四六级语法词汇2

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关于used to的意义和用法

  used to (只有过去时形式,没有现在时形式)表示过去习惯动作或状态,这种情况现已不复存在。例如:

  He used to smoke a lot, but he has long given up smoking.

  在否定陈述句或否定疑问句中,用didn‘t use to或usedn’t to均可:

  He didn‘t use to smoke cigarettes.

  He usedn‘t to smoke cigarettes.

  Didn‘t Maria use to be interested in the theatre?

  Usedn‘t Maria to be interested in the theatre?

  在肯定疑问句中也可有两种形式:

  Used you to go to the same school as Edward?

  Did you use to go to the same school as Edward?

  近义词辨析

  use, apply, avail, employ, utilize

  这组词均含有“使用”或“利用”之意。

  use强调利用人或物作为工具。

  He used up all his resources in experimenting with the new paint.他为实验新的涂料,花光了一切钱财。

  Apply 指把某物或某种方法、原理等加以应用。

  We should not only know the theory but also know how to apply it to practice.我们不仅要知道理论,还要知道怎样把理论应用于实践。

  avail指使用就近的或他人给予的东西,或使别人为自己提供服务。

  I don‘t think complaints will avail you much.我觉得抱怨对你没多大用处。

  We avail ourselves of every opportunity to speak English.我们利用一切机会讲英语。

  employ指使用未被利用的东西;用于人时表示雇用。

  He doesn‘t know how to employ his energy and time.他不知道该怎么利用他的精力和时间。

  utilize指充分发挥某物的作用,使无用的东西变有用,或使人或物有新用途。

  She hopes to utilize her artistic talents in the job.她希望在工作中发挥她的艺术才能。

  全真模拟试题

  1. My pain ______ apparent the moment I walked into the room, for the first man I met asked sympathetically: “Are you feeling all right?”A. must be B. must have been C. had been D. had to be

  2. It is only when you nearly lose someone ______ fully conscious of how much you value him.

  A. do you become B. then you become

  C. that you become D. have you become

  3. Just as the soil is a part of the earth, ______ the

  atmosphere.

  A. as it is B. so is C. the same as D. and so is

  4. While driving along the treacherous road, ______。

  A. my right rear tyre blew out 

  B. my right rear tyre had a blowout 

  C. I had a blownout on my right rear tyre 

  D. I had my right rear tyre blowout

  5. Jean Wagner‘s most enduring contribution to the study of AfroAmerican poetry

  is his insistence that it ______ in a religious, as well as worldly, frame of reference.

  A. is to be analysed B. has been analysed 

  C. be analysed D. should have been analysed

  6.______ there is little we can do to modify the weather, we can at least know what kind of weather to expect.

  A. Since B. When C. While D. Unless

  7. This organization brought Western artists together in the hope of ma

  king more of an impact on the art community ______ any of them could individually and to promote Western art by women.

  A. rather than B. rather C. than D. other than

  8. But the Swiss discovered long years ago that constant warfare brought

  them ______ suffering and poverty.

  A. anything but B. nothing but 

  C. none other than D. no more than

  9. After ______ seemed an endless wait, it was her turn to step into the doctor‘s office.

  A. it B. that C. what D. which

  10. The board deemed it‘s urgent that these files ______

  right away.

  A. had to be printed B. should have been printed 

  C. must be printed D. should be printed

  11. His answer was so confused that I could hardly make any ______

  of it at all.

  A. explanation B. meaning C. sense D. interpretation

  12. You should have your eyes tested every year in case the ______

  of your spectacles need changing.

