was the matter with us . (注:what为主语)
二、宾语从句的谓语动词时态要与主句的谓语动词时态一致。例如:
He asked me if I could help him .
He said he had been there dozens of times .
注意:从句的内容是客观真理时,谓语动词仍用一般现在时。例如:
The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound .
三、如果动词跟that引导的宾语从句,同时又带有宾语补足语,那么常用it作形式宾语,that从句后置即使用句型:vt. + it + adj. / n. + that从句。常用动词有make , think , consider, feel , find 等。例如:
She has made it clear that she will have nothing to do with him .
You may think it strange that anyone would live there .
四、当think , suppose , believe , expect等动词引出一个否定概念(宾语从句)时,通常把这一类动词变成否定式,而不改变后面的动词。例如:
I don't think that I know you .
I don't suppose that he will be back until nine .
五、当that从句作动词order, suggest (建议),demand , insist (坚持,要求)等宾语时,其中的谓语动词常有“(should) + 动词原形”,即虚拟形式。例如:
Tom suggested they (should) all empty their pockets on the table .
I insisted that he (should) come with us .
六、当that从句作介词宾语时,常用it作先行词,而that从句后置,但except , but 等之后可以直接跟that从句,即使用except/but that…。例如:
You may depend on it that he will come in time .
She knew nothing about his journey except that he was likely to be away for three months .
七、whether引导的宾语从句可作介词的宾语,而if引导的宾语从句则不行。例如:
It all depends on whether they will support us .
八、wish引导的宾语从句中(1)表示与现在事实相反时,谓语动词用过运河式;(2)表示与过去事实相反对,谓语动词用过去完成时形式;(3)表示不易实现的愿望时,谓语动词用“would/could + 动词原形”形式。例如:
——He is a very brave man .
——Yes , I wish I had his courage .
I wished that I had seen you yesterday .
I wish I could fly to the moon some day .
九、在believe , think , expect , say , suppose 等动词后,可用so代替一个宾语从句,代指上文涉及的事。在hope , believe , be afraid等后,可用not代替一个否定意义的宾语从句。例如:
——We'll have good weather tomorrow .
——I hope so .
——Will they be ready tomorrow ?
——Yes , I believe so. / No , I believe not.
十、引导宾语从句的that常可省略,但在介词后不可省略。另外,两个或更多由that引导的宾语从句并列时,仅可省略第一个连词that。例如:
You can depend on that they will support you .
He said (that) there wasn't any trouble and that he was waiting for his change .
The teacher asked me what I was going to do this evening .
The owner came up to see what was the matter with us . (注:what为主语)
二、宾语从句的谓语动词时态要与主句的谓语动词时态一致。例如:
He asked me if I could help him .
He said he had been there dozens of times .
注意:从句的内容是客观真理时,谓语动词仍用一般现在时。例如:
The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound .
三、如果动词跟that引导的宾语从句,同时又带有宾语补足语,那么常用it作形式宾语,that从句后置即使用句型:vt. + it + adj. / n. + that从句。常用动词有make , think , consider, feel , find 等。例如:
She has made it clear that she will have nothing to do with him .
You may think it strange that anyone would live there .
四、当think , suppose , believe , expect等动词引出一个否定概念(宾语从句)时,通常把这一类动词变成否定式,而不改变后面的动词。例如:
I don't think that I know you .
I don't suppose that he will be back until nine .
五、当that从句作动词order, suggest (建议),demand , insist (坚持,要求)等宾语时,其中的谓语动词常有“(should) + 动词原形”,即虚拟形式。例如:
Tom suggested they (should) all empty their pockets on the table .
I insisted that he (should) come with us .
六、当that从句作介词宾语时,常用it作先行词,而that从句后置,但except , but 等之后可以直接跟that从句,即使用except/but that…。例如:
You may depend on it that he will come in time .
She knew nothing about his journey except that he was likely to be away for three months .
七、whether引导的宾语从句可作介词的宾语,而if引导的宾语从句则不行。例如:
It all depends on whether they will support us .
八、wish引导的宾语从句中(1)表示与现在事实相反时,谓语动词用过运河式;(2)表示与过去事实相反对,谓语动词用过去完成时形式;(3)表示不易实现的愿望时,谓语动词用“would/could + 动词原形”形式。例如:
——He is a very brave man .
——Yes , I wish I had his courage .
I wished that I had seen you yesterday .
I wish I could fly to the moon some day .
九、在believe , think , expect , say , suppose 等动词后,可用so代替一个宾语从句,代指上文涉及的事。在hope , believe , be afraid等后,可用not代替一个否定意义的宾语从句。例如:
——We'll have good weather tomorrow .
——I hope so .
——Will they be ready tomorrow ?
——Yes , I believe so. / No , I believe not.
十、引导宾语从句的that常可省略,但在介词后不可省略。另外,两个或更多由that引导的宾语从句并列时,仅可省略第一个连词that。例如:
You can depend on that they will support you .
He said (that) there wasn't any trouble and that he was waiting for his change .
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