Question

双语篮球的来历50字

双语篮球的来历50字

Answer 1

双语篮球的来历50字中文：篮球的起源是1891年12月初在美国马萨诸塞州斯普林菲尔德(Springfield)市基督教青年会国际训练学校(后为春田学院)，该校体育教师詹姆斯·奈史密斯(James Naismith)博士为了解决冬季室外寒冷，橄榄球、棒球无法正常开展而发明了篮球，他借鉴了篮网球(netball)的规则，当年的篮球规则只有13条，奈史密斯博士于1939年去世，终年78岁。
他未曾料到，由他创建的篮球项目竟然已经发展为美国国内的第三运动以及世界第十大球类运动，参与人数甚至略微超过了冰球。为了纪念奈史密斯博士发明篮球的功绩，在春田学院校园内修建了美国篮球名人馆-詹姆斯·奈史密斯纪念馆。
1891年，奈史密斯在 马萨诸塞州斯普林菲尔德基督教青年会国际训练学校任教。他从当地儿童喜欢用球投向桃子筐(当地盛产桃子，各家各户都备有桃筐)的游戏中得到启发，创编了篮球游戏。
起初，奈史密斯将两只篮筐别钉在健身房内看台的栏杆上，篮筐上沿距离地面3.04米(约10码)，用足球作比赛工具，向篮投掷。投球入篮得1分，按得分多少决定胜负。每次投球进篮后，要爬梯子将球取出再重新开始比赛。以后逐步将竹篮改为活底的铁篮，再改为铁圈下面挂网。人们称这种游戏为“奈史密斯球”或“筐球”，很长一段时间之后，经过他与同事们反复商量才定名为“篮球”。
奈史密斯30岁时便发明了篮球，但篮球诞生后近半个世纪始终被人们所忽视，直到1936年柏林奥运会上才受到应有的尊重。75岁高龄的奈史密斯随美国篮球队抵达柏林，但美国篮球队教练只负责他从美国到柏林的机票费，不承担其在柏林的旅馆费和入场券费用。而美国奥委会对此置之不理，使得这位篮球之父心情十分沉重。
国际业余篮球联合会首任秘书长威廉·琼斯则很尊重和敬佩他，不仅解决了他的旅馆费用，并邀请他为奥运会首场篮球比赛开球。开球前，琼斯向全体参赛运动员介绍了这位篮球发明者，奈史密斯受到大家的热烈欢迎。全部比赛结束后，琼斯又安排奈史密斯主持发奖仪式，并授予他一枚奥林匹克特别勋章表彰他发明篮球的功绩。当一位德国小姑娘向他敬献月桂冠时，奈史密斯欣喜若狂，激动得把帽子抛向天空。
奈史密斯于1939年逝世。为了永远怀念这位篮球运动先驱，国际篮联在1950年第1届世界男子篮球锦标赛期间举行的第一次中央局，决定把世界男子篮球锦标赛的金杯命名为“奈史密斯杯”。
到1893年，才形成近似现代的篮板球、篮圈和篮网。最初的篮球比赛，对上场人数、场地大小，比赛时间均无严格限制。只需双方参加比赛的人数必须相等。比赛开始，双方队员分别站在两端线外，裁判员鸣哨并将球掷向球场中间，双方跑向场内抢球，开始比赛。持球者可以抱着球跑向篮下投篮，首先达到预定分数者为胜。1892年，奈史密斯制定了13条比赛规则，主要规定是不准持球跑，不准有粗野动作，不准用拳击球，否则即判犯规连续3次犯规判负1分;比赛时间规定为上、下半时，各15分钟;对场地大小也作了规定。上场比赛人数逐步缩减为每队10人、9人、7人，1893年定为每队上场5人。相对于原始的五大宗旨以及十三篮球竞赛规则来说，1893年的规则又进一步得到了完善。
1904年在第3届奥林匹克运动会上第1次进行了篮球表演赛。1908年美国制定了全国统一的篮球规则，并有多种文字出版，发行于全世界， 1936年第11届奥运会将男子篮球列为正式比赛项目，并统一了世界篮球竞赛规则，此后，到1948年的10多年间，规则曾多次修改，与现行规则有关的重要变化是:将得分后的中圈跳球，改为失分队在后场端线外掷界外球继续比赛;进攻队必须在10秒钟内把球推进到前场;球进前场后不得再回后场;进攻队员不得在“限制区”内停留3秒钟;投篮队员被侵犯时，投中罚球1次，投不中罚球2次等。1952年和1956年第15、16两届奥运会的篮球比赛中，出现了两米以上的多人，国际业余篮球联合会曾两次扩大篮球场地的“限制区”(也叫“3分区”);还规定，一个队控制球后，必须在30秒内投篮出手。60年代初有关10秒和球回后场的规定，一度因1960年第17届奥运会后取消了中场线改画边线的中点而中止。1964年第18届奥运会后，又恢复了中场线，这些规定又继续执行。1977年增加了每队满10次犯规后，在防守犯规时罚球两次，防投篮时犯规两罚有1次不中再加罚1次的规定。1981年又将10次犯规后罚球的规定缩减到8次。很明显，人员的变化的技术，战术的发展引起了规则的改变，而规则的改变又促进了人员和技术、战术的进一步发展变化。特别是50年代后期以来，规则的改变对篮球比赛的攻守速度，对运动员的身体、技术、战术以及意志、作风等各方面都不断提出新的更高的要求，促进了篮球技术水平的迅速提高，女子篮球是1976年第21届奥运会上才列为正式比赛项目的。
英语：
The origin of basketball is early December 1891 Springfield, Massachusetts in the United States (Springfield) at the ymca international training school (after Springfield college), the school physical education teachers James Naismith (James Naismith) in order to solve the winter cold outside, Dr Football, baseball, unable to properly conduct and invented basketball, his reference to a basket of tennis (netball) rules, the rules of basketball is only 13, Dr Naismith died in 1939, aged 78.
He didn't expect that the basketball program he created had developed into the third sport in the United States and the world's top 10 ball games, even slightly more than the hockey puck. In honor of Dr. Naismith's contribution to the invention of basketball, he built the James naismith memorial museum on the campus of springfield college.
In 1891, naismith taught at the international training school for the ymca at springfield, Massachusetts. He was inspired by the local children's love of the ball to the peach basket (which is rich in peaches and a basket of peach baskets) and created a basketball game.
At first, naismith pinned two baskets to the railing of the stands in the gym. The basket was 3.04 meters (about 10 yards) along the floor, using soccer as a game tool and throwing it to the basket. Throw a shot into the basket and make a point. After each throw into the basket, climb the ladder to remove the ball and restart the game. In the future, the bamboo basket will be changed to a living iron basket, and then the net under the iron circle. People called the game "naismith's ball" or "basket ball", and after a long time, he and his colleagues repeatedly discussed it before calling it "basketball".
Naismith invented basketball at the age of 30, but basketball has been neglected for nearly half a century until the 1936 Olympics in Berlin. The 75 - year - old naismith along with the American basketball team arrived in Berlin, but the American basketball team coach only responsible for his airfare to Berlin from the United States, do not assume the hotel expenses and expenses of tickets in Berlin. The us Olympic committee ignored this, making the father of basketball very heavy.