  A. lenses B. glasses C. sights D. crystals

  13. The school committee hoped that their choice of play would be ______ with the students and their parents.

  A. recognized B. popular C. favorable D. fascinated

  14. By cutting down trees we ______ the natural home of birds and animals.

  A. harm B. hurt C. injure D. damage

  15. Mr. Robinson knew that the most trivial chore could prove to be a ______ if approached with enthusiasm.

  A. prize B. reward C. refund D. bonus

  16. The trade unions in this industry are ______ any reduction in wages.

  A. objecting against B. opposed to 

  C. reacted to D. resisting against

  17. She was teaching me ______ you would teach a younger child to speak the language.

  A. the way B.in the way C. a way D. to the way

  18. The Brownings have not ______ yet and I doubt whether they will come.

  A turned in B. turned out C.turned up D. turned to

  19. We went on a(n) ______ to the mountain yesterday.

  A.excursion B. trip C. tour D. travel

  20. When Sarah and I ______ on an article for the school newspaper, we found it difficult to work together.

  A. compiled B. gathered 

  C. collaborated D. collected

  21. Beth could ______ her coat because it had large

  red buttons.

  A. recognize B. prove C. define D. claim

  22. Postal ______ are determined by the class and weight of the parcel mailed.

  A. taxes B. payment C. fees D. premium

  23. My father is so deaf that he has to use a hearing ______。

  A. help B. aid C. support D. tool

  24. On New Year‘s Eve, there will be a firework ______

  at People‘s Square.

  A. display B. performance C. show D. exhibition

  25. The ______ of beer and alcohol in New Zealand is very high.

  A. consumption B. use C. drink D. absorption

  试题答案与解析

  1. B) 「句意」我刚一走进房间时一定表现得

  很痛苦,因为我遇到的第一个人同情地问我:“你没事吧?”

  「难点」must与完成时不定式连用往往表示对过去发生的事情的主观推测

  ,常译成“一定是…”。

  2. C) 「句意」只有当你快要失去什么人时,

  你才充分意识到他对你是多么重要。

  「难点」该句是一个典型的强调句式,即It is……that……。

  

  3. B) 「句意」正像土壤是地球的一部分,大

  气层也是。

  「难点」Just as……,so……为一固定结构,意为“正如…,…也…”。

  

  4. C) 「句意」当我在险峻的山路上驾车急驰

  时,车的右后胎爆了。

  「难点」此句为一个带有时间状语从句的主从复合句。在英语中,由while, when等引导的

  时间状语从句,如果其主语与主句中的主语相同,从句中的主语可以省略,而只剩下分词短

  语。驾车的应该是人,所以只能从C)和D)选,而D)的意义不符,所以选C)。

  

  5. C) 「句意」杰恩。瓦格那对亚非诗歌最永恒

  的贡献是他坚持认为,这类诗歌除用凡俗的参考框架,还应用宗教的参考框架进行研究。

  「难点」insistence是个从insist派生来的名词,二者后面分别接同位语

  从句和宾语从句,句中皆应使用虚拟形式,即should+动词原形或动词原形。

  

  6. C) 「句意」尽管我们在改变天气方面无能

  为力,但我们至少知道天气未来的变化。

  「难点」while除表示时间外,还可表示转折、让步,意为“尽管,虽然”。该句中其它选项不具备此意。

  

  7. C) 「句意」该组织把西部艺术家聚集在一

  起,希望

  他们比任何个人都能更多地影响艺术界,并由妇女来促进西部艺术。

  「难点」选项C)的than与句中的more形成正确搭配,意为“比…都…”,故为答案。

  

  8. B) 「句意」但是多年以前瑞士人就发现连

  年不断的战争给他们带来的只有苦难和贫穷。

  「难点」nothing but意为“仅仅,只不过”;anything but意为“除…

  以外的任何事“;none other than意为”不是别人,正是…“;no more than意为”不过,仅仅“。

  

  9. C) 「句意」在经过一段似乎是漫无边际的

  等候之后,终于轮到她走进医生的办公室。

  「难点」在由after引导的介词短语中,what seemed(to be)起定语作用,修饰an endless wait.又如:I saw what seemed to be a fox.我看见一个似乎是狐狸的东西。

  

  10. D) 「句意」董事会认为这些卷宗应立刻打印。

  「难点」urgent在句中做形式宾语it的补足语,其后的宾语从句应使用虚拟式,即should+动词原形。

  

