Question

求翻译~~不要机翻的~~

So long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching and learning , they will continue to undertake to do for children that which only children can do for themselves. Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them. It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading. Douglas insists that“ reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible”.

Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes. They differ in kind and function. The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read. Teaching is also public activity. It can be seen and observed.

Learning to read involves all that each individual does to make sense of the world of printed language. Almost all of it is private ,for learning is an occupation of the mind ,and that process is not open to public scrutiny.

If teacher and learner roles are not interchangeable ,what then can be done through teaching that will aid the child in the quest（探索）for knowledge? Smith has one principal rule for all teaching instructions. “Make learning to read easy, which means making reading a meaningful, enjoyable and frequent experience for children. ”

When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are, and when both teacher fulfil them appropriately, then much of the pressure and feeling of failure for both is eliminated. Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of leaning to read by reading.

Answer 1

只要教师没很好地区分教与学，他们将继续采取这样的方法，其中只有孩子可以做的。教孩子读并不是通过读教给他们。这当然不是把无休止的时间花费在阅读有关的活动。道格拉斯表示， “阅读不可能直接交给别人，学校应该停止试图做这样做” 。

教与学是两个完全不同的过程。他们的性质和功能不同。教的作用是创造条件和气氛，这将能够为儿童有效的学会自己阅读。教学也是公众活动。可以看出，观察。

学习阅读涉及所有每一个人想法去弄明白世界上的印刷文字。几乎所有的都是私人的，学习是头脑的工作，这个过程是不受公众的监督的。

如果老师和学生的角色是不能互换，那么可以通过教学，将帮助孩子在寻求（探索）的知识？史密斯有一个主要的规则对所有的教学指示。 “让学习阅读方便，这意味着使阅读有意义的，愉快的和频繁的经验，为儿童。 “

当教师和学生的角色回归原本，当教师履行这些都适当，那么多的压力和感觉都没有消除。学习阅读是比较容易，当老师创造一个环境，让儿童有机会通过阅读解决学习阅读中遇到的问题。

Answer 2

“当教师的作用和学习者都看到他们的，当教师履行这些都适当，那么多的压力和感觉都没有消除。学习阅读是比较容易，当老师创造一个环境，让儿童有机会解决问题的学习阅读阅读。

只要教师不区分教学和学习，他们将继续采取这样的孩子，其中只有孩子可以做的。教孩子读的是没有通过读给他们。这当然不是无休止的时间花费在阅读有关的活动。道格拉斯表示， “阅读不能直接和学校教应该停止试图做不可能的。 ”教与学是两个完全不同的进程。他们不同的种类和功能。教学中的作用是创造条件和气氛，这将能够为儿童设计的最有效的系统教学自己阅读。教学也是公众活动。

可以看出，观察。学习阅读涉及所有每一个人不理解世界上的印刷文字。几乎所有的这是私人的，学习是一个占领的头脑，这个过程是不开放给公众的监督。如果老师和学生的角色是不能互换，那么可以通过教学，将帮助孩子在追求（探索）的知识？史密斯有一个主要的规则对所有的教学指示。 “让学习阅读方便，这意味着使阅读有意义的，愉快的和频繁的经验，为儿童。