英语语法同位语从句与定语从句的区别
英语语法同位语从句与定语从句的区别 篇1
同位语从句与定语从句形相似而实质不同,具体表现在以下几个方面:
(1)被修饰的词不同。同位语从句的前面一般是数量有限的、表示抽象意义的名词;而定语从句的先行词是无数的指人或物名词。
(2)从句的作用不同。同位语从句表示同位名词的具体内容;而定语从句是对先行词—名词的限制、描绘或说明。
(3)引导词的作用不同。引导同位语从句的that是连词,在从句中不担任任何成分,但不能省略;而引导定语从句的that为关系代词,在从句中担任句子的某种成分,当担任定语从句中的宾语时,that可以省略。
(4)引导词不同。定语从句不能用what,how,whether引导;而同位从句可以用what,how,whether引导
(5)判定定语从句和同位语从句的方法。同位语从句可充当同位名词的表语;而定语从句不能充当先行词的.表语。
英语语法同位语从句与定语从句的区别 篇2
同位语从句与定语从句的区别
(1)定语从句修饰限定先行词,它与先行词是修饰关系;同位语从句解释说明先行词的具体内容,它与先行词是同位关系。
①The planethat has just taken offis for Paris. (定语从句)
②The factthat he has diedis quite clear. (同位语从句)
(2)定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导,关系词在从句中担当相应的句子成分,关系代词在从句中作宾语时经常可省略。同位语从句主要由连词that 引导,在从句中不充当句子成分;where, when, how, who, whether, what 等连词也可以引导同位语从句,这些连词则在从句中担当成分。
①The newsthat he told meis true. (定语从句)
②The newsthat he has just diedis true. (同位语从句)
③The problemthat we’re facing nowis how we can collect so much money. (定语从句)
④The problemhow we can collect so much moneyis hard to solve. (同位语从句)
⑤The questionthat he raisedpuzzled all of us. (定语从句)
⑥The questionwhether he is sure to win the gameis hard to answer.(同位语从句)
(3)同位语从句与先行词一般可以用be动词发展成一个完整的句子, 而定语从句则不能。如:
①The ideathat we can ask the teacher for adviceis wonderful.
(同位语从句)
→The idea is that we can ask the teacher for advice.
②The factthat the earth moves around the sunis known to all. (同位语从句)
→The fact is that the earth moves around the sun.
③Pay attention to the problemhow we can protect the wild
animals.(同位语从句)
→The problem is how we can protect the wild animals.