William Jones, the first secretary general of the international amateur basketball federation, respected and respected him, not only solving his hotel expenses, but also inviting him to kick off for the opening of the Olympic Games. Before kick-off, Jones introduced the basketball inventor to all the players, and naismith received a warm welcome. After the game was over, Jones arranged for naismith to host the award ceremony and awarded him a special Olympic medal for his exploits in basketball. When a German girl gave him the crown, naismith was overjoyed, tossing his hat into the air.
Naismith died in 1939. In order to remember the basketball movement pioneer, fiba in 1950 during the first session of the world men's basketball tournament at the first c.o., decided to put the world man basketball championship gold cup named "naismith cup".
By 1893, it had become a modern basketball cricket, hoop and net. In the original basketball game, there was no strict restriction on the number of players and the size of the field. Only the number of people participating in the competition must be equal. At the beginning of the match, the two sides of the team stood outside the two lines, the referee whistled and threw the ball in the middle of the court, the two sides ran to the court to grab the ball and start the game. A player can run toward the basket with a ball, first to win the predetermined score. In 1892, naismith laid down 13 rules of the game. The main stipulation was that he was not allowed to run the ball, no rough action, no boxing, or a foul on three consecutive fouls. The time of the match shall be 15 minutes for the upper and lower half. There are also rules on the size of the site. The number of players in the game has been reduced to 10, 9 and 7 in each team, with a team of 5 in 1893. In contrast to the original five purposes and the rule of the thirteen basketball game, the rule of 1893 was further improved.
At the 3rd Olympic Games in 1904, he played a basketball exhibition game. The United States in 1908 formulated the unified national basketball rules, and there are many words published, issue all over the world, in 1936 the 11th Olympic Games men's basketball as official event, and unified the world basketball competition rules, since then, in 1948 to more than 10 years, rules have been modified, important change is related to the current rules: will score after the jump ball in the circle, instead of losing team in the back end line throw-in continue; The offensive team must push the ball to the front in 10 seconds. The ball must not be returned to the back court after entering the front yard; The offensive player must not stay in the "restricted zone" for 3 seconds; When the shooter was attacked, he made a free throw and missed two free throws. In 1952 and 1956, 15, 16 two Olympic Games basketball match, appeared more than two meters above, the international amateur basketball federation has twice expand basketball court "restricted area" (also called "3 partitions"); Also, a team that controls the ball must shoot the ball within 30 seconds. In the early '60s, the 10 seconds and the back of the ball were suspended after the mid-point line was cancelled after the 17th Olympic Games in 1960. After the 18th Olympic Games in 1964, the midfield line was restored and the rules continued. In 1977, after a total of 10 fouls per team, two free throws were made for defensive fouls and two penalties for two fouls and one penalty. In 1981, the penalty was reduced to eight after 10 fouls. It is clear that the changing technology of personnel, the development of tactics has caused the change of rules, and the change of rules has promoted the further development of personnel and technology and tactics. Especially since the late 50 s, the change of the rules of the game of basketball are very speed, the athlete's body, technique and tactics and style of the will, and so on various aspects are continuously put forward new and higher requirements, promoted the rapid improvement in basketball technical level, the women's basketball is the 1976 Olympic Games in the 21st is classified as official event.

Answer 2

！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！
！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！
！！！ ！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！

Answer 3

　　篮球体育教师詹姆斯·奈史密斯(James Naismith)博士发明，当年的篮球规则只有13条。
　　1891年，奈史密斯在学校任教。这所学校体育系主任卢瑟·古利克委托他设计一项室内集体游戏。他从当地儿童喜欢用球投向桃子筐（当地盛产桃子，各家各户都备有桃筐）的游戏中得到启发，创编了篮球游戏。
　　起初，奈史密斯将两只篮筐别钉在健身房内看台的栏杆上，篮筐上沿距离地面3.04米(约10码)，用足球作比赛工具，向篮投掷。投球入篮得1分，按得分多少决定胜负。每次投球进篮后，要爬梯子将球取出再重新开始比赛。以后逐步将竹篮改为活底的铁篮，再改为铁圈下面挂网。