Question

having done和having been done是不是一个意思呀？

Answer 1

have done 和 have been done 都表示的是现在完成时,having done 和 having been done 都是动词ing 的完成形式,在句子中作状语,起到补充说明的作用.这里要注意的是,having 所接的动词发生的时间在主句中谓语动词发生的时间之前.比如：Having driven all day,we were so tired. 这个例子中,having driven表示“我们”的状态,“开了一天的车”,并且,drive 的动作发生在 be tired的之前.

了解了上面的概念,再来解释having done 和 having been done的区别,前者having done表示的是主动,后者having been done表示的是被动.例：

1 Having driven all day,we were so tired. 我们开了一天的车,现在都很累了,having driven表示的是主动,是“我们开了一天的车”；
2 Having been criticized today, he was so sad. 今天被批评了,他很难过.是"he"被批评,而这个原因状语又是修饰"he",所以要用被动,have been done.

还有一种情况,having been doing,理解了之前两种用法,那么也会很清楚,这个用法也是动词ing的完成进行时,表主动.