Question

agreement与contract有何区别

Answer 1

在英语中，合同一般称为Contract，协议一般称为Agreement。何谓“Contract”？

1999年中国《合同法》第二条对contract定义为：A contact in this Law refers to an
agreement establishing, modifying and terminating the civil rights and obligations between subjects of equal footing, that is, between natural persons, legal persons or other organizations. 根据这一定义，合同平等主体之间设立的确定民事权利和义务的协议。

Steven H. Gifts编著的“Law Dictionary”中将contract 定义为“contract is a promise, or a
set of promises, for breach of which the law gives remedy, or the performance of the which the
law in some way recognize as a duty.”根据这一定义，合同是一种承诺，违反承诺可以得到法
律救助，某种意义上法律将履行该承诺看做是一种补偿。

L.B Curzon 在其编撰的字典“A Dictionary of Law”给contract的定义：“Contract is a legally
binding agreement”根据这一定义，合同就是有法律约束力的协议。

综合起来，有一个相同点，就是“Contract is an agreement”，即可将事同说成是“An
agreement which binds the parties concerned”或者说成是“An agreement which is enforceable
by law”，也可以说：Contracts are promises that the law will enforce。何谓“Agreement”？

L.B “A consensus of mind, or evidence of such consensus, in spoke or written form, relating
to anything done or to be done.”根据这一定义，协议是对已经做或准备做的相关事宜，经过
谈判、协商后取得一致意见，以口头或书面形式做出的约定。

Black “Law Dictionary”有两个定义。一个是：“A concord of understanding and intention
between two or more parties with respect to the effect upon their relative rights and duties, of
certain past or future facts or performance。”根据这一定义，协议即双方或多方某些过去或将
来某些事实的相关权利、义务或相关权利、义务的履行而达成的一致理解和愿望。

另一个是：The consent of two or more persons concurring respecting the transmission of
some property, right or benefits, with the view of contacting an obligation, a mutual obligation根
据这一定义，协议即两个或多个当事人，为了约定单方责任或相互责任，就财产权利、利益
的转移取得的一致同意。
Contract（合同）和Agreement（协议）是不是可以互换呢？
合同的成立必须具备几个主要因素。它们（要约和承诺构成的）协议、约因、设立法律
关系的愿望和缔约能力四大部分组成。
L.B Curzon编著的“A Diction of Law”提到“Contract generally involves”
1. offer and absolute and unqualified acceptance （邀约和绝对接受）
2. consensus ad idem （意思表示一致，也叫meeting of minds）
3. intention to create legal relations （建立合同关系的意愿）
4. genuineness of consent （同意的真实性）
5. contractual capacity of the parties （合同当事人的缔约能力）
6. legality of object（目标的合法性）
7. possibility of performance （履行的可能性）
8. certainty of terms（条款的确定性）
9. valuable consideration（等价有偿）

Black “Law Dictionary” 中解释道：Although often used as synonyms with “contract”,
agreement is a broader term, e.g. an agreement might lack an essential element of a contact.
“协议”和“合同”经常用作同义词，但“协议”这一术语含义更广，例如协议可能缺乏
同的必备条款（essential clauses/provisions）。

实际使用当中，协议可不受必备条款的限制，而称为合同的文体肯定少不了必备条
款，有的合同将其单列，称为一般条款（General provisions）。

Answer 2

他们很相似，但是仍然是有区别的，简单的来说,‘contract’ 要比 ‘agreement’更加正式，更具有法律效应。

下面这些解释可以供你参考：
A contract is an agreement between parties that will legally enforceable. A simple "agreement" is an arrangement between the parties which may or may not contain the necessary elements to be enforceable before a court of law. A valid contract must contain the seven valid elements which are:
· Offer
· Acceptance
· Consideration
· Intention
· Form
· Genuine consent
· Legality

再加一些：
The terms are sometimes used interchangeably. Quite often the word "contract" can mean the document containing the agreement, but "agreement" can be used in that sense too. Contract also tends to be used to mean a binding or formal agreement. Law students study the law of contract, rather than the law of agreements.

ps：你肯定可以看懂的吧，我就偷懒不翻译了，呵呵

Answer 3

agreement与contract都有合同，合约的意思。前者只做名词讲，后者除名词性外还可做vt.vi讲，订

Answer 4

合同和协议没有什么区别。《合同法》第二条规定：合同是平等主体之间设立、变更、终止民事权利义务关系的协议。从这一概念中可以看出，合同就是协议。但根据逻辑学的原理，协议是合同的种概念，即所有的合同都是协议，但并非所有的协议都是合同，所以说合同是具有特定内容的协议。
协议的定义:机关、企事业单位、社会团体或个人，相互之间为了某个经济问题，或者合作办理某项事情，经过共同协商后，订立的共同遵守和执行的条文。与合同的区别是：
1、合同有违约责任的规定，协议书没有。
2、经济合同有“合用法”作为依据，协议书暂时没有具体法规规定。
3、协议书比合同应用范围广，项目往往比合同项目要大，内容不如合同具体。因此，协议书签订以后，往往还要分项签订一些专门合

Answer 5

agreenment是 协商 协同一致
contrack是合同 契约

用的地点和表达的强制程度不一样