Question

When和while引导的主从复合句的句式是什么。。求详细

Answer 1

一、when可以和延续性动词连用，也可以和短暂性动词连用；而while只能和延续性动词连用。
① Why do you want a new job when you have got such a good one already？（get为短暂性动词）你已经找到如此好的工作，为何还想再找新的？
②Sorry，I was out when you called me．（call为短暂性动词）对不起，你打电话时我刚好外出了。
③Strike while the iron is hot．（is为延续性动词，表示一种持续的状态）趁热打铁。
④ The students took notes while they listened．（listen为延续性动词）学生们边听课边做笔记。
二、when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生；while从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生。
1．从句动作在主句动作前发生，只用 when。
①When he had finished his homework，he took a short rest．（finished先发生）当他完成作业后，他休息了一会儿。
②When I got to the airport，the guests had left．（got to后发生）当我赶到飞机场时，客人们已经离开了。
2．从句动作和主句动作同时发生，且从句动作为延续性动词时，when，while都可使用。
①When ／While we were dancing，a stranger came in．（dance为延续性动词）当我们跳舞时，一位陌生人走了进来。
②When ／While she was making a phonecall，I was writing a letter．（make为延续性动词）当她在打电话时，我正在写信。
3．在将来时从句中，常用when，且从句须用一般时代替将来时。
①You shall borrow the book when I have finished reading it．在我读完这本书后，你可以借阅。
②When the manager comes here for a visit next week，Ill talk with him about this．下周，经理来这参观时，我会和他谈谈此事。

Answer 2

when while 并没有什么固定，句式啊，他们都依附于主句，引导时间状语从句，但when有几个固定句型，不能与while替换 be doing sth...when, be about to do sth...when, be on the point of doing sth...when
while 此外还有两个用法，一是作为一个转折连词，相当于but，意思是然而，但是：另外一个是引导让步状语从句，意思是尽管

Answer 3

1.While引导时间状语从句时，做“当…时候…”讲时，只能与延续性动词连用。When可以和延续性动词或非延续性动词连用。
While he was reading,he fell asleep. When he came in,I was having lunch. When I was sleeping,a thief broke in.
2．从句动作和主句动作同时发生，且从句动作为延续性动词时，when，while，as都可使用。
①When／While／As we were dancing，a stranger came in．（dance为延续性动词）当我们跳舞时，一位陌生人走了进来。
②When／While／As she was making a phone call，I was writing a letter．（make为延续性动词）
3.由when引导的时间状语从句，主句用过去进行时，从句应用一般过去时；如果从句和主句的动作同时发生，两句都用过去进行时的时候，多用while引导，如： a. When the teacher came in, we were talking. 当此句改变主从句的位置时，则为： While we were talking, the teacher came in. b. They were singing while we were dancing.

延续性动词与非延续性动词
一.延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。
二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。 如:open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy等。

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