  11. C) 「句意」他的答案很不清楚,我根本弄

  不懂。

  「难点」sense意为“意义;含义”,短语make sense of意为“弄懂…的

  意思“;explanation意为”解释,说明,阐述“,侧重说明事件的真相、原因;meaning意为”意义,意思;

  含义“,但不能在make sense of 短语中代替sense;interpretation意为”解释,说明,阐明“,比较正式。

  

  12. A) 「句意」你应该每年检查一次自己的眼睛,因为你的眼镜镜片也许需要更换。

  「难点」lenses意为“镜片”;glasses意为“眼镜”;sights意为“视

  野;风景“;crystals意为”水晶,晶体“。

  

  13. B) 「句意」校董会希望他们选择的那出剧

  会受到孩子和家长的欢迎。

  「难点」popular意为“讨人喜欢的;得人心的;受欢迎的”。recognized意为“被赏识的

  ;受表彰的“。favorable意为”赢得赞许的;讨人喜欢的“,但后面不能接with.fascinated意为”被迷住的,被弄得神魂颠倒的“。

  

  14. D) 「句意」我们砍伐树木的行为损坏了鸟

  兽的自然家园。

  「难点」damage意为“加害于…,损伤…”;harm意为“对…有害”;hurt意为“疼痛,受伤,(精神上)伤害”;injure意为“使受伤”,身体受外力伤害。

  

  15. B) 「句意」罗宾逊先生知道,如果带着热

  情去做,最琐碎的家务也能证明是一种报偿。

  「难点」reward意为“报答;奖赏”;prize意为“奖金,奖品”;refun

  d意为“退款”;bonus意为“奖金,红利”。

  

  16. B) 「句意」该行业工会反对降低工资。

  「难点」be opposed to意为“反对,对抗”;object against不常用;react to意为“作出反应,反应”;resist不与against连用。

  

  17. A) 「句意」她教我那门语言的方式简直就

  象在教一个小孩说话。

  「难点」the way后接从句,意为“以…方式”。in the way意为“妨碍(

  某人)“。a way 和to the way不是固定搭配。

  

  18. C) 「句意」勃朗宁一家人还没露面,我怀

  疑他们会不会来。

  「难点」turn up意为“出现,露面”;turn in意为“归还,递交…”;

  turn out意为“原来是,证明是”;turn to 意为“求助于;求教于”。

  

  19. A) 「句意」昨天我们到那座山里进行了一次远足观光。

  「难点」excursion意为“远足,短途旅行”;trip意为“旅游出行;行

  程“;tour意为”游历;观光“;travel意为”(长途)旅行“。

  

  20. C) 「句意」当我和萨拉为校报合作一篇文

  章时,我们发现很难在一起工作。

  「难点」collaborate意为“合作,合著”;compile意为“汇集;我”

  ;gather意为“聚会,集会”;collect意为“收集;集合”。

  

  21. A) 「句意」贝丝能认出自己的大衣,因为

  她的大衣上有红色的大钮扣。

  「难点」recognize意为“认出,识别”;prove意为“证明,证实”;de

  fine意为“下定义”;claim意为“认领;索取”。

  

  22. C) 「句意」邮资是根据所邮包裹的等级和

  重量来定的。

  「难点」fee意为“费(如会费,入场费,手续费等)”;tax意为“税,税

  款“;payment意为”支付,付款“;premium意为”津贴;酬金“。

  

  23. B) 「句意」我父亲耳聋得厉害,不得不使

  用助听器。

  「难点」aid意为“辅助器具”;help意为“帮助”;support意为“支持”;tool意为“工具”。

  

  24. A) 「句意」新年除夕,人民广场将举行焰

  火表演。

  「难点」display意为“展示性表演”;performance意为“文艺演出;表演”;show意为“

  展览;展览会“;exhibition也是”展览会“,属销售性质。

  25. A) 「句意」在新西兰,啤酒和白酒的消费

  量很大。

  「难点」consumption意为“消费量”;use意为“使用,用途”;drink意

  为“饮料”;absorption意为“吸收”。
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