Question

怎么找非谓语的逻辑主语？

Answer 1

用好非谓语动词，找到其逻辑主语是关键，下文结合例句和考题讨论非谓语动词的逻辑主语的位置。
一、句子的主语
非谓语动词作状语、主语补足语时，其逻辑主语为句子的主语。如：
Charles Babbage is generally considered to have invented the first computer.（to have invented为句子的主语补足语，它的逻辑主语是Charles Babbage，该动作在谓语动词所示动作之前发生，用完成式）
例1 _____ an important decision more on emotion than on reason，you will regret it sooner or later.
A. Based B. Basing C. Base D. To base
解析：选B。动词base与逻辑主语you之间构成主动关系，因此用现在分词作状语。注意：（sb.）base A on B相当于A is based on B。
例2 Having finished her project，she was invited by the school _____ to the new students.
A. speaking B. having spoken
C. to speak D. to have spoken
解析：选C。to speak作逻辑主语she的补足语，注意搭配invite sb. to do sth.。
二、句子的宾语
非谓语动词作宾语补足语，该宾语就是非谓语动词的逻辑主语。如：
S

Answer 2

我们知道，动词的非谓语形式有三种：不定式、v-ing形式和v-ed形式。非谓语的逻辑主语，也就是在逻辑上存在的关系。它不像动词作谓语时，主语和动词存在主动或被动。
1.不定式。如：It is very hard for us to learn English well in a short time.此句中，to learn English well是主语，us 是动词不定式的逻辑上的主语。（是"我们"学习英语)
2.v-ing.如：His being late again made the teacher very angry.
又迟到了是他(his)。
Arriving at a strange-looking house,he showed me into a large ,bright,clean room.来到的人是他（he)
一般来说，作状语的非谓语动词的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。
3.v-ed形式。如：Astonished at the amount of work in the new timetable,Lucy decided to leave her job immediately.
惊讶的人是Lucy，也就是说astonished 的逻辑主语是Lucy.