求1/x²+4的不定积分
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【1】如果是求∫
[1/(x²
+
4)]dx的不定积分;
换元法:令x
=
2tanμ,dx
=
2sec²μ
dμ
∫
[1/(x²
+
4)]dx
=
∫
[(2sec²μ)/(4tan²μ
+
4)]dμ
=
∫{
2sec²μ/[4(tan²μ
+
1)]}
dμ
=
(1/2)∫
sec²μ/sec²μ
dμ
=
μ/2
+
c
=
(1/2)arctan(x/2)
+
c
(c为常数)
另外换元法:令x=2y,dx=2dy
∫
[1/(x²
+
4)]dx
=∫
[2/(4y²
+
4)]dy
=½∫[1/(y²
+
1)]dy
=½arctany
+
c
=½arctan(x/2)
+
c
(c为常数)
【2】如果是求∫(1/x²
+
4)dx的不定积分;
∫
(1/x²
+
4)dx
= ∫
(1/x²)dx
+
4∫dx
=(-1/x)+4x
+
d
(d为常数)
[1/(x²
+
4)]dx的不定积分;
换元法:令x
=
2tanμ,dx
=
2sec²μ
dμ
∫
[1/(x²
+
4)]dx
=
∫
[(2sec²μ)/(4tan²μ
+
4)]dμ
=
∫{
2sec²μ/[4(tan²μ
+
1)]}
dμ
=
(1/2)∫
sec²μ/sec²μ
dμ
=
μ/2
+
c
=
(1/2)arctan(x/2)
+
c
(c为常数)
另外换元法:令x=2y,dx=2dy
∫
[1/(x²
+
4)]dx
=∫
[2/(4y²
+
4)]dy
=½∫[1/(y²
+
1)]dy
=½arctany
+
c
=½arctan(x/2)
+
c
(c为常数)
【2】如果是求∫(1/x²
+
4)dx的不定积分;
∫
(1/x²
+
4)dx
= ∫
(1/x²)dx
+
4∫dx
=(-1/x)+4x
+
d
(d为常数)
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