Question

液压论文翻译，急求....翻译软件勿扰，专业人士请进.....急急急急急急急.....................

Options include automatic cable tensioning, single-acting models, cable tracks for greater load stabilization and capacity, a pulley arrangement to double the stroke and speed, caliper disc brakes on the cable pulley, and reed switches. The cable also can be wound around a drum to provide rotational motion.
A variation of the cable cylinder relies on a metal band running over pulleys instead of a cable. Each end of the the upper yoke rides on the cylinder barrel for greater load stability and capacity, negating the need for a separate load carriage in many applications. These cylinders may be fitted with a brake that stops and holds the load anywhere along the stroke.
Flexible wall cylinders have evolved from designs that were originally made for vibration and isolation mounting. They consist of metal mounting plates fixed to a reinforced rubber chamber that extends and collapses, respectively, as it is pressurized and vented. They have generous lateral misalignment allowances and can actuate through an arc without a clevis mount.
Some precautions should be exercised when applying these cylinders. First, mechanical stops should be provided to limit the length of extension. Otherwise, an overrunning load could pull an end plate off the cylinder. Mechanical stops should also limit retraction, thereby preventing crushing the elastomeric portion of the cylinder between end plates. Alignment of these cylinders is much less critical than with conventional cylinders. However, relative torsional rotation between the end caps should be prevented to keep from having the elastomeric portion fail due to excessive shear stress.
An alternate design resembles a length of flexible hose sealed at both ends. With no pressure, the hose is flat; pumping air into it expands the hose into a tubular shape. Maximum stroke is approximately the ID of the inflated hose. Using a long length of such hose can generate very high force from a relatively low pressure. However, actuation force decreases with stroke length. This is because as the hose expands, it becomes more round, so a smaller area is in contact with the load to apply the force.

Answer 1

选配件包括自动钢索张紧，单动模型，用于稳定和增大载重量的钢索链条，可使冲程和速度翻倍的滑轮结构，钢索滑轮上的盘式刹车卡钳，以及簧片开关。钢索还可绕在卷筒上提供旋转运动。
有多种钢索气缸都依赖一条金属带而不是钢索绕过滑轮。框架上部的两端均架在气缸管上，以提供更好的负载稳定性和更大的载重量，这样，在许多应用中就不再需要另外的托架了。这些气缸上安装刹车掣后，即可在冲程的过程中随时停止并拉住负载。
柔性壁气缸是从原先振动和绝缘安装设计演变而来的。它们由固定在一个加固的橡胶室的许多金属安装片组成，当加压和放气时，金属片分别绷直和松驰。它们侧向排列对齐的允许公差很大，只需弧形而无需U形夹即可启动。
当应用这些气缸时需要注意一些事项。首先，应提供机械止动装置将伸出长度加以限制。否则，负载超速运转时会将末端的金属片从气缸上拉掉。机械止动还可限制缩回幅度，从而防止金属片之间气缸弹性材料遭到破坏。这类气缸对排列的要求远没有传统气缸要求那么高。然而，应防止两端气缸帽之间的相对扭转，以防止过度的剪切应力损坏弹性材料。
另一种设计与一段两端密封的软管很相像。无压力时，软管是瘪的；向内压入空气时会将软管充气成管状。最大冲程约为冲气后软管的ID。如果使用一长段这种软管，则可在相对较低的压力下产生很大的力。然而，冲程越长，启动力越小。这是因为随着软管充气膨胀，它会变圆，从而与负载的接触面变小，使施力面变小。

Answer 2

选项包括自动电缆张紧，单代理模式，有线电视轨道有更大的负荷稳定和能力，滑轮安排两倍中风和速度，钳盘式制动器的电缆滑轮，和簧片开关。该电缆也可伤口周围鼓提供旋转运动。
更改电缆缸依赖于金属乐队运行在滑轮代替电缆。每一端上的枷锁乘搭缸桶更大的稳定性和负载能力，否定需要一个单独的负载运输在许多应用中。这些气瓶可装有制动停止并持有任何负载沿中风。
柔壁气瓶已经从最初的设计为振动和日益孤立。它们包括金属安装板固定在增强橡胶商会，延伸和崩溃，分别，因为它是压力和发泄。他们慷慨横向错位津贴和可开动通过弧无叉挂载。
一些预防措施时，应尽量采用这些气罐。首先，机械停止应提供限制的长度延伸。否则，一个超越负荷可拉板结束了缸。机械站也应限制退缩，从而防止压伤弹性部分缸端板之间。对准这些气瓶小得多关键比常规气瓶。然而，相对扭轮换端盖之间应防止继续由具有弹性的部分失败由于过度剪应力。
候补设计类似于长软管两端密封。不带任何压力，软管持平;抽水空气进入它扩大了管成管状形状。最大行程约的ID充气软管。使用一个长的软管可以产生非常高的部队从一个相对低的压力。然而，驱动力随行程长度。这是因为软管的扩大，它变得更加全面，因此较小的领域是在接触载荷应用武力。