初三定语从句「」
1定语的定义
定语是用来修饰或限定名词的。定语一般位于被修饰名词的周围，在名词前面或名词后面。被修饰的'词有时也叫先行词。定语可以是词，短语或句子。
2定语的位置
当定语是词时通常是形容词，放在所修饰名词的前面。
如“一本有趣的书” an interesting book.
当定语是短语时通常用介词短语，放在所修饰名词的后面。
如 “教室里的学生” the students in the classroom.
当定语是一个句子时，通常位于句子的后面，这个句子就叫定语从句。
如：I have a book which is interesting. 对比 I have an interesting book.
3定语从句中的关系代词的用法
常见的关系代词：which / who / whom / that / whose
1.当先行词为人时，可用关系代词who / whom / that / whose
如：
He is the manwho thathelped me yesterday.(作主语）
He is the manwhomwho hat省略\I helped yesterday.（作宾语）
He is the manwhosehouse is beautiful.（作定语）
2.当先行词为物时，可用关系代词which / that /whose
如：
I like the housewhich thathas new furniture. (作主语）
I like the housewhich that 省略\you showed me around yesterday.
I like the housewhosefurniture is new.（作定语）
I like the housethe furniture of whichis new.
小结：关系代词that 可用来修饰人或物，
who / whom只能用于修饰人，
which只能用于修饰物,
whose既可修饰人也可修饰物，但只能用于表所属关系时。
4that 与 which 的用法区别
1. 只能用 that 作为定语从句的关系代词的情况
（1）当先行词是 everything, anything, nothing （something 除外）, all, none, few, little, some 等不定代词时，或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little,few, much等词修饰时。如：
I have write downeverythingthatyou told me just now.
Allthe booksthatare sold in the shop are very interesting.
（2）当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。如：
The firstmoviethatI watched was the Titanic.
This isthe bestbookthatI have read all my life.
（3）当先行词被 the very, the only, the first / last 等修饰时 (当先行词是人时，也可用 who,whom）如：
The old house isthe onlythingthathe owns.
She isthe onlyforeignerthat whowas invited to the party.
（4）当先行词既有人又有物时。如：
I will never forgetthe persons and thingsthatare important to my life.
（5）当句子以who,which 等疑问词开头时。如：
Whois the manthatis standing in front of the room?
Whichis the roomthatyou live in?
2. 只能用which作为定语从句的关系代词的情况
（1）当关系词前面有介词时，指物常用 which,指人常用whom.
The housein whichwe live is very large.
The housewhich / that 省略\we live in is very large.
（2）非限制性定语从句多用 which
He wrote an article,whichtells us about the history.
He succeeded in the competition,whichmade his parents very happy.
5关系副词引导的定语从句
why = for which (表原因）
where = in/ at/ on/ ... which (表地点)
when = during/ on/ in/ ... which (表时间)
1. where 指地点
（1）Fuzhou is the citywhere (in which)I was born.
Fuzhou is the citywhichI was born in.
（2）The housewhere (in which)I lived five years ago has been pulled down.
2. when指时间
（1）I still remember the daywhen (on which)I first came to the city.
（2）I still remember the days(that which)we spent together in the past.
3. why 指原因
（1）The teacher didn't believe the reasonwhy for whichhe was late.
（2）The teacher didn't believe the reasonwhich thathe explained.
